scholarly journals Clinician’s Update on the Benign, Premalignant, and Malignant Skin Tumours of the Vulva: The Dermatologist’s View

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Freja Lærke Sand ◽  
Simon Francis Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Skin Tumours ◽  
Skin Tumour ◽  
Malignant Skin ◽  
Melanocytic Naevi ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Correct and rapid diagnosis of skin tumours often requires biopsy and histopathological examination to differentiate benign lesions such as seborrhoeic keratoses or melanocytic naevi from premalignant and malignant lesions such as malignant melanoma. Particularly, to the untrained eye, any benign skin tumour—pigmented or nonpigmented—is easily mistaken for a malignant lesion. Qualified clinical evaluation is paramount in order to reduce the frequency of unwarranted skin biopsies. Herein, the most common benign, premalignant, and malignant vulvar skin tumours are reviewed.

scholarly journals A study of gastrointestinal tumors at kathmandu medical college teaching hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1285-1288
Author(s):  
Sailesh Bahadur Pradhan ◽  
Binita Pradhan ◽  
Sailuja Maharjan ◽  
Prabin Bikram Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College

Background: Gastrointestinal tract tumour is responsible for more cancers and death than any other cancers.  The tumour in GIT include the tumour of the Oral cavity, Esophagus, Stomach, Colon, Rectum, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas and Biliary tree.Materials and methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among all the gastrointestinal tract tumours specimens received for histopathological examination in between January 2016 to June 2017 in Department of Pathology, Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital. All tumors diagnosed either benign or malignant were included in this study. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee in KMCTH.Results: Colorectum was found to be the most commonly involved site for malignant lesion comprising 40.2% among all malignant lesions followed by stomach comprising 28.6%. Malignancy was found to be more prevalent among male with M:F ratio of 1.6:1 in colorectal region and 1.4:1 in stomach cancers. Regarding benign lesions (polyps), rectum was found to be the commonest site (57.5%), followed by colon (20.0%) and stomach, the least common site.Malignant lesions were more common among the age group of 51-60 years (37.66%) with 70.13% above 50 years. Benign lesions were also found to be the most common above 50 years comprising 40.0 percent.Conclusion: Rectum & colon was found to be the most commonly involved site for both malignant and benign lesion. Malignancy is more prevalent among male and common above 50 years of age. However, malignant cases noted in the adult age group are a matter of great concern.

A pilot study on the clinical value of 18F-sodium fluoride PET/CT in advanced prostate cancer.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10589-10589
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Kim ◽  
Maria Liza Lindenberg ◽  
William L. Dahut ◽  
James L. Gulley ◽  
Ravi A. Madan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Bone Metastases ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Advanced Prostate Cancer ◽  
Bone Scan ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Medicine Physician ◽  
Malignant Lesions

10589 Background: We evaluated the clinical utility of 18F-sodium fluoride PET/CT bone scan (18F-NaF) in the detection of bone metastases in patients (pts) with prostate cancer in comparison with Technetium-99m MDP bone scan (TcBS). Methods: In a prospective study, from October 2010-December 2011, 30 prostate cancer pts (ages 51-79), 21 with known bone metastases and 9 without known bone metastases, had18F-NaF and a TcBS performed. Abnormal foci of uptake on both TcBS and 18F-NaFwere classified as benign, malignant or indeterminate. Benign lesions included uptake in the joints and linear uptake at the endplates of the vertebral bodies consistent with degenerative changes. Malignant uptake on 18F-NaF scans was confirmed by characteristic osteoblastic features on CT. All TcBS and 18F-NaF were reviewed by an experienced nuclear medicine physician. For the patient-based analysis, scan results were categorized as positive (POS) = any malignant lesion; indeterminate (IND) = not distinctly malignant or benign; negative (NEG) = benign lesions only. Results: In the lesion-based analysis, 21 of 30 (70%) pts had more malignant lesions identified on 18F-NaF than on TcBS. The mean number of additional malignant lesions per patient on 18F-NaF vs TcBS was 4. Eight of the 30 pts had same number of malignant lesions identified in both studies. One of 30 pts had one less malignant lesion identified on 18F-NaF than on TcBS. CT correlation by 18F-NaF PET/CT of this particular lesion did not confirm osteoblastic feature. Malignant lesion distribution on 18F-NaF included: spine (28%), thorax (26%), pelvis (24%), long bones (13%) and skull (10%). In the patient-based analysis, 24 pts (80%) were POS by 18F-NaF, of whom 14 pts were POS, 8 were IND, and 2 were NEG by corresponding TcBS; in the 4 pts with NEG 18F-NaF, zero were POS, 2 were IND and 2 were NEG by corresponding TcBS. Conclusions: 18F-NaF identified more malignant lesions than TcBS. 18F-NaF may also add useful information in the management of advanced prostate cancer pts with and without known bone metastases.

