scholarly journals Vision Loss and Recovery after Baerveldt Aqueous Tube Shunt Implantation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Lee Kim ◽  
Jeffrey Tran ◽  
Marc Töteberg-Harms ◽  
Jasdeep Chahal ◽  
Douglas Rhee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Negative Change ◽  
Shunt Implantation ◽  
Snellen Visual Acuity ◽  
Tube Shunt

This study aims to determine the course of vision loss after Baerveldt aqueous tube shunt placement and identify risk factors associated with unexplained severe long-term vision loss, or snuff-out. We retrospectively reviewed 247 eyes of 222 patients who underwent Baerveldt implantations at one of two academic institutions. Postoperative vision loss at 6 months following surgery was categorized as mild-to-moderate versus severe and long-term versus transient. Long-term vision loss, defined as 3 or more lines of Snellen visual acuity (VA) loss compared with preoperative VA, occurred in 63 of 247 eyes (25.5%), and 39 had mild-to-moderate and 24 had severe loss. Of these 63 eyes, 18 had no identifiable cause of vision loss. On multivariate analysis, poorer Snellen VA on postoperative day 1 (POD1) was found to be a significant risk factor for long-term vision loss (p=0.005). In addition, the negative change in preoperative versus POD1 Snellen VA (p=0.021) and the presence of split fixation involving the inferonasal quadrant on preoperative Humphrey visual field (p=0.044) were significant risk factors for snuff-out. Transient vision loss occurred in 76 of 242 eyes (30.8%). In conclusion, vision loss is not uncommon after Baerveldt surgery, with snuff-out occurring in 2.4% of cases in this study.

scholarly journals Epidemiological characterization and risk factors associated with lentiviral infection of small ruminants at animal fairs in the semiarid Sertão region of Pernambuco, Brazilian semiarid

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1875
Author(s):  
José Romero Alexandre Alves ◽  
Clécio Henrique Limeira ◽  
Geilson Manoel de Souza Lima ◽  
Raymundo Rizaldo Pinheiro ◽  
Francisco Selmo Fernandes Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Factors Associated

Animal agglomerations at commercial events such as trade fairs represent an important facilitator in infectious disease transmission. Thus, it is crucial to understand the epidemiology of infectious diseases in small ruminants. The objective of this study was to examine lentiviral presence in goats and sheep traded at the animal fair of Tabira city (Sertão region of Pernambuco) and identify possible risk factors associated with infection. We collected serum samples from 233 crossbred goats and 119 crossbred sheep, belonging to 12 breeders, at the Tabira livestock fair from November 2014 to June 2015. An epidemiological questionnaire was used to analyze the risk factors. Agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and western blotting (WB) were performed to diagnose small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) infection. In the AGID test, we used maedi-visna virus (MVV) antigens for sheep and caprine arthritis/encephalitis virus (strain Cork) (CAEV-Co) antigen for goats. The WB analysis used CAEV-Co antigen for both species. Variables from the questionnaire were analyzed with univariate and multivariate statistics. One seropositive goat but no sheep was identified via AGID. According to the WB results, 15/233 goats (6.44%; CI95% = 3.94 - 10.35%) and 8/119 sheep (6.72%; CI95% = 3.45 - 12.71%) were seropositive, totaling 23/352 reactive animals (6.53%; CI95% = 4.39 - 9.61%) from 12 herds. Annual vermifugation of the animals was a significant risk factor (odds ratio = 5.9; CI95% = 1.7-19.8; p = 0.04) for disease in goats, but no variables associated with infection risks were identified in sheep. We concluded that SRLV was present in goats and sheep at the animal fair. Western blots were more sensitive than AGID for SRLV diagnosis. Practices aiming to improve sanitary management may reduce the risk of infection in goats. All studied herds included animals identified as seropositive for SRLV. Therefore, we recommend adopting measures that increase disease diagnosis while intensifying traffic control and surveillance of animal agglomerations.

scholarly journals Risk factors for preoperative and postoperative late seizure in supratentorial meningiomas

