scholarly journals Decreased Spontaneous Electrical Activity and Acetylcholine at Myofascial Trigger Spots after Dry Needling Treatment: A Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-Guang Liu ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
Qiang-Min Huang ◽  
Thi-Tham Nguyen ◽  
Yan-Tao Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Acetylcholine Receptor ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Dry Needling ◽  
Spontaneous Electrical Activity ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Electrical Activities

Objective. The aims of this study are to investigate the changes in spontaneous electrical activities (SEAs) and in acetylcholine (ACh), acetylcholine receptor (AChR), and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) levels after dry needling at myofascial trigger spots in model rats.Materials and Methods. Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. Thirty-six rats were assigned to three model groups, which underwent MTrSs modeling intervention. Twelve rats were assigned to the blank control (BC) group. After model construction, the 36 model rats were randomly subdivided into three groups according to treatment: MTrSs model control (MC) and two dry needling groups. One dry needling group received puncturing at MTrSs (DN-M), whereas the other underwent puncturing at non-MTrSs (DN-nM). Dry needling treatment will last for two weeks, once a week. SEAs and ACh, AChR, and AChE levels were measured after one-week rest of dry needling treatment.Results. The amplitudes and frequencies of endplate noise (EPN) and endplate spike (EPS) significantly decreased after dry needling treatment in the DN-M group. Moreover, ACh and AChR levels significantly decreased, whereas AChE significantly increased after dry needling treatment in the DN-M group.Conclusion. Dry needling at the exact MTrSs is more effective than dry needling at non-MTrSs.

Regional effect of naltrexone in the nucleus of the solitary tract in blockade of NPY-induced feeding

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (2) ◽  
pp. R499-R503 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Kotz ◽  
M. J. Glass ◽  
A. S. Levine ◽  
C. J. Billington
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Paraventricular Nucleus ◽  
Opioid Receptors ◽  
The Other ◽  
Solitary Tract ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Regional Effect ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Artificial Cerebrospinal Fluid

Naltrexone (NLTX) in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) decreases feeding induced by neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). We sought to determine the NTS region most sensitive to NLTX blockade of PVN NPY-induced feeding. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fitted with two cannulas; one in the PVN and one in a hindbrain region: caudal, medial, or rostral NTS or 1 mm outside the NTS. Animals received NLTX (0, 1, 3, 10, and 30 μg in 0.3 μl) into the hindbrain region just prior to PVN NPY (0.5 μg, 0.3 μl) or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (0.3 μl). Food intake was measured at 2 h following injection. PVN NPY stimulated feeding, and NLTX in the medial NTS significantly decreased NPY-induced feeding at 2 h, whereas administration of NLTX in the other hindbrain regions did not significantly influence PVN NPY induced feeding. These data suggest that opioid receptors in the medial NTS are most responsive to feeding signals originating in the PVN after NPY stimulation.

EXCRETION OF CATECHOL AMINES BY WHITE RATS IN THE COLD

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine C. Smith ◽  
L.-P. Dugal
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Catechol Amines ◽  
Sustained Increase

Exposure of white rats to 2 °C for 20 weeks caused an immediate and sustained increase in the excretion of catechol amines as compared to controls kept at 23 °C. Adrenaline excretion increased approximately three to four times while noradrenaline excretion increased about eight times. There were no marked differences between Wistar and Sprague–Dawley rats in the amounts of adrenaline and noradrenaline excreted at 23 °C or 2 °C. 'Old' rats kept in activity cages excreted much more of the catechol amines both at 23 °C and 2 °C than did the other rats and they showed a peak for adrenaline excretion after 1 week and for noradrenaline excretion after 3 to 4 weeks in the cold.

Protective and defensive airway reflexes evoked by nasal exposure to wood smoke in anesthetized rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 863-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-Y. Ho ◽  
Y. R. Kou
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wood Smoke ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
C Fibers ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Nasal Application ◽  
Airway Responses ◽  
Saline Vehicle

