scholarly journals Micronutrient Intake in a Cohort of Italian Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: Adherence to Dietary Recommendations

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Giorgini ◽  
Marilena Vitale ◽  
Lutgarda Bozzetto ◽  
Ornella Ciano ◽  
Angela Giacco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Food Records ◽  
Food Composition Tables ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Diabetes Center

Micronutrients are of fundamental importance in maintaining health status. However, data on their dietary intake are few particularly in persons with diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) attending a tertiary-level diabetes center in Southern Italy the intake of micronutrients (both vitamins and minerals) and the adherence to recommendations. Seven-day food records of 60 T1DM patients were analyzed. Micronutrient intake was evaluated based on the Italian food composition tables and expressed as amount per 1000 kcal of energy intake to adjust for possible underreporting. Adherence to recommendations for vitamins A, B6, B12, and C and niacin was acceptable in both sexes (ranging from 77% to 100%). Half of the patients did not adhere to folate recommendation, even less to vitamin E, and no patient reached the recommended intake for vitamin D. As for minerals, adherence was low for potassium and selenium (0–23%); intermediate for zinc, copper, and magnesium; low and intermediate for calcium in men and women, respectively; and low for iron in women. In conclusion, the diet followed by T1DM patients may not have a sufficient content of different micronutrients. Therefore, an adequate intake of low-fat dairy products, fish, legumes, and vegetables should be encouraged as components of a healthier dietary pattern.

scholarly journals Problem areas in diabetes and glicemic control in type 1 diabetes in a public diabetes center

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A168
Author(s):  
Paula Lourenço ◽  
Sônia do Carmo Maulais ◽  
Maria Hitchon ◽  
Janice Reis
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Center

scholarly journals Training adolescents with type 1 diabetes to carbohydrate counting without parents' help

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Beatriz Diniz GABRIEL ◽  
Cristiano Tulio ALBUQUERQUE ◽  
Marcella Lobato Dias CONSOLI ◽  
Patrícia Amaral Fulgêncio da Cunha MENEZES ◽  
Janice Sepúlveda REIS
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Carbohydrate Counting ◽  
New Therapy ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nutrition Education Program ◽  
Diabetes Center

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition education program to enable adolescents with type 1 diabetes to count carbohydrates without the parents' help. Methods: Nineteen adolescents with type 1 diabetes from a diabetes center participated in four fortnightly meetings of one hour, with lectures and discussions about healthy nutrition, importance of nutrients for blood glucose, portion sizes, food replacements, and carbohydrate counting therapy. All meetings ended with exercises to check the learning. Adolescents were followed for one year after the intervention. Results: All participants were 100% successful in all the steps of the program and started carbohydrate counting in the main meals. Nutritional status and total daily insulin doses before and after the study did not differ. After 12 months, 68% of the adolescents counted carbohydrates at all times, 16% did so in extra snacks, and 16% were suspended from the new therapy. Eighty percent of the parents were satisfied with the program, believing teenagers were trained in the new therapy. Conclusion: A short nutrition education program successfully trained adolescents to count carbohydrates without the parents' help.

scholarly journals Characteristics and morphology of lipohypertrophic lesions in adults with type 1 diabetes with ultrasound screening: an exploratory observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e002553
Author(s):  
Rabab Hashem ◽  
Henrietta Mulnier ◽  
Haya Abu Ghazaleh ◽  
Susan Halson-Brown ◽  
Maria Duaso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Ultrasound Screening ◽  
Dermal Thickness ◽  
Linear Probe ◽  
Tissue Changes ◽  
Diabetes Center ◽  
Design And Methods

IntroductionLipohypertrophy is a common complication of exposure to insulin therapy. Despite the prevalence of lipohypertrophy and its potentially hazardous effects on glucose regulation, it remains a relatively understudied problem in diabetes. The objective of this study was to characterize lipohypertrophic tissue using ultrasound in adults with type 1 diabetes.Research design and methodsAn observational study of 74 people with type 1 diabetes from a diabetes center in South East London. Participants’ insulin exposed areas were scanned with ultrasound, with a high-frequency linear probe (6–13 MHz). The observed tissue changes were described, measured and graded according to nodule size and thickness of the dermal layer.ResultsParticipants mean age and diabetes duration were 40.6 (±14.2) and 18.3 (±10.9) years, respectively, and 60% (n=44) were male. A total of 740 lipohypertrophic nodules were observed, ranging from 1.8 mm to 40 mm in width. The mean (SD/range) number of nodules per participants was 10.4 (±6.2/1–29). Delineation between the dermal layers was disrupted in all current injection sites. In 52 participants (70%), there was a 30% increase in dermal thickness compared with local none injected tissue, and in 36 participants (48%) the increase was 50%. The level of thickness was >3 mm in the abdominal areas of 22 (40%) of these participants and in thighs of eight participants (17.8%). Hypoechogenic areas suggestive of necrotic tissue were observed within the lipohypertrophic nodules of 22 (30%) participants. Needle length and nodule depth were correlated (r=0.69, p<0.001). A conceptual model of the insulin exposed tissue changes observed was constructed.ConclusionsThe study confirms that insulin-exposed tissue changes are heterogenous and has provided conceptual and grading frameworks for classifying these changes. Further studies are required to establish the clinical implications of these classifications, in relation to glucose regulation and other clinical parameters.

