scholarly journals UTE-T2⁎Analysis of Diseased and Healthy Achilles Tendons and Correlation with Clinical Score: An In Vivo Preliminary Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Qiao ◽  
Hong-Yue Tao ◽  
Kui Ma ◽  
Zi-Ying Wu ◽  
Jian-Xun Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Clinical Score ◽  
Ultrashort Echo Time ◽  
Clinical Scores ◽  
American Orthopaedic

Objective. To compareT2⁎value of healthy and diseased Achilles tendons (AT) with a recently introduced three-dimensional ultrashort echo time (3D-UTE) sequence and analyze the correlation betweenT2⁎value and clinical scores.Methods. Ten patients with symptomatic Achilles tendon and ten healthy volunteers were investigated with 3D-UTE sequence on a 3T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner.T2⁎values of four regions in Achilles tendons were calculated. The clinical outcomes of patients were evaluated according to the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score and Achilles Tendon Rupture Score (ATRS). An independent samplet-test was used to compare the differences ofT2⁎value and clinical scores between two groups. The Pearson correlation coefficient between clinical scores andT2⁎values was assessed.Results. TheT2⁎values of Achilles tendon were statistically significantly different between patients and volunteers. The Pearson correlation coefficients betweenT2⁎and AOFAS or ATRS scores of patients werer=-0.733andr=-0.634, respectively.Conclusion. The variability ofT2⁎in healthy and pathologic AT can be quantified by UTE-T2⁎.T2⁎may be a promising marker to detect and diagnose AT tendinopathy. UTE-T2⁎could give a precise guidance to clinical outcome.

Reliability of Achilles Tendon Moment Arm Measured In Vivo Using Freehand Three-Dimensional Ultrasound

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Obst ◽  
Lee Barber ◽  
Ashton Miller ◽  
Rod S. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Lateral Malleolus ◽  
Medial Malleolus ◽  
Minimal Detectable Change ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Moment Arm

This study investigated reliability of freehand three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) measurement of in vivo human Achilles tendon (AT) moment arm. Sixteen healthy adults were scanned on 2 separate occasions by a single investigator. 3DUS scans were performed over the free AT, medial malleolus, and lateral malleolus with the ankle passively positioned in maximal dorsiflexion, mid dorsiflexion, neutral, mid plantar flexion and maximal plantar flexion. 3D reconstructions of the AT, medial malleolus, and lateral malleolus were created from manual segmentation of the ultrasound images and used to geometrically determine the AT moment arm using both a straight (straight ATMA) and curved (curved ATMA) tendon line-of-action. Both methods were reliable within- and between-session (intra-class correlation coefficients > 0.92; coefficient of variation < 2.5 %) and revealed that AT moment arm increased by ∼ 7 mm from maximal dorsiflexion (∼ 41mm) to maximal plantar flexion (∼ 48 mm). Failing to account for tendon curvature led to a small overestimation (< 2 mm) of AT moment arm that was most pronounced in ankle plantar flexion, but was less than the minimal detectable change of the method and could be disregarded.

scholarly journals The patellofemoral morphology and the normal predicted value of tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove distance in the Chinese population

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Li ◽  
Guanzhi Liu ◽  
Run Tian ◽  
Ning Kong ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Tibial Tuberosity ◽  
Trochlear Groove ◽  
Lasso Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Abstract Background Our objective was to obtain normal patellofemoral measurements to analyse sex and individual differences. In addition, the absolute values and indices of tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distances are still controversial in clinical application. A better method to enable precise prediction is still needed. Methods Seventy-eight knees of 78 participants without knee pathologies were included in this cross-sectional study. A CT scan was conducted for all participants and three-dimensional knee models were constructed using Mimics and SolidWorks software. We measured and analysed 19 parameters including the TT-TG distance and dimensions and shapes of the patella, femur, tibia, and trochlea. LASSO regression was used to predict the normal TT-TG distances. Results The dimensional parameters, TT-TG distance, and femoral aspect ratio of the men were significantly larger than those of women (all p values < 0.05). However, after controlling for the bias from age, height, and weight, there were no significant differences in TT-TG distances and anterior-posterior dimensions between the sexes (all p values > 0.05). The Pearson correlation coefficients between the anterior femoral offset and other indexes were consistently below 0.3, indicating no relationship or a weak relationship. Similar results were observed for the sulcus angle and the Wiberg index. Using LASSO regression, we obtained four parameters to predict the TT-TG distance (R2 = 0.5612, p < 0.01) to achieve the optimal accuracy and convenience. Conclusions Normative data of patellofemoral morphology were provided for the Chinese population. The anterior-posterior dimensions of the women were thicker than those of men for the same medial-lateral dimensions. More attention should be paid to not only sex differences but also individual differences, especially the anterior condyle and trochlea. In addition, this study provided a new method to predict TT-TG distances accurately.

