scholarly journals Multiclinic Observations on the Simplified Diet in PKU

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie Bernstein ◽  
Casey Burns ◽  
Melissa Sailer-Hammons ◽  
Angela Kurtz ◽  
Frances Rohr
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Inborn Error ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Inborn Error Of Metabolism ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Alternative Approach

Phenylketonuria is an inborn error of metabolism that historically has been treated with a strict phenylalanine-restricted diet where all foods are weighed and measured. This is cumbersome and difficult for patients and caregivers, especially patients with high phenylalanine blood concentrations who often have neurocognitive deficits. The Simplified Diet is an alternative approach that allows for increased flexibility, promotes healthy food choices, and is easier to manage than a traditional diet for PKU. This paper describes the implementation of the Simplified Diet and outlines education, counseling strategies, and challenges encountered by three metabolic clinics in the United States.

Better Possible Self or Better Other? Gender Affects Who is More Inspirational

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-203
Author(s):  
Youngjee Han ◽  
Myungwoo Nam
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Grocery Shopping ◽  
Comparison Standard ◽  
Self Construal

We proposed that women would be more likely to be motivated to become a better person by comparing themselves to a better other whereas men would be more likely to be inspired by comparison to a better possible self. In Study 1, conducted with 150 participants in the United States, the results demonstrated that female participants who were asked to think about another person who was physically fit were more likely to make healthy food choices when grocery shopping than were those who were asked to think about themselves as someone who was physically fit. Conversely, male participants were more likely to choose healthy food options when shopping after they had been asked to think about a better possible self rather than a better other. In Study 2, conducted with 172 participants in South Korea, we replicated the findings from Study 1 in relation to the goal of speaking fluent English. Our findings suggest that when there is a fit between self-construal orientation and type of comparison standard, individuals are more likely to be motivated to pursue their goals.

scholarly journals Food Bank Donations in the United States: A Landscape Review of Federal Policies

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3764
Author(s):  
Katelin M. Hudak ◽  
Emily Friedman ◽  
Joelle Johnson ◽  
Sara E. Benjamin-Neelon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Food System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Food Banks ◽  
Food Bank ◽  
Federal Policies ◽  
Food And Beverage

Rates of food insecurity have increased substantially in the United States (US), and more families are turning to the charitable food system to help meet their needs. Prior studies have examined the nutritional quality of foods offered through food banks, but little is known about what government policies may shape the healthy food donation landscape. The purpose of this study was to review US federal policies that impact food and beverage donations to food banks and assess whether policies encourage healthy food donations. In spring 2020, two researchers independently reviewed federal food and beverage donation policies using predefined search terms in two legal databases. We identified six categories of policies based on the existing food donation literature and themes that emerged in the policy review. We identified 42 federal policies spanning six categories that addressed food and beverage donations to food banks. The largest category was “government programs,” with 19 (45%) policies. The next largest category was “donation via schools,” with 12 (29%) policies. However, no policies specifically addressed the nutritional quality of food donations. There is an opportunity for the federal government to strengthen food bank donation policies and improve the nutritional quality of donated foods and beverages.

scholarly journals Examining Second Graders’ Healthy Food Choices: Through Literacy and Active Learning

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117863881983906
Author(s):  
Elsie Lindy Olan ◽  
Laurie O. Campbell ◽  
Shiva Jahani
Keyword(s):  
Active Learning ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Second Graders ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Literacy Environment ◽  
Second Grade Students ◽  
Alternative Approach

The purpose of this study was to investigate the implementation of a nutrition module and activities ( Go, Slow, Whoa) in a literacy environment through an active learning approach. Second graders (N = 85) from diverse socioeconomic status (SES) areas completed the 12-week program. The participants’ perceptions of healthy food choices were measured both pre- and post-intervention. Students met for 30 minutes twice a week, to complete 5-lessons from a Coordinated Approach to Child Health ( CATCH) nutrition module and activities ( Go, Slow, Whoa). Measures were taken both pre- and post-intervention ( Food Fury Quiz) to distinguishing between healthy and unhealthy foods (images). There was a statistically significant improvement ( t = 12.16, df =84, P = .000) from pretest ( M = 19.06, SD = 3.13) and posttest ( M = 23.34, SD = 0.48) scores. Administering a healthy food choice curriculum through literacy and active learning provides an alternative approach to improving health knowledge among second grade students.

