scholarly journals The Association between Bone Quality and Atherosclerosis: Results from Two Large Population-Based Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Lange ◽  
M. Dörr ◽  
U. Schminke ◽  
H. Völzke ◽  
M. Nauck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Increased Risk

Objective. It is highly debated whether associations between osteoporosis and atherosclerosis are independent of cardiovascular risk factors. We aimed to explore the associations between quantitative ultrasound (QUS) parameters at the heel with the carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), the presence of carotid artery plaques, and the ankle-brachial index (ABI). Methods. The study population comprised 5680 men and women aged 20–93 years from two population-based cohort studies: Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) and SHIP-Trend. QUS measurements were performed at the heel. The extracranial carotid arteries were examined with B-mode ultrasonography. ABI was measured in a subgroup of 3853 participants. Analyses of variance and linear and logistic regression models were calculated and adjusted for major cardiovascular risk factors. Results. Men but not women had significantly increased odds for carotid artery plaques with decreasing QUS parameters independent of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Beyond this, the QUS parameters were not significantly associated with IMT or ABI in fully adjusted models. Conclusions. Our data argue against an independent role of bone metabolism in atherosclerotic changes in women. Yet, in men, associations with advanced atherosclerosis, exist. Thus, men presenting with clinical signs of osteoporosis may be at increased risk for atherosclerotic disease.

Migraine is not associated with enhanced atherosclerosis

Cephalalgia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anine H Stam ◽  
Claudia M Weller ◽  
A Cecile JW Janssens ◽  
Yurii S Aulchenko ◽  
Ben A Oostra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Increased Risk

Aim Migraine, in particular with aura, has been associated with an increased risk for ischemic stroke and coronary heart disease. The underlying mechanism is unknown. In a cross-sectional case control study we investigated whether an enhanced risk of atherosclerosis in migraineurs explains this increased cardiovascular risk. Methods Subjects were participants from the population-based Erasmus Rucphen Family study. Atherosclerosis was assessed in 360 migraineurs (209 without aura and 151 with aura) and 617 subjects without migraine or severe headache. Atherosclerosis was quantified by intima media thickness, pulse wave velocity and ankle-brachial index. Results Migraineurs, especially with aura, were found more likely to smoke, have diabetes or a modestly decreased HDL-cholesterol. No differences were found for the atherosclerosis parameters. Conclusion In this large population-based study, migraineurs have no increased risk of atherosclerosis. Therefore, enhanced atherosclerosis is an unlikely explanation for the increased cardiovascular risk seen in migraineurs.

Lacune and Large Perivascular Space: Two Kinds of Cavities Are of Different Risk Factors and Stroke Risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 522-530
Author(s):  
Jiangtao Zhang ◽  
Fei Han ◽  
Xinyu Liang ◽  
Mingli Li ◽  
Dingding Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Carrier Status ◽  
Perivascular Spaces ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Study Participants

<b><i>Background and Purpose:</i></b> To compare the risk factors and risk of stroke between lacune and large perivascular spaces (PVSs) in a community-based sample. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Large PVSs were assessed using 3.0T MRI in a population-based cohort consisting of 1,204 participants. The relationship between cardiovascular risk factors, neuroimaging changes, and incidental stroke risk and the presence of lacune or large PVSs was assessed with univariate and multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 1,204 study participants (55.7 ± 9.3 years, 37.0% men), a total of 347 large PVSs were detected in 235 (19.5%) subjects, while a total of 219 lacunes were detected in 183 subjects (15.2%). The presence of lacunes was found to be significantly associated with age, male gender, hypertension, and diabetes, whereas only age (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01) and ApoEε4 carrier status (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01) were related to the presence of large PVSs. Those who had lacunes detected on MRI at baseline had a significant increased risk of stroke (hazard ratio [HR] 4.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15–19.07) during the 3-year follow-up independent of age, gender, and other vascular risk factors. However, there was no significant relationship between the presence of large PVSs and incident stroke (HR 3.84; 95% CI, 0.82–18.04). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The lack of association between large PVSs and cardiovascular risk factors or risk of stroke indicated a nonvascular pathogenic mechanism underlying large PVSs, suggesting the importance of distinguishing large PVSs from lacunes in clinical practice.

The Effects of an Intensive Lifestyle Modification Program on Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness: A Randomized Trial

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 510-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven G. Aldana ◽  
Roger Greenlaw ◽  
Audrey Salberg ◽  
Ray M. Merrill ◽  
Ron Hager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Number Of Patients

Purpose. This study evaluated the effect of the Dr. Dean Ornish Program for Reversing Heart Disease on cardiovascular disease as measured by the intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery and compared this effect to outcomes from patients participating in traditional cardiac rehabilitation. Design. Randomized clinical trial. Setting. SwedishAmerican Health System. Subjects. Ninety three patients with clinically confirmed coronary artery disease were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 46) or traditional cardiac rehabilitation (n = 47). Intervention. Dr. Dean Ornish Program for Reversing Heart Disease. Measures. Ultrasound of the carotid artery and other cardiovascular risk factors were measured at baseline, 6, and 12 months. Analysis. Intent-to-treat analysis. Results. There was no significant reduction in the carotid intima-media thickness of the carotid artery in the Ornish group or the cardiac rehabilitation group. Ornish Program participants had significantly improved dietary habits (p < .001), weight (p < .001), and body mass index (p < .001) as compared with the rehabilitation group. The decrease in the number of patients with angina from baseline to 12 months was 44% in Ornish and 12% in cardiac rehabilitation. Conclusions. The Ornish Program appears to causes improvements in cardiovascular risk factors but does not appear to change the atherosclerotic process as it affects the carotid artery.

scholarly journals Revisiting the Association Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Diabetes

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 770-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyeongra Yang ◽  
Eileen R. Chasens ◽  
Susan M. Sereika ◽  
Lora E. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Large Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Increased Risk

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the association between cardiovascular risk factors and the presence of diabetes in a large population-level dataset. Methods A secondary analysis was conducted using data from the 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a population-based survey (n = 403,137) conducted in the United States. Results The majority of the respondents were middle-aged and overweight. Approximately half of the sample reported little or no physical activity. Estimates from a logistic regression model for a weighted sample of white, black, and Hispanic adults revealed that having hypertension or elevated cholesterol was a strong predictor of diabetes even when controlling for age, gender, race, education, income, body mass index, smoking status, and physical activity. Conclusions The results confirmed the importance of diabetes educators counseling patients with hypertension or hypercholesterolemia about their increased risk for developing diabetes.

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