scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Salmonella from Human and Animal Origins in Uganda

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atek Atwiine Kagirita ◽  
Andrew Baguma ◽  
Tonny Jimmy Owalla ◽  
Joel Bazira ◽  
Samuel Majalija
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
One Health ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Animal Isolates

Sporadic Salmonella outbreaks with varying clinical presentations have been on the rise in various parts of Uganda. The sources of outbreaks and factors underlying the different clinical manifestation are curtailed by paucity of information on Salmonella genotypes and the associated virulence genes. This study reports molecular diversity of Salmonella enterica and their genetic virulence profiles among human and animal isolates. Characterization was done using Kauffman-White classification scheme and virulence genes analysis using multiplex PCR. Overall, 52% of the isolates belonged to serogroup D, 16% to serogroup E, 15% to poly F, H-S, and 12% to serogroup B. Serogroups A, C1, and C2 each consisted of only one isolate representing 5%. Virulence genes located on SPI-1 [spaN and sipB] and on SPI-2 [spiA] in addition to pagC and msgA were equally distributed in isolates obtained from all sources. Plasmid encoded virulence gene spvB was found in <5% of isolates from both human epidemic and animal origins whereas it occurred in 80% of clinical isolates. This study reveals that serogroup D is the predominant Salmonella serogroup in circulation and it is widely shared among animals and humans and calls for joint and coordinated surveillance for one health implementation in Uganda.

Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Vibrio cholerae from Ice and Beverages Sold in Jakarta, Indonesia, Using Most Probable Number and Multiplex PCR

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIANA E. WATURANGI ◽  
NATANIA PRADITA ◽  
JESSICA LINARTA ◽  
SWAPAN BANERJEE
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Intestinal Infection ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Tropical Regions

Vibrio cholerae is well recognized as the causative agent of cholera, an acute intestinal infection characterized by watery diarrhea that may lead to dehydration and death in some cases. V. cholerae is a natural inhabitant of the aquatic environment in the tropical regions. Jakarta has the highest percentage of individuals affected by sporadic diarrheal illness compared with other areas in Indonesia. Inadequate safety measures for drinking water supplies, improper sanitation, and poor hygiene can increase the risk of cholera outbreaks. Few studies have been conducted on the prevalence of these bacteria in ice and beverages that are popularly sold and consumed in Jakarta. In this study, we detected and quantified V. cholerae from ice and beverages collected from several areas in five regions of Jakarta. Levels of V. cholerae in both ice and beverages were determined with the three-tube most-probable-number (MPN) method and ranged from &lt;0.3 to &gt;110 MPN/ml. The presence of regulatory and virulence gene sequences was determined by using uniplex and multiplex PCR assays. Of 110 samples tested, 33 (30%) were positive for V. cholerae; 21 (64%) were ice samples and the remaining 12 (36%) were beverages. A total of 88 V. cholerae strains were isolated, based on the presence of the toxR gene sequence identified by PCR. Other genetic markers, such as hlyA (59%), ompU (16%), and ctxA (19%), also were found during the search for potential pathogenic strains. The detection and isolation of potentially harmful V. cholerae from ice and beverages in Jakarta indicate that these products pose a health risk from choleragenic vibrios, particularly because of the emergence of classical biotypes of V. cholerae O1 and potentially harmful non-O1 serovars of this species.

scholarly journals Study of Antibiotics Sensitivity Pattern And Molecular Characterization of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated From Human And Animal Pyogenic Cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayshree Singh ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Sharad K. Yadav ◽  
Ritika Yadav ◽  
Vinod K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Drug Sensitivity ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern ◽  
Animal Isolates

Abstract Staphylococcus aureus has been described as the most common cause of human and animal diseases and has emerged as superbug due to multidrug resistance. Considering these, a total of 175 samples were collected from pyogenic cases of humans (75) and animals (100), to establish the drug resistance pattern and also for molecular characterization of human and animal isolates. Thermonuclease (nuc) gene amplification was used to confirm all presumptive S. aureus isolates and then antibiotic sensitivity and slide coagulase tests were used for phenotypic characterization of isolates. Following that, all of the isolates were subjected to PCR amplification to detect the existence of the methicillin resistance (mecA) and coagulase (coa) genes. Lastly, typing was done by using the Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA-PCR. The overall prevalence of S. aureus in human and animal samples was found to be 39.4%. Drug sensitivity revealed the highest resistance against the β-lactam antibiotics such as ampicillin (94.8%) and penicillin (90.6%), followed by cephalosporin (cefixime-67.7%) and quinolone (ciprofloxacin-52.1%) group of drugs. The drug sensitivity was the highest against antibiotics like chloramphenicol (95%) followed by gentamicin (90%). Among the 69 S. aureus isolates, the overall presence of MRSA was 40.5% (27.5% and 50% in human and animal isolates respectively). Total 33 isolates exhibited coa genes amplification of more than one amplicons and variable in size of 250, 450, 800, and 1100 bp. The RAPD typing revealed amplification of 5 and 6 different band patterns in humans and animals, respectively, with two common patterns suggesting a common phylogenetic profile.