We investigated the airway responses evoked by nasal wood smoke in anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats. Wood smoke (5 ml, 1.4 ml/s) was delivered into an isolated nasal cavity while animals breathed spontaneously. In study 1, nasal wood smoke triggered either an apneic response ( n = 26) or a sniff-like response ( n = 16) within 1 s after smoke exposure in 42 normal rats. Both airway responses were abolished by trigeminal nerve denervation and by nasal application of a local anesthetic or a hydroxyl radical scavenger, but they were not significantly affected by removal of smoke particulates or nasal application of a saline vehicle. In study 2, nasal wood smoke only triggered a mild apneic response in two rats neonatally treated with capsaicin and had no effect on breathing in the other six; the treatment is known to chronically ablate C fibers and some Aδ fibers. In contrast, nasal wood smoke evoked an apneic response in six rats neonatally treated with the vehicle of capsaicin and elicited a sniff-like response in the other two. These results suggest that the apneic and sniff-like responses evoked by nasal wood smoke result from the stimulation of trigeminal nasal C-fiber and Aδ-fiber afferents by the gas-phase smoke and that hydroxyl radical is the triggering chemical factor.

Involvement of CB1-receptors and β-adrenoceptors in the regional hemodynamic responses to lipopolysaccharide infusion in conscious rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (5) ◽  
pp. H2280-H2288 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Gardiner ◽  
J. E. March ◽  
P. A. Kemp ◽  
T. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cb1 Receptors ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Hemodynamic Responses ◽  
Adrenoceptor Antagonist ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Chronic Model ◽  
Vasodilator Action

A possible involvement of endocannabinoids in a chronic model of endotoxemia was assessed by measuring the regional (renal, mesenteric, hindquarters) hemodynamic responses to continuous 24-h LPS infusion (150 μg·kg−1·h−1) in conscious, male Sprague-Dawley rats, in the absence or presence of the cannabinoid (CB1) receptor antagonist AM-251 (3 mg/kg). AM-251 inhibited the tachycardic and hindquarters vasodilator effects of LPS, but did not influence the other hemodynamic changes. In subsequent experiments, it was shown that the tachycardic and hindquarters vasodilator effects of LPS were also inhibited by the nonselective β-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol. In addition, the late (at 24 h) hindquarters vasodilator effects of LPS were inhibited by the β2-adrenoceptor antagonist ICI-118551. Against the background of our previous work showing β-adrenoceptor involvement in the cardiovascular effects of exogenous cannabinoids, we conclude that AM-251 may have been inhibiting endocannabinoid-modulated, sympathoadrenal-mediated activation of vasodilator β-adrenoceptors in LPS-infused rats rather than suppressing a direct vasodilator action of endocannabinoids.

scholarly journals The importance of aminoguanidine and methylprednisolone administration in lung contusion after chest trauma

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-510
Author(s):  
Fatih ÇALIŞKAN ◽  
Hızır Ufuk AKDEMİR ◽  
Celal KATI ◽  
Latif DURAN ◽  
Tolga GÜVENÇ
Keyword(s):  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pulmonary Contusion ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
All Treatment

This study aims to evaluate the effect of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of aminoguanidine and metylprednisolone (MP) on lung tissue in a pulmonary contusion model of rats and evaluate whether their combined use improves treatment efficacy. This study included 35 female Sprague Dawley rats weighing 250-300 grams. The rats were divided into five groups as following: Sham; Pulmonary Contusion (PC); PC+MP, PC group treated with i.p methylprednisolone; PC+AG, PC group treated with i.p Aminoguanidine; and PC+AG+MP, PC group treated with Aminoguanidine and methylprednisolone. Each group had seven animals. Blood and lung tissues were studied biochemically and histopathologically. When compared groups according to serum levels of biomarkers, serum YKL-40, nitrate-nitrite, catalase, and TBARS levels were significant different. Serum YKL-40 levels were decreased after treatments in three groups. The serum YKL-40 levels in PC+AG group were lower than the other treatment groups, especially compared to PC + MP (p=0.028). Serum nitrate-nitrite levels were decreased in all treatment groups (PC+MP, PC+AG and PC+MP+AG). The lowest levels were measured in PC+MP+AG; but there was no statistically significant difference compared to PC group (p>0.05). Serum catalase levels were increased in all treatment groups. The higher levels were measured in PC+MP+AG than the other single treatment groups; however, PC+MP+AG and PC+MP were statistically significant different compared to PC group (p=0.001 and p=0.002 respectively). Serum TBARS levels were decreased in all treatment groups compared to Sham group (p<0.001) and PC group (p<0.001). The lowest levels were measured in PC+MP+AG compared to PC group (p<0.001). Histopathologic and immunohistochemical staining scores were decreased at all the treatment groups, especially PC+MP+AG. We suggest the use of combined treatment of methylprednisolone and aminoguanidine for the treatment of pulmonary contusion.