2019 ◽  
pp. 316-321
Author(s):  
Rahsan Kemerdere ◽  
Mehmet Yigit Akgun ◽  
Orkhan Alizada ◽  
Sureyya Toklu ◽  
Burak Tahmazoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Skull Base ◽  
Surgical Complications ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Seizure Outcome ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Introduction. Seizure following meningioma surgery is common and management may be challenging. Identifying risk factors may help physicians to initiate optimal medical management. The aim of this study is to report seizure outcome and risk factors for perioperative seizure. Materials and Methods. Sixty-three adult patients who underwent supratentorial meningioma resection were included, and perioperative data and long-term follow-up were provided in this retrospective study. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for perioperative seizure and postoperative late seizure. Results. The results showed that 20 (37.1 %) patients had preoperative seizure and 10 (50 %) patients were seizure free at the long-term follow-up. Absence of headache was associated with preoperative seizure (p=0.002) while presence of early seizure was significant predictor for postoperative late seizure (p=0.03). Although not significant, occurrence of surgical complications (p=0.08) and non-skull base location (p=0.06) tended toward being a significant risk factor for postoperative late seizure. Conclusion. Presence of early seizures, surgical complications and locations out of skull base may direct postoperative anti-epileptic treatment to decrease seizure incidence which, indeed, increases quality of life for patients with meningioma.

scholarly journals Prospective evaluation of early local complications of stoma and their risk factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3024
Author(s):  
Koustav Jana ◽  
Pritin Bera ◽  
Arunima Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Ujjwal Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Operative Time ◽  
Bowel Perforation ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Local Complications ◽  
Stomal Prolapse ◽  
Common Etiology ◽  
Term Data

Background: Bowel stoma namely ileostomy and colostomy are frequently performed procedure and often associated with complications. Aim of this study was to assess early local complications and association with any risk factors.Methods: A total of 99 patients undergoing ileostomy or colostomy were analysed prospectively over a period 18 months. Comorbidity, preoperative clinical data, operative time, local complications within 12 weeks and hospital stay were documented. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to find out any association.Results: Sixty-four ileostomies and 35 colostomies were analysed in our study. Median age was 55 years in both groups. Nontraumatic bowel perforation (42%) and colorectal malignancy (48.6%) were most common etiology for ileostomy and colostomy formation respectively.  64% of ileostomy and 68% of colostomy had one or more complications. Skin excoriation (31%) was most common complication in ileostomy group and it was stomal prolapse (17%) in colostomy group. Poor stoma care was prevalent in both groups. We found diabetes to have significant association with skin excoriation (p=0.002).Conclusions: Diabetes was identified as significant risk factor for skin excoriation in ileostomy group. Further long term data and larger population are needed for better evaluation of stomal complication and their risk factors.

scholarly journals Apparent Breed Predilection for Equid Herpesvirus-1-Associated Myeloencephalopathy (EHM) in a Multiple-Breed Herd

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 537
Author(s):  
Eva Klouth ◽  
Yury Zablotski ◽  
Lutz S. Goehring
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Herpesvirus Type ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Equid Herpesvirus ◽  
Herpesvirus 1 ◽  
Bayesian Logistic Regression ◽  
Age And Sex

Equid herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) causes several outbreaks of abortion and/or equid herpesvirus-associated myeloencephalopathy (EHM) worldwide each year. EHM is of great concern, as permanent neurological gait anomalies can leave a horse unfit for future use. The study assesses the risk factors associated with the occurrence of EHM. During an unmitigated outbreak, 141 adult horses/ponies of several distinct breeds were evaluated—using multiple Bayesian logistic regression calculating the odds ratios for breed, age, and sex. In total, 33 of the 141 horses showed signs of EHM. Fjord horses and warmblood horses were overrepresented among those developing EHM. The pony breeds, Welsh and Shetland ponies, were underrepresented. In addition, age and sex were not associated with the risk for EHM. The main limitation was that it was a retrospective analysis with some flaws of documentation. It can be concluded that breed was a significant risk factor for developing EHM during this outbreak.

Factors Associated with Healthy Ageing among Chinese Rural Empty Elderly Nesters and Future Focus of Health Services

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Fu ◽  
Yuhui Wang ◽  
Lanping He
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Future

Abstract Background Like most countries in the world, China is stepping into an aging society and Healthy aging (HA) faces great challenges. Chinese rural empty elderly nesters (CREEN) as the vulnerable groups of ageing populations, providing health services for CREEN needs more attention and guidance. Methods Using the method of logistic regression, four dimensions of HA among 618 respondents were separately analyzed based on the fifth public panel data of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Results 41.42% respondents met the recommended good physical health (PA), ‘being literate’, ‘expectation of receiving long-term care in the future from family’, and ‘good physical health of grown children’ were significant protective factors for PA. 83.17% respondents had good daily activity level, ‘aged under 60 years’ and ‘grown children being literate’ were significant protective factors while ‘CREEN once lived with grown children’ was a significant risk factor. 59.39% respondents had good psychological health, ‘Male sex’, ‘Expectations of receiving long-term care in the future’, and ‘Physical health of grown children’ were significant protective factors. 36.73% respondents met the corresponding criteria of good social participation, ‘aged under 60 years’ was a significant protective factor while ‘CREEN once lived with grown children’ was also a significant risk factor. Conclusions For the CREEN, social participation, physical health and psychological health should be the focus and direction of providing health services. One factor could have different influence on different aspects of HA among CREEN. When health services are provided for CREEN, the second focus should assess comprehensive impact and do the long-term observation. Providing health services for CREEN should not only focus on ‘What they have’ and ‘What they don’t have’, but also focus on ‘What they have and then lose’, especially factors associated with their grown children. Those points should be the future focus of health services for CREEN.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Nosocomial Infections in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Ingrid Rita Sitomorang ◽  
Herry Garna
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Nasogastric Tube ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
G 14