Nonuniform strain of human soleus aponeurosis-tendon complex during submaximal voluntary contractions in vivo

2003 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 829-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taija Finni ◽  
John A. Hodgson ◽  
Alex M. Lai ◽  
V. Reggie Edgerton ◽  
Shantanu Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Motor Units ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Force Transmission ◽  
Voluntary Contractions ◽  
Nonuniform Strain

The distribution of strain along the soleus aponeurosis tendon was examined during voluntary contractions in vivo. Eight subjects performed cyclic isometric contractions (20 and 40% of maximal voluntary contraction). Displacement and strain in the apparent Achilles tendon and in the aponeurosis were calculated from cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance images acquired with a field of view of 32 cm. The apparent Achilles tendon lengthened 2.8 and 4.7% in 20 and 40% maximal voluntary contraction, respectively. The midregion of the aponeurosis, below the gastrocnemius insertion, lengthened 1.2 and 2.2%, but the distal aponeurosis shortened 2.1 and 2.5%, respectively. There was considerable variation in the three-dimensional anatomy of the aponeurosis and muscle-tendon junction. We suggest that the nonuniformity in aponeurosis strain within an individual was due to the presence of active and passive motor units along the length of the muscle, causing variable force along the measurement site. Force transmission along intrasoleus connective tissue may also be a significant source of nonuniform strain in the aponeurosis.

Alterations in the In Vivo Torque-Velocity Relationship After Achilles Tendon Rupture Further Evidence of Speed-Specific Impairment

1992 ◽  
Vol &NA; (279) ◽  
pp. 237???245 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEVEN D. WASHBURN ◽  
VINCENT J. CAIOZZO ◽  
CHRIS A. WILLS ◽  
BERNARD J. HUNT ◽  
CARLOS A. PRIETTO
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Velocity Relationship

scholarly journals Prediction of crude protein digestibility of animal by-product meals for dogs by the protein solubility in pepsin method

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris M. Kawauchi ◽  
Nilva K. Sakomura ◽  
Cristiana F. F. Pontieri ◽  
Aline Rebelato ◽  
Thaila C. Putarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Protein Solubility ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractAnimal by-product meals have large variability in crude protein (CP) content and digestibility. In vivo digestibility procedures are precise but laborious, and in vitro methods could be an alternative to evaluate and classify these ingredients. The present study reports prediction equations to estimate the CP digestibility of meat and bone meal (MBM) and poultry by-product meal (PM) using the protein solubility in pepsin method (PSP). Total tract CP digestibility of eight MBM and eight PM samples was determined in dogs by the substitution method. A basal diet was formulated for dog maintenance, and sixteen diets were produced by mixing 70 % of the basal diet and 30 % of each tested meal. Six dogs per diet were used to determine ingredient digestibility. In addition, PSP of the MBM and PM samples was determined using three pepsin concentrations: 0·02, 0·002 and 0·0002 %. The CP content of MBM and PM ranged from 39 to 46 % and 57 to 69 %, respectively, and their mean CP digestibility by dogs was 76 (2·4) and 85 (2·6) %, respectively. The pepsin concentration with higher Pearson correlation coefficients with the in vivo results were 0·0002 % for MBM (r 0·380; P = 0·008) and 0·02 % for PM (r 0·482; P = 0·005). The relationship between the in vivo and in vitro results was better explained by the following equations: CP digestibility of MBM = 61·7 + 0·2644 × PSP at 0·0002 % (P = 0·008; R2 0·126); and CP digestibility of PM = 54·1 + 0·3833 × PSP at 0·02 % (P = 0·005; R2 0·216). Although significant, the coefficients of determination were low, indicating that the models were weak and need to be used with caution.