scholarly journals Evaluating the In Vivo Specificity of [18F]UCB-H for the SV2A Protein, Compared with SV2B and SV2C in Rats Using microPET

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elisa Serrano ◽  
Guillaume Becker ◽  
Mohamed Ali Bahri ◽  
Alain Seret ◽  
Nathalie Mestdagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Vesicle ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Input Function ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Logan Plot ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Inferior Colliculi

The synaptic vesicle protein 2 (SV2) is involved in synaptic vesicle trafficking. The SV2A isoform is the most studied and its implication in epilepsy therapy led to the development of the first SV2A PET radiotracer [18F]UCB-H. The objective of this study was to evaluate in vivo, using microPET in rats, the specificity of [18F]UCB-H for SV2 isoform A in comparison with the other two isoforms (B and C) through a blocking assay. Twenty Sprague Dawley rats were pre-treated either with the vehicle, or with specific competitors against SV2A (levetiracetam), SV2B (UCB5203) and SV2C (UCB0949). The distribution volume (Vt, Logan plot, t* 15 min) was obtained with a population-based input function. The Vt analysis for the entire brain showed statistically significant differences between the levetiracetam group and the other groups (p < 0.001), but also between the vehicle and the SV2B group (p < 0.05). An in-depth Vt analysis conducted for eight relevant brain structures confirmed the statistically significant differences between the levetiracetam group and the other groups (p < 0.001) and highlighted the superior and the inferior colliculi along with the cortex as regions also displaying statistically significant differences between the vehicle and SV2B groups (p < 0.05). These results emphasize the in vivo specificity of [18F]UCB-H for SV2A against SV2B and SV2C, confirming that [18F]UCB-H is a suitable radiotracer for in vivo imaging of the SV2A proteins with PET.

EFFECT OF CALCITONIN ON THE REGENERATION OF A CIRCUMSCRIBED BONE DEFECT (BORED HOLE IN THE RAT TIBIA)

1972 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ziegler ◽  
G. Delling
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Calcitonin Treatment ◽  
Rat Tibia ◽  
Original Size ◽  
Tetracycline Labelling

ABSTRACT In 20 intact and 20 parathyroidectomized female Sprague-Dawley rats, holes with a diameter of 1.8 mm were bored into the proximal third of the tibia. Half the animals served as controls and received the vehicle, the remainder received daily subcutaneous injections of 100 MRCmU calcitonin in 5 % gelatin. Tetracycline labelling was performed weekly. 5 animals from each group were sacrificed after 3 weeks, the other 5 after 6 weeks. Nondecalcified ground sections through the center of the holes were evaluated with an integration ocular; the surface of the newly formed bone was compared with the original size of the defect. The course of the regeneration for the control animals was in agreement with previous data in the literature. Calcitonin treatment produced a distinct acceleration of the healing process. Presumably, the hormone does not only act via inhibition of bone resorption, but also by stimulating the activity of osteoblasts and by increasing the mineralization of the osteoid seams.

scholarly journals Effects of cigarette smoke on Haemophilus influenzae-induced otitis media in a rat model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Won Choi ◽  
Sunmi Choi ◽  
Eun-Jin Kang ◽  
Hyun Min Lee ◽  
Se-Joon Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Group Control

AbstractExposure to cigarette smoke (CS) is a factor that could delay or worsen the recovery of otitis media (OM) by causing inflammatory swelling of the Eustachian tube (ET). However, despite the suggested relationship, little is known about the association between OM and CS. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effects of CS on the development, progression, and recovery of OM, as well as the histological and molecular changes caused by CS exposure, by using a rat model of OM infected with non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). Eighty Sprague–Dawley rats with normal middle ears (MEs) were divided into four groups (n = 20 rats/group): control, CS, OM, and CS + OM. The CS and CS + OM groups were exposed to CS for 2 weeks. The inflammatory reaction to NTHi was more intense and lasted longer in the CS + OM group than in the other groups. Goblet cell proliferation and mucus secretion in the ET were more significant in the CS and CS + OM groups than in the other groups. These findings suggested that because CS directly affects the ET and ME mucosa, bacterial OM can become more severe and may resolve more slowly in the presence of CS exposure rather than in its absence.

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