scholarly journals Characteristics of Herbal Medicine Users and Adverse Events Experienced in South Korea: A Survey Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soobin Jang ◽  
Kyeong Han Kim ◽  
Seung-Ho Sun ◽  
Ho-Yeon Go ◽  
Eun-Kyung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Digestive Disorders

Background. This survey aimed to investigate the characteristics of users and nonusers of herbal medicine and the adverse events experienced due to herbal medicines in South Korea. Methods. The questionnaire consisted of safety, using experience, using type, usage and nonusage reason, purchase location, and adverse events of herbal medicine. The survey was administered by online. Results. Of the total 1,134 respondents, 726 (64.0%) considered herbal medicine safe, and 693 (61.1%) answered that they have taken herbal medicines within the past year. Most common place to purchase them was “TKM hospital or clinic” (63.6%), and most participants (72.2%) took a decoction from a TKM institution. The biggest reason for taking them was for “health improvement” (57.3%), and the reasons for not using them was “medication not necessary” (63.7%). Among those who took herbal medicines, 46 experienced adverse events, and the most frequently reported symptoms were digestive disorders (52.2%). Of the 46 participants who experienced adverse events, 20 (43.5%) were treated by TKM doctors. Conclusions. This study suggests that regulation of herbal medicines is needed in order to resolve problems related to the safety of herbal medicines.

Patient Safety Culture in Emergency Departments of Yemeni Public Hospitals: A Survey Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alsabri ◽  
Mervat Abdulaziz AlGhallabi ◽  
Farouk Abdulrahman Al-Qadasi ◽  
Asma Abdullah Yahya Zeeherah ◽  
Adekemi Ebo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Safety Culture ◽  
Emergency Departments ◽  
Patient Safety Culture ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
The Past ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
University Degree

Introduction: Quality and safety is an important challenge in healthcare systems all over the world particularly in developing parts. Objective: This survey aimed to assess patient safety culture (PSC) in emergency departments (EDs) in Yemen and identify its associated factors. Methods: A questionnaire containing the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) was distributed to ED physicians, nurses, and clinical, and non-clinical staff at three public teaching general hospitals. The percentages of positive responses on the 12 patient safety dimensions and the summation of PSC and two outcomes (overall patient safety grade and adverse events reported in the past year) were assessed. Factors associated with PSC aggregate score were analyzed. Results: finally, out of 400 questionnaires, 250 (64%) were analyzed. In total, 207 (82.3%) participants were nurses and physicians; 140 (56.0%) were male; 134 (53.6%) were less than 30 years old; and 134 (53.6%) had a university degree. Participants provided the highest ratings for the “teamwork within units” PSC composite (67%). The lowest rating was for “non-punitive response to error” (21.3%). A total of 120 (48.1%) participants did not report any events in the past year and 99 (39.7%) gave their hospital an “excellent/very good” overall patient safety grade. There were significant differences between the hospitals’ EDs in the rating of “handoffs and transitions” (p=0.016), “teamwork within units” (p=0.018), and “frequency of adverse events reported” (p=0.016). Staff working in intensive care units (8.4%, n=21) had lower patient safety aggregate scores. Conclusions: PSC ratings appear to be low in Yemen. This study emphasizes the need to create and maintain a PSC in EDs through the implementation of quality improvement strategies and environment of transparency, open communications, and continuous learning.

Economic Voting in South Korea: Pocketbook or Sociotropic?

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
AIE-RIE LEE ◽  
YONG U. GLASURE
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Economic Voting ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Choices ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Voter Choice

AbstractUsing 2003 Asian Barometer Survey study data, this paper examines the economic voting model in the 2002 presidential election in South Korea. The core emphasis of the paper is on an investigation of the relative effects of different dimensions/scopes of economic evaluations on voting behavior, namely whether one form of assessment (e.g., pocketbook vs. sociotropic) can have similar consequences for electoral participation as others. The findings indicate that the overall economy is salient for Koreans to shape their political choices. In other words, voting behavior in Korea depends on how she or he thinks the national economy has been for the past five years. Also found is that voters’ perceptions of their own personal financial situations did not matter much as a predictor of voter choice.

scholarly journals Modernization Trends of Infertility Treatment of Traditional Korean Medicine

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jang-Kyung Park ◽  
Dong-Il Kim
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Implantation Rate ◽  
Infertility Treatment ◽  
Endometrial Receptivity ◽  
Traditional Korean Medicine ◽  
Korean Medicine ◽  
The Past

Despite the development of assisted reproductive technology (ART), it is difficult to increase the implantation rate. In Korea, Traditional Korean Medicine, including herbal medicine, is an important component of infertility treatment. Korean medical doctors who are treating infertility often use herbal medicine to promote implantation. In this article, as one of the research works on modernization of Traditional Korean Medicine, we investigated the experimental studies to clarify the effects of herbal medicines that are traditionally used to promote pregnancy. We searched for experimental studies over the past 10 years of improvement of endometrial receptivity in herbal medicine using six domestic and international sites. We analyzed 11 studies that meet the selection criteria. We found that herbal medicines demonstrably improved endometrial receptivity and increased pregnancy rates.