scholarly journals Ampelographic and molecular diversity among grapevine (Vitis spp.) cultivars

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 160-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sabir ◽  
S. Tangolar ◽  
S. Buyukalaca ◽  
S. Kafkas
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Issr Analysis ◽  
Geographic Origins ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Vitis Spp

This study presents the ampelographic and molecular characterization of 44 grapevine cultivars. Ampelographic data were obtained during two vegetation periods using the latest version of the descriptors. Based on the mean values transformed by the method indicated in IBPGR publications, a dendrogram was constructed. ISSR analysis was also employed to characterize the genotypes at the DNA level. Twenty primers, selected on the basis of their discriminating potential, generated a total of 157 bands, of which 140 were polymorphic. The dendrograms constructed by the two approaches were largely similar in both the clustering position and divergence of varietal groups. The least distance was observed between Yuvarlak Cekirdeksiz and Superior Seedless. The clustering position of cultivars throughout the dendrograms was basically related to the genetic distances and main uses, as well as to geographic origins.

scholarly journals Technical note: Development of multiplex PCR assays for the molecular characterization of Streptococcus uberis strains isolated from bovine mastitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 915-921
Author(s):  
Dario Calonzi ◽  
Alicia Romano ◽  
Valentina Monistero ◽  
Paolo Moroni ◽  
Mario Vittorio Luini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Pcr Assays

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of serologically atypical provisional serovars of Shigella isolates from Kolkata, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 1696-1703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanta Dutta ◽  
Priyanka Jain ◽  
Suman Nandy ◽  
Shigeru Matsushita ◽  
Shin-ichi Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Single Mutation ◽  
Chloramphenicol Resistance ◽  
Resistant Strains

During 2000–2004, 13 Shigella strains that were untypable by commercially available antisera were isolated from children <5 years of age with acute diarrhoea in Kolkata. These strains were subsequently identified as Shigella dysenteriae provisional serovar 204/96 (n = 3), Shigella dysenteriae provisional serovar E23507 (n = 1), Shigella dysenteriae provisional serovar I9809-73 (n = 1), Shigella dysenteriae provisional serovar 93-119 (n = 1), Shigella flexneri provisional serovar 88-893 (n = 6) and Shigella boydii provisional serovar E16553 (n = 1). In this study, characterization of those provisional serovars of Shigella was performed with respect to their antimicrobial resistance, plasmids, virulence genes and PFGE profiles. The drug resistant strains (n = 10) of Shigella identified in this study possessed various antibiotic resistance genetic markers like catA (for chloramphenicol resistance); tetA and tetB (for tetracycline resistance); dfrA1 and sul2 (for co-trimoxazole resistance); aadA1, strA and strB (for streptomycin resistance) and blaOXA-1 (for ampicillin resistance). Class 1 and/or class 2 integrons were present in eight resistant strains. Three study strains were pan-susceptible. A single mutation in the gyrA gene (serine to leucine at codon 83) was present in four quinolone resistant strains. The virulence gene ipaH (invasion plasmid antigen H) was uniformly present in all strains in this study, but the stx (Shiga toxin) and set1 (Shigella enterotoxin 1) genes were absent. Other virulence genes like ial (invasion associated locus) and sen (Shigella enterotoxin 2) were occasionally present. A large plasmid of 212 kb and of incompatibility type IncFIIA was present in the majority of the strains (n = 10) and diversity was noticed in the smaller plasmid profiles of these strains even within the same provisional serovars. PFGE profile analysis showed the presence of multiple unrelated clones among the isolates of provisional Shigella serovars. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the phenotypic and molecular characterization of provisional serovars of Shigella isolates from Kolkata, India.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document