We report our study to determine factors associated with increased nosocomial infections in neonates hospitalized in NJCU, from January until December, 1992. A total number of 116 infants were studied, 68 (58.6%) of them were male, and 101 (87 .1 %) were less than 6 days old. Forty six infants (39.8%) had a birth weight of< 1500 g, 27 (23.3%) between 1500-1999 g, 14 (12.1%) between 2000-2499 g, 27 (23.2%) >2500 g, and 2 (1.7%) were unknown. A total number of64 infants (55.2%) had more than 1 infections, yielding 103 episodes of infection, giving an incidence of 88.8% infection rate. The significant risk factor for nosocomial infections was length of hospital stay. Age, birth weight, gestational age, APGAR scores, use of nasogastric tube or intravenous line, were not statistically significant risk factors. Use of nasogastric tube was associated with increased nosocomial gastroenteritis, compared with use of intravenous lines.

Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) Nasal Carriage in Residents of Veterans Affairs Long-Term Care Facilities: Role of Antimicrobial Exposure and MRSA Acquisition

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 551-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nimalie D. Stone ◽  
Donna R. Lewis ◽  
Theodore M. Johnson ◽  
Thomas Hartney ◽  
Doris Chandler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Veterans Affairs ◽  
Term Care

Objective.To identify risk factors associated with methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) acquisition in long-term care facility (LTCF) residents.Design.Multicenter, prospective cohort followed over 6 months.Setting.Three Veterans Affairs (VA) LTCFs.Participants.All current and new residents except those with short stay (<2 weeks).Methods.MRSA carriage was assessed by serial nares cultures and classified into 3 groups: persistent (all cultures positive), intermittent (at least 1 but not all cultures positive), and noncarrier (no cultures positive). MRSA acquisition was defined by an initial negative culture followed by more than 2 positive cultures with no subsequent negative cultures. Epidemiologic data were collected to identify risk factors, and MRSA isolates were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).Results.Among 412 residents at 3 LTCFs, overall MRSA prevalence was 58%, with similar distributions of carriage at all 3 facilities: 20% persistent, 39% intermittent, 41% noncarriers. Of 254 residents with an initial negative swab, 25 (10%) acquired MRSA over the 6 months; rates were similar at all 3 LTCFs, with no clusters evident. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that receipt of systemic antimicrobials during the study was the only significant risk factor for MRSA acquisition (odds ratio, 7.8 [95% confidence interval, 2.1–28.6];P= .002). MRSA strains from acquisitions were related by PFGE to those from a roommate in 9/25 (36%) cases; 6 of these 9 roommate sources were persistent carriers.Conclusions.MRSA colonization prevalence was high at 3 separate VA LTCFs. MRSA acquisition was strongly associated with antimicrobial exposure. Roommate sources were often persistent carriers, but transmission from roommates accounted for only approximately one-third of MRSA acquisitions.

Renal Failure after Coronary Bypass Surgery and the Associated Risk Factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 006
Author(s):  
Hasan Reyhanoglu ◽  
Kaan Ozcan ◽  
Murat Erturk ◽  
Fatih İslamoglu ◽  
İsa Durmaz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Factors Associated

