scholarly journals Association between Antihypertensive Drug Use and the Incidence of Cognitive Decline and Dementia: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangli Xu ◽  
Feng Bai ◽  
Xin Lin ◽  
Qiongying Wang ◽  
Qiang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Antihypertensive Drug ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies

Background.Antihypertensive drug use is inconsistently associated with the risk of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, cognitive impairment, and cognitive decline. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of available prospective cohort studies to summarize the evidence on the strength of these relationships.Methods.Three electronic databases including MedLine, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify studies from inception to April 2017. Only prospective cohort studies that reported effect estimates with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, cognitive impairment, and cognitive decline for antihypertensive drug use versus not using antihypertensive drugs were included.Results.We included 10 prospective cohort studies reporting data on 30,895 individuals. Overall, participants who received antihypertensive drugs had lower incidence of dementia (relative risk [RR]: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.75–0.99;p=0.033), while there was no significant effect on the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease (RR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.64–1.09;p=0.154), cognitive impairment (RR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.57–1.38;p=0.596), and cognitive decline (RR: 1.11; 95% CI: 0.86–1.43;p=0.415). Further, the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease might be affected by antihypertensive drug use in participants with specific characteristics.Conclusions.Antihypertensive drug use was associated with a significantly reduced risk of dementia, but not with the risk of Alzheimer’s disease, cognitive impairment, and cognitive decline.

Hearing impairment and risk of Alzheimer’s disease: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqiu Zheng ◽  
Shengnuo Fan ◽  
Wang Liao ◽  
Wenli Fang ◽  
Songhua Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies

scholarly journals Homocysteine and Folic Acid: Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease—An Updated Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianwen Wang ◽  
Jingjing Zhao ◽  
Hongtao Chang ◽  
Xu Liu ◽  
Ruixia Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Recent studies have reported that homocysteine (Hcy) may play a vital role in the pathogenesis of vascular dementia (VaD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our study explored the relationship between the plasma Hcy and folate levels and the risk of dementia.Methods: We searched Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science for published literature, including case-control studies and prospective cohort studies, and performed a systematic analysis.Results: The results of our meta-analysis, consisting of case-control studies, showed higher levels of Hcy and lower levels of folate in dementia, AD, and VaD patients than those in non-demented controls (for dementia: SMD = 0.812, 95% CI [0.689, 0.936], p = 0.000 for Hcy; SMD = −0.677, 95% CI [−0.828, −0.525], p = 0.000 for folate). AD patients showed significantly lower plasma Hcy levels compared to VaD patients (SMD = −0.278, 95% CI [−0.466, −0.09], p = 0.000). Subgroup analysis revealed that ethnicity, average age, and dementia type had no significant effect on this association. Furthermore, from the analysis of prospective cohort studies, we identified that elevated plasma Hcy levels were associated with an increased risk of dementia, AD, and VaD (RRdementia = 1.22, 95% CI [1.08, 1.36]; RRAD = 1.07, 95% CI [1.04, 1.11]; RRVaD = 1.13, 95% CI [1.04, 1.23]). In addition, every 5 μmol/L increase in the plasma Hcy level was associated with a 9% increased risk of dementia and a 12% increased risk of AD.Conclusion: Hcy and folic acid are potential predictors of the occurrence and development of AD. A better understanding of their function in dementia could provide evidence for clinicians to rationalize clinical intervention strategies.

Subjective Spatial Navigation Complaints - A Frequent Symptom Reported by Patients with Subjective Cognitive Decline, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Cerman ◽  
Ross Andel ◽  
Jan Laczo ◽  
Martin Vyhnalek ◽  
Zuzana Nedelska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Spatial Navigation ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Frequent Symptom ◽  
Normal Controls

Background: Great effort has been put into developing simple and feasible tools capable to detect Alzheimer's disease (AD) in its early clinical stage. Spatial navigation impairment occurs very early in AD and is detectable even in the stage of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Objective: The aim was to describe the frequency of self-reported spatial navigation complaints in patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), amnestic and non-amnestic MCI (aMCI, naMCI) and AD dementia and to assess whether a simple questionnaire based on these complaints may be used to detect early AD. Method: In total 184 subjects: patients with aMCI (n=61), naMCI (n=27), SCD (n=63), dementia due to AD (n=20) and normal controls (n=13) were recruited. The subjects underwent neuropsychological examination and were administered a questionnaire addressing spatial navigation complaints. Responses to the 15 items questionnaire were scaled into four categories (no, minor, moderate and major complaints). Results: 55% of patients with aMCI, 64% with naMCI, 68% with SCD and 72% with AD complained about their spatial navigation. 38-61% of these complaints were moderate or major. Only 33% normal controls expressed complaints and none was ranked as moderate or major. The SCD, aMCI and AD dementia patients were more likely to express complaints than normal controls (p's<0.050) after adjusting for age, education, sex, depressive symptoms (OR for SCD=4.00, aMCI=3.90, AD dementia=7.02) or anxiety (OR for SCD=3.59, aMCI=3.64, AD dementia=6.41). Conclusion: Spatial navigation complaints are a frequent symptom not only in AD, but also in SCD and aMCI and can potentially be detected by a simple and inexpensive questionnaire.

scholarly journals Assessing visuo-constructive functions in patients with subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease with the Vienna Visuo-Constructional Test 3.0 (VVT 3.0)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel Valencia ◽  
Johann Lehrner
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis

Summary Background Visuo-Constructive functions have considerable potential for the early diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression in Alzheimer’s disease. Objectives Using the Vienna Visuo-Constructional Test 3.0 (VVT 3.0), we measured visuo-constructive functions in subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and healthy controls to determine whether VVT performance can be used to distinguish these groups. Materials and methods Data of 671 participants was analyzed comparing scores across diagnostic groups and exploring associations with relevant clinical variables. Predictive validity was assessed using Receiver Operator Characteristic curves and multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results We found significant differences between AD and the other groups. Identification of cases suffering from visuo-constructive impairment was possible using VVT scores, but these did not permit classification into diagnostic subgroups. Conclusions In summary, VVT scores are useful indicators for visuo-constructive impairment but face challenges when attempting to discriminate between several diagnostic groups.

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