Division Tenorrhaphy: A Novel Technique for Chronic or Failed Nonoperatively Treated Achilles Tendon Rupture

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-245
Author(s):  
Jesse Doty ◽  
Yoshihiro Katsuura ◽  
Nicholas Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Nonoperative Treatment ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Myotendinous Junction ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Open Technique ◽  
American Orthopaedic

Here we describe a modified open technique for the repair of a ruptured Achilles tendon using multiple looped sutures with the creation of interdigitating tendon stumps maximizing surface area for suture application as well as allowing for significant tissue overlay. This technique produces a high strength repair that is useful in cases of extensive degeneration or poor-quality tissue. Degenerative tissue may be encountered with chronic ruptures or failed nonoperative treatment, as well as those ruptures that occur at the proximal myotendinous junction. We present 2 cases in which the technique was utilized: one of a failed nonoperatively treated rupture and another of a chronic rupture. The technique was found to be successful for both patients with improvement in visual analogue scale, Achilles tendon total rupture score, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Score, and Foot and Ankle Disability Index. Levels of Evidence: Level IV

scholarly journals The Validity of In Vivo Tooth Volume Determinations From Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Liu ◽  
Raphael Olszewski ◽  
Emanuel Stefan Alexandroni ◽  
Reyes Enciso ◽  
Tianmin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Interobserver Reliability ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Water Displacement

Abstract Objective: To determine the accuracy of volumetric analysis of teeth in vivo using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: The physical volume (Vw) of 24 bicuspids extracted for orthodontic purposes (16 were imaged with the I-CAT and 8 with the CB MercuRay) were determined using the water displacement technique. Corresponding pretreatment CBCT image data were uploaded into Amira 4.0 for segmentation and radiographic volume (Va). All measurements were performed twice by two observers. The statistical difference between Vw and Va was assessed using a paired t-test. The intraobserver and interobserver reliability were determined by calculating Pearson correlation coefficients and intraclass correlation coefficients. Results: The overall mean Vw of teeth specimens was 0.553 ± 0.082 cm3, while the overall mean Va was 0.548 ± 0.079 cm3 (0.529 ± 0.078 cm3 for observer 1 and 0.567 ± 0.085 cm3 for observer 2). There were statistically significant differences between Va and Vw (P &lt; .05). Between observer 1 and observer 2, Va measurements were statistically significantly different (P &lt; .05). The interobserver and intraobserver correlation coefficient for Vw was high. Lastly, surface smoothing reduced the volume by 3% to 12%. Conclusions: In vivo determination of tooth volumes from CBCT data is feasible. The measurements slightly deviate from the physical volumes within −4% to 7%. Smoothing operations reduce volume measurements. Currently, no requirements for accuracy of volumetric determinations of tooth volume have been established.

scholarly journals Bearing Weight at the Same Day in Conservatively Treated Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (11_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967114S0020
Author(s):  
Murat Korkmaz ◽  
Sadiye Yolcu ◽  
Özlem Balbaloğlu ◽  
Zekeriya Öztemur ◽  
Fatih Karaarslan
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Early Mobilization ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Plaster Cast ◽  
Wound Complications ◽  
American Orthopaedic

Objectives: Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) often occurs in 40- to 50-year-old men.. At treating there has been considerable research interest in attempting to identify the optimal treatment strategy, surgical or non-surgical, combined with functional early mobilisation or plaster cast immobilisation. Our aimed to compare the outcomes of bearing weight at the same day in conservatively treated and surgically treated groups of ATR patients. Methods: Thirty-two conservatively treated ATR patients and twenty nine surgically treated ATR patients were included to our study. Patients were over 18 years old who had been followed for 12 months by our clinic. All patients underwent knee supporting cast at four week and both group was asked for walking with bearing weight (%30-40) at same day. Results: In all groups 2nd and 12th months’ AOFAS (American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society) scorings of the patients had significant differences (p<0.001). Return to work time results were significantly different and shorter in conservatively treated group (p= 0.035). This study founded a relatively high complication percentage of (6 patients) 20.6% in the surgically treated group. On the contrary the wound complications non-surgical group has not been be observed. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study adds to evidence that a well conducted non-surgical treatment protocol (early mobilization treatment regimen) gives a good clinical outcome and complication rate is not higher than after surgical treatment.

