scholarly journals Hypercalcemia in Lung Cancer due to Simultaneously Elevated PTHrP and Ectopic Calcitriol Production: First Case Report

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saed Nemr ◽  
Sunitha Alluri ◽  
Dhivya Sundaramurthy ◽  
Daniel Landry ◽  
Gregory Braden
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
First Case ◽  
Cellular Source ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Ectopic Production ◽  
Granulomatous Diseases

Calcitriol-mediated hypercalcemia has been reported in malignant lymphomas and granulomatous diseases but not in lung carcinoma. We describe a patient with squamous cell lung carcinoma with hypercalcemia and elevated calcitriol levels. A 60-year-old Caucasian male patient with stage IIIB squamous cell lung cancer developed hypercalcemia at 14.8 mg/dL two years after receiving chemotherapy and radiotherapy where labs showed a serum intact PTH: 7 pg/mL, PTHrP: 30 pmol/L, 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol): 76 pg/mL, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels: <4 ng/mL. Calcitriol levels were elevated despite undetectable 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. There are no reported lung cancer cases with elevated calcitriol as an etiology of hypercalcemia. We believe that the elevated calcitriol levels in this case were due to a PTHrP-independent mechanism, possibly from either ectopic production of calcitriol in tumor cells or from increased activity of 1-alpha hydroxylase in the same cells. The patient died before the effects of prednisone therapy could be assessed. Studies are needed to investigate the cellular source of calcitriol and its role in hypercalcemia in patients with lung cancer.

Comparison of Differential Diagnosis of Lung Cancer by Diffuse Weighted Imaging and Sagittal Imaging with Short Inversion Recovery Sequence

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 822-826
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Qingyu Cai ◽  
Guoli Wei
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Recovery Sequence ◽  
Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

The differential diagnosis of advanced lung cancer is difficult in clinical practice. Our study aims to compare the value of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) with short-term inversion recovery sequence (STIR) for sagittal imaging in the differential diagnosis of lung cancer. 149 patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) were enrolled and underwent DWI and STIR sagittal imaging. To quantify cancer types, we evaluated the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value on DWI and the contrast ratio (CRs) on sagittal imaging. The ADC values of subclasses in NSCLC were significantly higher than small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) (p <0.01). The mean CRs were 1.59 for SCLC and 1.30 for NSCLC with a significant difference (p < 0.01). Large cell carcinomas (LCC) and adenocarcinomas have significant differences compared to small cell carcinomas (SCC) without difference between squamous cell carcinomas (p > 0.05); this is also the case for CRs. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma have significant differences compared to SCC without difference in LCC (p > 0.05). Qualitative evaluation of the feasible thresholds DWI and STIR showed that the thresholds were 0.9810−3 mm2/s and 1.37 respectively. The specificity and accuracy was 78.5% is 85.3% for DWI, which was significantly higher than STIR (56.3% and 61.0%). The combination of DWI and STIR sequences was superior to DWI alone with an accuracy rate of 94.3%. DWI is more helpful than STIR in differentiating SCLC and NSCLC, and their combined use can significantly improve diagnosis accuracy.

scholarly journals Novel Candidate Key Drivers in the Integrative Network of Genes, MicroRNAs, Methylations, and Copy Number Variations in Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Huang ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Yu-dong Cai
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
Integrative Network

The mechanisms of lung cancer are highly complex. Not only mRNA gene expression but also microRNAs, DNA methylation, and copy number variation (CNV) play roles in tumorigenesis. It is difficult to incorporate so much information into a single model that can comprehensively reflect all these lung cancer mechanisms. In this study, we analyzed the 129 TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) squamous cell lung carcinoma samples with gene expression, microRNA expression, DNA methylation, and CNV data. First, we used variance inflation factor (VIF) regression to build the whole genome integrative network. Then, we isolated the lung cancer subnetwork by identifying the known lung cancer genes and their direct regulators. This subnetwork was refined by the Bayesian method, and the directed regulations among mRNA genes, microRNAs, methylations, and CNVs were obtained. The novel candidate key drivers in this refined subnetwork, such as the methylation of ARHGDIB and HOXD3, microRNA let-7a and miR-31, and the CNV of AGAP2, were identified and analyzed. On three large public available lung cancer datasets, the key drivers ARHGDIB and HOXD3 demonstrated significant associations with the overall survival of lung cancer patients. Our results provide new insights into lung cancer mechanisms.

scholarly journals A Patient with Four-Year Survival after Nonsmall Cell Lung Carcinoma with a Solitary Metachronous Small Bowel Metastasis

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Klaas M. Kant ◽  
Vincent Noordhoek Hegt ◽  
Joachim G. J. V. Aerts
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Palliative Surgery ◽  
Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Small Bowel Metastasis ◽  
Nonsmall Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
First Case ◽  
Complete Surgical Resection

Solitary small bowel metastasis secondary to lung cancer is very uncommon. In this report, we present a patient with NSCLC and a metachronous solitary metastasis of the jejunum. She is alive without evidence of disease and doing well four years after palliative surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report describing a prolonged survival in a patient with a symptomatic solitary small bowel metastasis treated with palliative surgery, chemo- and radiotherapy instead of complete surgical resection.

