scholarly journals Simulation of Pedestrian Behavior in the Collision-Avoidance Process considering Their Moving Preferences

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhilu Yuan ◽  
Hongfei Jia ◽  
Linfeng Zhang ◽  
Lei Bian
Keyword(s):  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Hand Preference ◽  
The Self ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Potential Conflict ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
Self Organizing

Walking habits can affect the self-organizing movement in pedestrian flow. In China, pedestrians prefer to walk along the right-hand side in the collision-avoidance process, and the same is true for the left-hand preference that is followed in several countries. Through experiments with pedestrian flow, we find that the relative position between pedestrians can affect their moving preferences. We propose a kind of collision-avoidance force based on the social force model, which considers the predictions of potential conflict and the relative position between pedestrians. In the simulation, we use the improved model to explore the effect of moving preference on the collision-avoidance process and self-organizing pedestrian movement. We conclude that the improved model can bring the simulation closer to reality and that moving preference is conducive to the self-adjustment of counterflow.

The Research of Pedestrian Overtaking Model in Urban Rail Channel

2015 ◽  
Vol 744-746 ◽  
pp. 1843-1847
Author(s):  
Yu Shang Fan ◽  
Xiang Yong Yin ◽  
Rui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Force Model ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Service Levels ◽  
Traffic Capacity ◽  
Urban Rail ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pedestrian Travel ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
Flow Cross

During walking, there exist many passageways that make pedestrian flow cross or walk in the other line, resulting in a mixture of pedestrian flow feature in pedestrian area and affecting the pedestrian travel time, traffic capacity and service levels of interwoven region. To solve this problem, this paper establishes the model of pedestrians beyond of basing on the social force model which is on the basis of the traditional model. With the aid of MATAB software, though the comparison of pedestrian passing time in urban rail channel, we verified the improved model in this paper is superior to the previous model and more realistic.

scholarly journals Speed modulated social influence in evacuating pedestrian crowds

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Rin Lindsay Lee ◽  
Abhishek Bhatia ◽  
Jenny Brynjarsdóttir ◽  
Nicole Abaid ◽  
Alethea Barbaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Confined Space ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Deviation Rate

Evacuation is a complex social phenomenon with individuals tending to exit a confined space as soon as possible. Social factors that influence an individual include collision avoidance and conformity with others with respect to the tendency to exit. While collision avoidance has been heavily focused on by the agent-based models used frequently to simulate evacuation scenarios, these models typically assume that all agents have an equal desire to exit the scene in a given situation. It is more likely that, out of those who are exiting, some are patient while others seek to exit as soon as possible. Here, we experimentally investigate the effect of different proportions of patient (no-rush) versus impatient (rush) individuals in an evacuating crowd of up to 24 people. Our results show that a) average speed changes significantly for individuals who otherwise tended to rush (or not rush) with both type of individuals speeding up in the presence of the other; and b) deviation rate, defined as the amount of turning, changes significantly for the rush individuals in the presence of no-rush individuals. We then seek to replicate this effect with Helbing's social force model with the twin purposes of analyzing how well the model fits experimental data, and explaining the differences in speed in terms of model parameters. We find that we must change the interaction parameters for both rush and no-rush agents depending on the condition that we are modeling in order to fit the model to the experimental data.

scholarly journals Decentralized Control for Self-driving Cars That can Freely Move on Two-dimensional Plane

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. A103
Author(s):  
Takeshi Kano ◽  
Mayuko Iwamoto ◽  
Daishin Ueyama
Keyword(s):  
Decentralized Control ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Dimensional Plane ◽  
Traffic Systems ◽  
Self Driving Cars ◽  
Traffic Rules

In the current traffic rules, cars have to move along lanes and to stop at red traffic lights. However, in the future when all cars become completely driverless, these traffic rules may vanish and cars may be allowed to move freely on two-dimensional plane by avoiding others like pedestrian flow. This innovation could greatly reduce traffic jams. In this study, we propose a decentralized control scheme for future self-driving cars that can freely move on two-dimensional plane, based on the social force model widely used as the model of pedestrian flow. The performance of the proposed scheme is validated via simulation. Although this study is still conceptual and does not consider realistic details, we believe that it paves the way to developing novel traffic systems.

scholarly journals Simulating Crowd Evacuation in a Social Force Model with Iterative Extended State Observer

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Juan Wei ◽  
Wenjie Fan ◽  
Zhongyu Li ◽  
Yangyong Guo ◽  
Yuanyuan Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Observer ◽  
Extended State Observer ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Extended State ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
External Interference ◽  
The Social ◽  
Crowd Evacuation ◽  
Improved Model

Due to the interaction and external interference, the crowds will constantly and dynamically adjust their evacuation path in the evacuation process to achieve the purpose of rapid evacuation. The information from previous process can be used to modify the current evacuation control information to achieve a better evacuation effect, and iterative learning control can achieve an effective prediction of the expected path within a limited running time. In order to depict this process, the social force model is improved based on an iterative extended state observer so that the crowds can move along the optimal evacuation path. First, the objective function of the optimal evacuation path is established in the improved model, and an iterative extended state observer is designed to get the estimated value. Second, the above model is verified through simulation experiments. The results show that, as the number of iterations increases, the evacuation time shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.

scholarly journals Pedestrian Arching Mechanism at Bottleneck in Subway Transit Hub