<strong>Objective:</strong> We aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with acute renal failure in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery.<br /><strong>Methods:</strong> One hundred and six patients who developed renal failure after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) constituted the study group (RF group), while 110 patients who did not develop renal failure served as a control group <br />(C group). In addition, the RF group was divided into two subgroups: patients that were treated with conservative methods without the need for hemodialysis (NH group) and patients that required hemodialysis (HR group). Risk factors associated with renal failure were investigated.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> Among the 106 patients that developed renal failure (RF), 80 patients were treated with conservative methods without any need for hemodialysis (NH group); while <br />26 patients required hemodialysis in the postoperative period (HR group). The multivariate analysis showed that diabetes mellitus and the postoperative use of positive inotropes and adrenaline were significant risk factors associated with development of renal failure. In addition, carotid stenosis and postoperative use of adrenaline were found to be significant risk factors associated with hemodialysis-dependent renal failure (P &lt; .05). The mortality in the RF group was determined as 13.2%, while the mortality rate in patients who did not require hemodialysis and those who required hemodialysis was 6.2% and 34%, respectively.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Renal failure requiring hemodialysis after CABG often results in high morbidity and mortality. Factors affecting microcirculation and atherosclerosis, like diabetes mellitus, carotid artery stenosis, and postoperative vasopressor use remain the major risk factors for the development of renal failure.<br /><br />

scholarly journals Risk factors of poor prognosis and impairment of activities of daily living in patients with hemorrhagic gastroduodenal ulcers

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junya Arai ◽  
Jun Kato ◽  
Nobuo Toda ◽  
Ken Kurokawa ◽  
Chikako Shibata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Gastroduodenal Ulcers ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Abstract Background Impairment of activities of daily living (ADL) due to hemorrhagic gastroduodenal ulcers (HGU) has rarely been evaluated. We analyzed the risk factors of poor prognosis, including mortality and impairment of ADL, in patients with HGU. Methods In total, 582 patients diagnosed with HGU were retrospectively analyzed. Admission to a care facility or the need for home adaptations during hospitalization were defined as ADL decline. The clinical factors were evaluated: endoscopic features, need for interventional endoscopic procedures, comorbidities, symptoms, and medications. The risk factors of outcomes were examined with multivariate analysis. Results Advanced age (> 75 years) was a significant predictor of poor prognosis, including impairment of ADL. Additional significant risk factors were renal disease (odds ratio [OR] 3.43; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.44–8.14) for overall mortality, proton pump inhibitor (PPIs) usage prior to hemorrhage (OR 5.80; 95% CI 2.08–16.2), and heart disease (OR 3.05; 95% CI 1.11–8.43) for the impairment of ADL. Analysis of elderly (> 75 years) subjects alone also revealed that use of PPIs prior to hemorrhage was a significant predictor for the impairment of ADL (OR 8.24; 95% CI 2.36–28.7). Conclusion In addition to advanced age, the presence of comorbidities was a risk of poor outcomes in patients with HGU. PPI use prior to hemorrhage was a significant risk factor for the impairment of ADL, both in overall HGU patients and in elderly patients alone. These findings suggest that the current strategy for PPI use needs reconsideration.

scholarly journals Long-term survival after Carpentier-Edwards Perimount aortic valve replacement in Western Denmark: a multi-centre observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lytfi Krasniqi ◽  
Mads P. Kronby ◽  
Lars P. S. Riber
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve Replacement ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Valve Prosthesis ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract Background This study describes the long-term survival, risk of reoperation and clinical outcomes of patients undergoing solitary surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) with a Carpentier-Edwards Perimount (CE-P) bioprosthetic in Western Denmark. The renewed interest in SAVR is based on the questioning regarding the long-term survival since new aortic replacement technique such as transcatheter aortic-valve replacement (TAVR) probably have shorter durability, why assessment of long-term survival could be a key issue for patients. Methods From November 1999 to November 2013 a cohort of a total of 1604 patients with a median age of 73 years (IQR: 69–78) undergoing solitary SAVR with CE-P in Western Denmark was obtained November 2018 from the Western Danish Heart Registry (WDHR). The primary endpoint was long-term survival from all-cause mortality. Secondary endpoints were survival free from major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events (MACCE), risk of reoperation, cause of late death, patient-prothesis mismatch, risk of AMI, stroke, pacemaker or ICD implantation and postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF). Time-to-event analysis was performed with Kaplan-Meier curve, cumulative incidence function was performed with Nelson-Aalen cumulative hazard estimates. Cox regression was applied to detect risk factors for death and reoperation. Results In-hospital mortality was 2.7% and 30-day mortality at 3.4%. The 5-, 10- and 15-year survival from all-cause mortality was 77, 52 and 24%, respectively. Survival without MACCE was 80% after 10 years. Significant risk factors of mortality were small valves, smoking and EuroSCORE II ≥4%. The risk of reoperation was < 5% after 7.5 years and significant risk factors were valve prosthesis-patient mismatch and EuroSCORE II ≥4%. Conclusions Patients undergoing aortic valve replacement with a Carpentier-Edwards Perimount valve shows a very satisfying long-term survival. Future research should aim to investigate biological valves long-term durability for comparison of different SAVR to different TAVR in long perspective.

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