scholarly journals Current status and future perspective of external herbal dispensaries preparing traditional herbal medicine in South Korea: the first National-Wide Survey results

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-Hyun Sung ◽  
Ji-Eun Han ◽  
Ji-Yeon Ryu ◽  
Angela Dong-Min Sung ◽  
Jung-Youn Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Good Manufacture Practice ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
Basic Characteristics

Abstract Background An external herbal dispensary (EHD) is a type of pharmacy that provides various types of personalized herbal medicines (PHMs) to other traditional Korean medicine (TKM) institutions. Such dispensaries were legalized by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MoHW) in 2008 in South Korea. The purpose of this study is to understand the current status of the EHD facilities and their quality controls and compare them with the good manufacture practice (GMP) guidelines to contribute to the establishment of the safety and quality control criteria for PHMs. Methods We contacted 107 EHD representatives or people in charge of the preparation of PHMs (TKM pharmacists) and invited them to complete a survey questionnaire; of the total, 81 responded. The survey questionnaire was developed in 3 stages: drafting, revision by external experts, and final editing. It consisted of 20 questions covering 3 sections: basic characteristics of EHDs, facility, and quality control. The survey was hosted online from December 2017 to January 2018 as guided by the MoHW. Results The completion rate was 75.7% (n = 81). In terms of facilities, the five facilities (water supply, manufacture, pest control, hygiene management and warehousing) that corresponded to the legal requirements of EHD were mostly equipped, but the types of facilities and equipment differed. Two facilities (sterilization and cross-contamination that were not legally required for EHD were found to have mostly pharmacopuncture-EHD (P-EHD), but hardly any herbal medicine-EHD (H-EHD). In our findings regarding quality control of non-medicinal herbs, sensory evaluation that included checks for foreign bodies and deterioration were conducted. In terms of the quality control of herbal medicines, residual pesticides and heavy metals tests were performed and for pharmacopuncture, pH, salinity, sterility, and endotoxin tests along with gross examination were performed. In the end, we found that 6 of the 38 standard items as required by the Korea GMP were suitable. Conclusions In this study, detailed information for each existing EHD law was determined through a nationwide questionnaire. Moreover, the basis for its reflection in additional legal standards should be introduced so that safe herbal medicine can be prepared in EHDs.

scholarly journals Recent Analytical Method for Detection of Chemical Adulterants in Herbal Medicine

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6606
Author(s):  
Rimadani Pratiwi ◽  
Ratu Hanifa Fayza Dipadharma ◽  
Ishmat Jati Prayugo ◽  
Olivia Angelina Layandro
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
The Past ◽  
Synthetic Drug ◽  
Harmful Effects

Herbal medicine has become popular in recent years as an alternative medicine. The problem arises when herbal medicines contain an undeclared synthetic drug that is illegally added, since it is a natural product that does not contain any chemical drugs due to the potential cause of harmful effects. Supervision of herbal medicines is important to ensure that these herbal medicines are still safe to use. Thus, developing a reliable analytical technique for the determination of adulterated drugs in herbal medicine is gaining interest. This review aims to provide a recent analytical method that has been used within the past 5 years (2016–2021) for the determination of chemical adulterants in herbal medicine.

scholarly journals Gamma irradiation as suitable preservation method on herbal medicine: a review

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
S.W. Hadiati ◽  
H. Winarno ◽  
S. Pramono
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Chemical Constituent ◽  
The Past ◽  
Preservation Method ◽  
Food Sterilization ◽  
High Level

The trend of consuming herbal medicines has been increasing over the past three decades. No less than 80% of the world's population has used herbal medicines as a treatment. One of the problems in herbal medicine is the high level of microbial contamination caused by raw materials and production processes. Various attempts have been made to overcome these problems, one of them is the gamma irradiation method. Although irradiation has been widely used for food sterilization, the use of irradiation for sterilization on herbal medicines is still debated. It is because irradiation may affect the composition of active compounds of herbal medicines. This review aimed to discuss the applications of gamma irradiation for herbal medicines by emphasizing the chemical constituent stabilities of herbal medicines.

scholarly journals Herbal medicine: from the past to the future

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (4a) ◽  
pp. 447-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varro E Tyler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
The United States ◽  
Regulatory Environment ◽  
American People ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mainstream Medicine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Education Act

AbstractA brief discussion of the history of the use of herbal medicines from prehistoric times to the mid-twentieth century precedes an explanation of why usage of such remedies in the United States declined in the 1940s but returned to popularity in the 1980s. The provisions of the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 are presented together with its perceived influence, both positive and negative, on the health of the American people. Possible futures of herbal medicines are considered. The negative viewpoint that they will ultimately be rejected is refuted, and the more optimistic prediction that herbs are ultimately destined to become a part of mainstream medicine is defended. Stumbling blocks to such acceptance are evaluated and methods of overcoming them suggested. The urgent need for the development of a sensible regulatory environment encouraging the approval of botanicals as drugs is emphasized. After predicting a bright future for rational phytomedicines, the author opines that many of them will eventually play significant roles in medicinal practice.