Evidence-Based Approach to Healthy Food Choices for Hispanic Women

2020 ◽  
pp. 154041532092147
Author(s):  
Beth A. McVey ◽  
Raul Lopez ◽  
Blanca Iris Padilla
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Hispanic Women ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Culturally Sensitive ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Obesity Status

Obesity rates have reached epidemic proportions in the United States and Hispanic women, particularly Mexican American women, are disproportionately affected. This quality improvement project, which took place at a clinic in East Los Angeles, California, implemented body mass index calculation, an eight-item starting the conversation (STC) tool, and culturally sensitive nutrition education in an effort to change the overweight/obesity status of these women. There were 36 female Hispanic patients who participated in this study. There was a significant decrease in body mass index percentile from pre implementation to 2-months post implementation. The total STC score decreased significantly from pre implementation to 2-months post implementation, indicating a positive change in dietary behavior. Dietary screening and intervention tools can assist health care providers with early identification of overweight/obesity status and prevention of overweight/obesity-related diseases. The STC tool will allow the health care provider to start the conversation about healthy food choices and provide for further culturally sensitive nutrition education.

Eating behaviors in sailors of the United States Navy: Meal-to-sleep intervals

2020 ◽  
pp. 026010602096087
Author(s):  
Nita Lewis Shattuck ◽  
Panagiotis Matsangas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Navy ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Work Hours ◽  
Dietary Behaviors ◽  
Sleep Disruption ◽  
Interval Duration ◽  
Field Assessment

Background: Due to their long workdays and erratic watch schedules, sailors on United States Navy (USN) ships often eat meals close to their bedtime, which may contribute to sleep disruption. Aim: To assess the duration of meal-to-sleep (M-S) intervals in relation to timing of sailor workdays and watch schedules. Methods: Longitudinal field assessment of USN sailors performing their underway duties ( N = 234). Participants completed questionnaires, wore actigraphs, and completed activity logs. Results: Approximately 35% of M-S intervals were <3 h in duration. M-S interval duration was associated with watchstanding status ( p < 0.001) and the number of sections in the watchstanding schedule ( p < 0.001). Sailors on the two-section watch schedule had, on average, the shortest M-S intervals (55 min) compared to sailors on three- or four-section watchbills (∼4 h) and to non-watchstanders (4.85 h). Conclusion: Sailors on two-section watchbills often eat quite close to bedtime. To provide appropriate recommendations regarding healthy dietary patterns, we will continue assessing dietary behaviors and food choices of sailors while underway, especially as they relate to sailor work hours, circadian rhythms, and sleep practices.

Book Reviews

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-246
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Real World ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The United States ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Many

Roger H. Gordon of University of California, San Diego reviews “The Rise of the Value-Added Tax”, by Kathryn James. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Explores the evolution of the value-added tax (VAT) from relative obscurity to one of the world's most dominant revenue systems, why countries have adopted the VAT, and why different countries adopt different types of VAT. Discusses the rise of the value-added tax; an introduction to the good VAT; an introduction to the many real VATs in existence; the conventional approach to explaining the rise of the VAT; moving toward an alternative approach to explaining the rise of the VAT; case studies on the real-world challenges of VAT reform in Australia and the United States; and conclusions on the rise of the value-added tax.”

The balance principle and the Reynolds transport theorem in introductory fluid mechanics

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-209
Author(s):  
Donald D Gray ◽  
Wade W Huebsch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
The United States ◽  
Balance Principle ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Finite Control ◽  
Transport Theorem ◽  
Volume Equations

This paper traces the evolution of the use of the Reynolds transport theorem to derive finite control volume equations for mass, momentum, and energy in introductory engineering fluid mechanics textbooks used in the United States. The paper demonstrates the superior merits of an alternative approach using the balance principle. The balance principle is easier to teach, to understand, and to apply in more complex situations. It better prepares students to understand the derivation of the partial differential equations of fluid mechanics and the finite volume equations of computational fluid dynamics. For these reasons, instructors should consider using the balance principle instead of (or at minimum in addition to) the Reynolds transport theorem in introductory fluid mechanics courses.

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