Information ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Wei Luo ◽  
Pengpeng Jiao ◽  
Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Dynamic Evolution ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Unidirectional Flow ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Under the massive pedestrian flow, pedestrians arching phenomenon forms easily at bottleneck in subway hubs, which might stampede and crush. To explore pedestrian arching mechanism at bottleneck in subway transit hub, this paper conducts a series of simulation experiment. Firstly, movement preference characteristic in subway transit hubs was introduced into the social force model which considers multiple force. Then, after setting basic experiment scenario, unidirectional flow at different bottlenecks were simulated. Finally, the mechanism of pedestrian arching phenomenon at bottleneck was quantitative analyzed with the help of experimental data. Some main conclusions are summarized. Pedestrian arching phenomenon could be divided into four stages: Free, arching formation, arching stabilization and arching dissipation. In addition, the relationship between bottleneck scenario and passing time could be built to a function model. With the different of bottleneck width ratio, passing time presents positive correlation. The research results could give some helps for understanding the dynamic evolution process of unidirectional flow at bottleneck, improving the pedestrian efficiency at bottleneck and optimizing pedestrian facilities in subway transit hub.

HUMAN–ROBOT COLLISION AVOIDANCE USING A MODIFIED SOCIAL FORCE MODEL WITH BODY POSE AND FACE ORIENTATION

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350008 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHOTCHARA RATSAMEE ◽  
YASUSHI MAE ◽  
KENICHI OHARA ◽  
TOMOHITO TAKUBO ◽  
TATSUO ARAI
Keyword(s):  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
Motion Tracking ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Face ◽  
Social Components

The ability of robots to understand human characteristics and make themselves socially accepted by humans are important issues if smooth collision avoidance between humans and robots is to be achieved. When discussing smooth collision avoidance, robot should understand not only physical components such as human position, but also social components such as body pose, face orientation and proxemics (personal space during motion). We integrated these components in a modified social force model (MSFM) which allows robots to predict human motion and perform smooth collision avoidance. In the modified model, short-term intended direction is described by body pose, and a supplementary force related face orientation is added for intention estimation. Face orientation is also the best indication of the direction of personal space during motion, which was verified in preliminary experiments. Our approach was implemented and tested on a real humanoid robot in a situation in which a human is confronted with the robot in an indoor environment. Experimental results showed that better human motion tracking was achieved with body pose and face orientation tracking. Being provided with the face orientation as an indication of the intended direction, and observing the laws of proxemics in a human-like manner, the robot was able to perform avoidance motions that were more human-like when compared to the original social force model (SFM) in a face-to-face confrontation.

A social force evacuation model considering the effect of emergency signs

SIMULATION ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 723-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhilu Yuan ◽  
Hongfei Jia ◽  
Linfeng Zhang ◽  
Lei Bian
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Movement Direction ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Herd Behavior ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
The Social ◽  
Improved Model

In this paper, we investigate the effect of emergency signs on evacuation dynamics under smoke conditions. We assume that in a smoky hall the visual field of pedestrians is limited to a certain range, and they do not know the exact location of the exit. In this kind of evacuation process, we analyze the influence of emergency signs on movement direction and speed, and the herd behavior of pedestrians. In the analysis, we divide the emergency signs into two types: the wall signs (WS) and the ground signs (GS). Then, we analyze the variation of pedestrian behavior when they encounter the WS, the GS, and the exit in the evacuation process. Combined with the analysis results, we build our improved model based on the social force model. In the simulation, we study the evacuation process in the case of WS and GS. According to the result of the simulation, we consider that the effect of the emergency signs on herd behavior and the desired speed is an important factor to improve evacuation efficiency. We find that, from the perspective of evacuation time, the evacuation in the case of WS is more efficient, but from the perspective of the interaction between pedestrians, the evacuation in the case of GS presents less security risk. Finally, we explore how to design a mixed layout scheme of WS and GS.

Modified Social Force Model Based on Predictive Collision Avoidance Considering Degree of Competitiveness

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 331-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Tao Chen ◽  
Peter B. Luh ◽  
Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Model Based

An extended social force model for pedestrian evacuation under disturbance fluctuation force

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (07) ◽  
pp. 2050102
Author(s):  
Juan Wei ◽  
Wenjie Fan ◽  
Yangyong Guo ◽  
Jun Hu ◽  
Yuanyuan Fang
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Expression ◽  
Momentum Equation ◽  
Position Vector ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Fluctuation Force ◽  
Pedestrian Evacuation ◽  
Crowd Density

In order to characterize the disturbance fluctuation of pedestrian flow caused by the disturbance during evacuation and the state change of pedestrian flow, this paper improves the social force model by introducing disturbance fluctuation force. First, a momentum equation is established to describe the change of pedestrian flow under the influence of disturbance fluctuation, and the mathematical expression of disturbance fluctuation force is given. Second, the evacuation processes of pedestrian flow with and without “queue jumpers” are simulated with the simulation experimental platform, and the key factors influencing the performance of the model are deeply studied through numerical analysis. The results showed that: when the expected velocity is the same, the bigger the angle between the cross-section position vector and the initial expected velocity is, the more serious the congestion occurs at the exit. In addition, when the crowd density is small, the larger the angle, the higher the evacuation efficiency and vice versa.

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