scholarly journals Ankle Hindfoot Scale vs Comprehensive SRMC Scoring System in Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jambu Nageswaran ◽  
Samuel Chittaranjan Bedford ◽  
Ganesan Ganesan Ram
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Medical College ◽  
American Orthopaedic

ABSTRACT The existing scoring system like American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS)-ankle hindfoot scale, Leppilahti et al scoring system, Achilles tendon total rupture score, foot and ankle outcome score, the physical activity scale (PAS) questionnaire and Tegner activity score were not designed to evaluate all the parameters following surgical treatment of Achilles tendon rupture. Hence, we developed a comprehensive score called the comprehensive Sri Ramachandra Medical College (SRMC) scoring system. We compared the results of 60 patients who were surgically treated for acute Achilles tendon rupture using our comprehensive SRMC scoring system with the most commonly used AOFAS-ankle hindfoot scale. Results We found that there was 6.7% poor results using our scoring system, whereas no poor results using AOFAS scoring system mainly because our scoring system also assesses quality of life, patient satisfaction and tendon strength. Similarly, there was 10% fair results in our scoring system compared to 3.3% in AOFAS scale indicating that our scoring system is more sensitive. Comprehensive SRMC scoring system was found to be reliable statistically as per alpha method (α = 0.7787) and was statistically significant at p < 0.001. Conclusion Comprehensive SRMC scoring system was found to be superior to AOFAS scale specifically for analyzing Achilles tendon repair. Poor results are likely to be picked up by our scoring system which has been shown in our results. How to cite this article Nageswaran J, Ram GG, Bedford SC. Ankle Hindfoot Scale vs Comprehensive Srmc Scoring System in Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia- Pacific) 2015;2(2):77-79.

scholarly journals Relationships between Hip Flexibility and Pitching Biomechanics in Adolescent Baseball Pitchers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell L. Albiero ◽  
Wesley Kokott ◽  
Cody Dziuk ◽  
Janelle A. Cross
Keyword(s):  
External Rotation ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Kinematic Chain ◽  
Abduction Angle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
Baseball Pitchers

Abstract Context: Inadequate hip active range of motion (AROM) may stifle the energy flow through the kinematic chain and decrease pitching performance while increasing the risk for pitcher injury. Objective: To examine the relationship of hip AROM and pitching biomechanics during a fastball pitch in adolescent baseball pitchers. Design: Cross-Sectional study. Setting: Biomechanics laboratory. Participants: A voluntary sample of 21 adolescent baseball pitchers (16.1 ± 0.8 yrs.; 183.9 ± 5.2 cm; 77.9 ± 8.3 kg). Main Outcome Measure (s): Bilateral hip internal rotation (IR), external rotation (ER), flexion, extension, and abduction AROM were measured. Three-dimensional biomechanics were assessed as participants threw from an indoor pitching mound to a strike zone net at regulation distance. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to determine correlations between hip AROM and biomechanical metrics. Results: Statistically significant negative correlations were found at foot contact between back hip ER AROM and back hip abduction angle (p=0.030, r=−0.474), back hip ER AROM and torso rotation angle (p=0.032, r=−0.468),and back hip abduction AROM and lead hip abduction angle (p=0.037, r=−0.458). Back hip extension AROM was positively correlated with increased stride length (p=0.043, r=0.446). Lead hip abduction AROM was also positively correlated with normalized elbow varus torque (p=0.034, r=0.464). Conclusions: There were several relationships between hip AROM and biomechanical variables during the pitching motion. The findings support the influence hip AROM can have on pitching biomechanics. Overall, greater movement at the hips allows for the kinematic chain to work at its maximal efficiency, increasing pitch velocity potential.

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