The prevalence of KRASG12C mutations utilizing circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in 80,911 patients with cancer.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 3547-3547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyaw Thein ◽  
Kimberly Banks ◽  
Jennifer Saam ◽  
Victoria M. Raymond ◽  
Jason Roszik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Types

3547 Background: Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) is the most commonly mutated proto-oncogene identified in cancer and still remains an arduous therapeutic challenge. Recently, KRASG12C mutation has become special interest since it has now been considered potentially druggable after the introduction of covalent small-molecule KRASG12C inhibitors. Advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) and embracing utilization of ctDNA have uncovered more genetic alterations in many cancers. We present a comprehensive analysis on the prevalence of KRASG12C mutations identified by ctDNA. Methods: We conducted a 5-year (July 2014 to June 2019) retrospective review of ctDNA NGS analysis in the Guardant360 CLIA database inclusive of treatment-naïve and previously treated patients with metastatic solid tumors. Data were retrieved from the 80,911 unique patients with ctDNA detected. Clonality and co-occurrence of cancer type were analyzed. Clonality was defined as variant allele fraction(AF) / maximum somatic AF in the sample. Results: 80,911 patients, which included more than 100 tumor histologies, were identified. 2,985 patients (3.7%) with > 40 tumor types had KRASG12C mutations identified in ctDNA. KRASG12C prevalence by cancer type were as follows: sarcomatoid lung carcinoma (13.5%), lung cancer NOS (9%), large cell lung carcinoma (9%), lung adenocarcinoma (7.4%), NSCLC (6.9%), carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) (4.1%), lung carcinoid (4%), CRC (3.5%), squamous cell lung carcinoma (2%), small cell lung carcinoma (1.5%), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) (1.2%), cholangiocarcinoma (1.2%), bladder cancer (0.6%), ovarian cancer (0.6%) and breast cancer (0.3%). 53 additional patients with KRASG12C were identified across 24 other tumor types. The KRASG12C mutation was found to be clonal (clonality > 0.9%) in the majority of patients with lung adenocarcinoma, NSCLC, CUP, squamous cell lung carcinoma, and PDAC, compared to patients with CRC and breast cancer who had bimodal distribution of clonal and sub clonal mutations. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the largest analysis on the prevalence of KRASG12C mutations identified by ctDNA. Our study demonstrated the feasibility of utilizing ctDNA to identify KRASG12C mutations across solid tumors with the highest prevalence in lung cancer as previously reported in tissue. The clonality information available from ctDNA-based genotyping may provide insights into the clinical efficacy of targeting KRASG12C in different tumor types.

ALK -rearranged squamous cell lung carcinoma responding to crizotinib: A missing link in the field of non-small cell lung cancer?

Lung Cancer ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 67-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Vergne ◽  
Gilles Quéré ◽  
Sophie Andrieu-Key ◽  
Renaud Descourt ◽  
Isabelle Quintin-Roué ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Missing Link

Diagnostic Assay Based on hsa-miR-205 Expression Distinguishes Squamous From Nonsquamous Non–Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 2030-2037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danit Lebanony ◽  
Hila Benjamin ◽  
Shlomit Gilad ◽  
Meital Ezagouri ◽  
Avital Dov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Diagnostic Assay ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Ffpe Samples

Purpose Recent advances in treatment of lung cancer require greater accuracy in the subclassification of non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Targeted therapies which inhibit tumor angiogenesis pose higher risk for adverse response in cases of squamous cell carcinoma. Interobserver variability and the lack of specific, standardized assays limit the current abilities to adequately stratify patients for such treatments. In this study, we set out to identify specific microRNA biomarkers for the identification of squamous cell carcinoma, and to use such markers for the development of a standardized assay. Patients and Methods High-throughput microarray was used to measure microRNA expression levels in 122 adenocarcinoma and squamous NSCLC samples. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) platform was used to verify findings in an independent set of 20 NSCLC formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples, and to develop a diagnostic assay using an additional set of 27 NSCLC FFPE samples. The assay was validated using an independent blinded cohort consisting of 79 NSCLC FFPE samples. Results We identified hsa-miR-205 as a highly specific marker for squamous cell lung carcinoma. A microRNA-based qRT-PCR assay that measures expression of hsa-miR-205 reached sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 90% in the identification of squamous cell lung carcinomas in an independent blinded validation set. Conclusion Hsa-miR-205 is a highly accurate marker for lung cancer of squamous histology. The standardized diagnostic assay presented here can provide highly accurate subclassification of NSCLC patients.

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