scholarly journals Herbal Medicine for the Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Ang ◽  
Eunhye Song ◽  
Hye Won Lee ◽  
Myeong Soo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Western Medicine ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Disappearance Rate ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a worldwide outbreak of respiratory illness. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and adverse events of herbal medicines for the treatment of COVID-19. Methods: Twelve databases were searched through 12 May 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs assessing the effects of herbal medicines for the treatment of COVID-19 were eligible. The study selection and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used for the assessment of the risk of bias in all included RCTs. Mean differences (MDs), risk ratios (RRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and the effect sizes of the studies were pooled. Results: Seven RCTs with a total of 855 patients were included. All included trials compared the combined therapy of herbal medicine with Western medicine to Western medicine alone. The combined therapy significantly improved the total effective rate (RR 1.23, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.34, p < 0.001), cough symptom disappearance rate (RR 1.45, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.89, p = 0.005), and sputum production symptom disappearance rate (RR 1.73, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.50, p = 0.004). Beneficial effects of the combined therapy were also seen in TCM syndrome score of cough (MD −1.18, 95% CI −1.34 to −1.03, p < 0.001), fever (MD −0.62, 95% CI −0.79 to −0.45, p < 0.001), dry and sore throat (MD −0.83, 95% CI −1.45 to −0.20, p = 0.009), and fatigue (MD −0.60, 95% CI −1.04 to −0.17, p = 0.007). The overall risk of bias of the included studies was unclear. No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion: Significant effects of the combined therapy of herbal medicine with Western medicine were found, and revealed the potential role of herbal medicine in treating COVID-19. More high-quality RCTs are needed to further validate the effectiveness and adverse events of herbal medicine in the treatment of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Best Available Evidence in Cochrane Reviews on Herbal Medicine?

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elyad Davidson ◽  
Julia Vlachojannis ◽  
Melainie Cameron ◽  
Sigrun Chrubasik
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Final Word ◽  
Intervention Effects ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Cochrane Reviews

Cochrane reviews are considered by many to be the “gold standard” or the final word in medical conversation on a topic. We explored the eleven most relevant Cochrane reviews on herbal medicine and identified that frequently herbal medicines in the included studies had not been sufficiently well characterised. If data on the effects of the plant parts are unavailable, effects of co-active ingredients need to be considered and the plausibility of the study medications for the specific indications discussed. Effect sizes calculated from exploratory studies would be best used to determine the sample sizes required for future confirmatory studies, rather than as definitive reports of intervention effects. Reviews should be comprehensive, including discussion of putative adverse events and possible drug interactions. We suggest that the guidelines for preparing Cochrane reviews be revised and offer assistance in this task.

scholarly journals Plastid Phylogenomic Data Offers Novel Insights Into the Taxonomic Status of the Trichosanthes kirilowii Complex (Cucurbitaceae) in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inkyu Park ◽  
Jun-Ho Song ◽  
Sungyu Yang ◽  
Sungwook Chae ◽  
Byeong Cheol Moon
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Plastid Genomes ◽  
Trichosanthes Kirilowii ◽  
Independent Species

Trichosanthes is a genus in Cucurbitaceae comprising 90–100 species. Trichosanthes species are valuable as herbaceous medicinal ingredients. The fruits, seeds, and roots of species such as T. kirilowii and T. rosthornii are used in Korean traditional herbal medicines. T. rosthornii is only found in China, whereas in South Korea two varieties, T. kirilowii var. kirilowii and T. kirilowii var. japonica, are distributed. T. kirilowii var. kirilowii and T. kirilowii var. japonica have different fruit and leaf shapes but are recognized as belonging to the same species. Furthermore, although its members have herbal medicine applications, genomic information of the genus is still limited. The broad goals of this study were (i) to evaluate the taxonomy of Trichosanthes using plastid phylogenomic data and (ii) provide molecular markers specific for T. kirilowii var. kirilowii and T. kirilowii var. japonica, as these have differences in their pharmacological effectiveness and thus should not be confused and adulterated. Comparison of five Trichosanthes plastid genomes revealed locally divergent regions, mainly within intergenic spacer regions (trnT-UGU–trnL-UAA: marker name Tri, rrn4.5–rrn5: TRr, trnE-UUC–trnT-GGU: TRtt). Using these three markers as DNA-barcodes for important herbal medicine species in Trichosanthes, the identity of Trichosanthes material in commercial medicinal products in South Korea could be successfully determined. Phylogenetic analysis of the five Trichosanthes species revealed that the species are clustered within tribe Sicyoeae. T. kirilowii var. kirilowii and T. rosthornii formed a clade with T. kirilowii var. japonica as their sister group. As T. kirilowii in its current circumscription is paraphyletic and as the two varieties can be readily distinguished morphologically (e.g., in leaf shape), T. kirilowii var. japonica should be treated (again) as an independent species, T. japonica.

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