scholarly journals Perceived Stress and Adherence to the Dietary Recommendations and Blood Glucose Levels in Type 1 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Aila J. Ahola ◽  
Carol Forsblom ◽  
Valma Harjutsalo ◽  
Per-Henrik Groop
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Fresh Vegetable ◽  
Stress Score ◽  
Diet Score

Stress may negatively impact self-management of diabetes and thereby deteriorate glycaemic control. Eating is the most frequently reported stress-release method. In this study, we investigated the association between perceived stress (PS), dietary adherence, and glycaemic control. Data from participants in the FinnDiane Study with type 1 diabetes who had completed a diet questionnaire and Cohen’s perceived stress scale (PSS) were included. In addition to using a continuous PSS score, participants were divided into three groups based on the PSS scores: the first PSS quartile, low levels of PS; second and third quartiles, moderate levels of PS; and fourth quartile, high levels of PS. A diet score reflecting the level of adherence to dietary recommendations was calculated. Analyses were conducted in the whole sample and in subgroups divided by body mass index (BMI<25 kg/m2 vs. BMI≥25 kg/m2). In the whole sample, high PS and continuous stress score were negatively associated with the diet score and with adherence to fish, fresh vegetable, low-fat liquid milk product, and vegetable oil-based cooking fat recommendations. The stress score was negatively associated with the diet score both in lean and in those overweight or obese. However, fish and fresh vegetable recommendations were only affected in those with corpulence. PS was not associated with mean blood glucose concentrations in the whole sample. When divided by BMI status, worse glycaemic control was observed in lean subjects reporting stress. In individuals with overweight or obesity, instead, high glucose concentrations were observed regardless of the level of perceived stress. Interventions to improve stress management could improve dietary adherence and glycaemic control and could thereby have the potential to improve long-term health and well-being of individuals with type 1 diabetes.

scholarly journals Glycemic control in adult type 1 diabetes patients from a brazilian country city: comparison between a multidisciplinary and a routine endocrinological approach

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 944-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Mourão-Júnior ◽  
João Roberto de Sá ◽  
Olívia M. Silveira Guedes ◽  
Sérgio Atala Dib
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Type ◽  
Outpatient Center ◽  
Diabetes Center ◽  
One Year

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the metabolic control of a cohort of adult type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients assisted in a public Diabetes Center (DC) that follows the rules of a national diabetes society. METHODS: We compared for one year the metabolic control and the characteristics of 175 T1DM patients attended by a multidisciplinary team in a DC (test group) with 30 patients assisted only by endocrinologists at a public endocrinology outpatient center (control group). RESULTS: The test group presented a larger proportion of well-controlled patients (p= 0.002). The proportions (test x control group) were as follows: 51.4% x 16.7% in the subgroup with A1C < 7%; 21.7% x 36.7% in the subgroup with A1C between 7.1% and 8.0%; and 26.9% x 46.7% in the subgroup with A1C > 8%. Patients assisted in the DC presented a likelihood 4.38 times higher of reaching levels of A1C up to 7%. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows the effectiveness of a DC and emphasizes the importance of education, adherence and multidisciplinarity as cornerstones for the treatment, showing that in developing countries it is possible to treat T1DM with satisfactory results.

Pathways to reduce diabetic ketoacidosis with new onset type 1 diabetes: Evidence from a regional pediatric diabetes center: Auckland, New Zealand, 2010 to 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 553-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor R. Gunn ◽  
Benjamin B. Albert ◽  
Paul L. Hofman ◽  
Wayne S. Cutfield ◽  
Alistair J. Gunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Onset Type ◽  
Pediatric Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Center ◽  
New Onset

Copeptin and renal function decline, cardiovascular events and mortality in type 1 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels S Heinrich ◽  
Simone Theilade ◽  
Signe A Winther ◽  
Nete Tofte ◽  
Tarunveer S Ahluwalia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Diabetes Center ◽  
Cardiovascular Endpoint ◽  
End Stage

Abstract Background Plasma copeptin is a surrogate of arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion and is associated with a risk of renal and cardiovascular disease. We investigated associations between copeptin and renal events, cardiovascular events and mortality in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study on 658 individuals with T1D from Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen. Plasma copeptin concentrations and conventional risk factors were assessed at baseline. The five endpoints were traced through national registries and electronic laboratory records. Results Baseline mean age was 55 ± 13 years and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 81 ± 26 mL/min/1.73 m2. The median follow-up was 6.2 years (interquartile range 5.8–6.7); 123 participants reached a combined renal endpoint [decline in eGFR ≥30%, end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) or all-cause mortality], 93 had a decrease in eGFR ≥30%, 21 developed ESKD, 94 experienced a combined cardiovascular endpoint and 58 died from all causes. Higher copeptin was associated with all endpoints in unadjusted Cox regression analyses. Upon adjustment for baseline eGFR, the associations were attenuated and remained significant only for the combined renal endpoint and decrease in eGFR ≥30%. Results were similar upon further adjustment for other risk factors, after which hazard ratios for the two renal endpoints were 2.27 (95% confidence interval 1.08–4.74) and 4.49 (1.77–11.4), respectively, for the highest versus the lowest quartile of copeptin. Conclusions Higher copeptin was an independent risk marker for a combined renal endpoint and decline in renal function. AVP may be a marker of renal damage or a factor whose contribution to renal and cardiovascular risk is partially mediated by renal damage.

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