scholarly journals Thyroid lesions incidentally detected by 18F-FDG PET-CT ― a two centre retrospective study

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Jamsek ◽  
Ivana Zagar ◽  
Simona Gaberscek ◽  
Marko Grmek
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Standardized Uptake Value ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Thyroid Uptake ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Thyroid Lesions

AbstractBackground. Incidental18F-FDG uptake in the thyroid on PET-CT examinations represents a diagnostic challenge. The maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax) is one possible parameter that can help in distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid PET lesions.Patients and methods. We retrospectively evaluated18F-FDG PET-CT examinations of 5,911 patients performed at two different medical centres from 2010 to 2011. If pathologically increased activity was accidentally detected in the thyroid, the SUVmaxof the thyroid lesion was calculated. Patients with incidental18F-FDG uptake in the thyroid were instructed to visit a thyroidologist, who performed further investigation including fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) if needed. Lesions deemed suspicious after FNAC were referred for surgery.Results. Incidental18F-FDG uptake in the thyroid was found in 3.89% ― in 230 out of 5,911 patients investigated on PET-CT. Malignant thyroid lesions (represented with focal thyroid uptake) were detected in 10 of 66 patients (in 15.2%). In the first medical centre the SUVmaxof 36 benign lesions was 5.6 ± 2.8 compared to 15.8 ± 9.2 of 5 malignant lesions (p < 0.001). In the second centre the SUVmaxof 20 benign lesions was 3.7 ± 2.2 compared to 5.1 ± 2.3 of 5 malignant lesions (p = 0.217). All 29 further investigated diffuse thyroid lesions were benign.Conclusions. Incidental18F-FDG uptake in the thyroid was found in 3.89% of patients who had a PET-CT examination. Only focal thyroid uptake represented a malignant lesion in our study ― in 15.2% of all focal thyroid lesions. SUVmaxshould only serve as one of several parameters that alert the clinician on the possibility of thyroid malignancy.

scholarly journals Clinical and histo-pathological aspects of the skin tumours in the nasal region

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-96
Author(s):  
C. Aftenie ◽  
I. Bordeianu
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Skin Tumours ◽  
Cosmetic Appearance ◽  
Malignant Skin ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Nasal Region ◽  
Nasal Pyramid ◽  
Solar Radiation Exposure ◽  
Nasal Defects

Abstract Nasal pyramid presents an increased frequency of skin tumours such as basal cell or squamous cell carcinomas. That could be explained by the increased rate of solar radiation exposure. Fear of a malign skin disease have been rising public awareness of the danger of exposure to sunlight. However, the incidence of skin cancer is continuously increasing. The probability of developing a skin tumour increases with age. Typically, concern relates to the patient on the cosmetic appearance and on the malignant potential of the lesion. Nasal defects can take place most often after oncological procedures. Knowing the most common forms of benign and malignant skin tumours is crucial for a proper evaluation and therapeutic management. Particular importance should be given to those clinical issues that may raise suspicion of a malignant lesions turn. In this study we evaluated the incidence of nasal pyramid tumours. This included also the pathological aspect of nasal skin.

99mTc sestamibi scintimammography

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (01) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
E. Derebek ◽  
P. Balcı ◽  
M. A. Koçdor ◽  
B. Değgirmenci ◽  
T. Canda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
False Negative ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Excisional Biopsy ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Complementary Method ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Palpable Breast ◽  
99Mtc Sestamibi

Summary Aim: Investigation of the diagnostic role of technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (99mTc sestamibi) scintimammography in non-palpable, suspicious breast lesions described as microcalcification, mass and increased density using mammography. Patients, method: 35 women with non-palpable breast lesions were enrolled in the study. Anterior, left and right lateral, ipsilateral posterior oblique images were obtained 15 min after the injection of 740 MBq of 99mTc sestamibi. All scintigraphic images were evaluated visually and focal increased 99mTc sestamibi uptake was accepted as malignant lesion. Breast lesions were classified as microcalcification (13 women), mammographic mass (16 women) and increased density (6 women). Excisional biopsy was performed in all of them irrespective of the scintigraphic results. Results: The focally increased 99mTc sestamibi uptake was seen in 11 breast lesions with malignant lesions and in 4 breast lesions with benign lesions. The diffuse uptake of 99mTc sestamibi was seen in 18 breast lesions with benign lesions and 2 breast lesions with malignant lesions. There was no false positive result of 99mTc sestamibi in microcalcification group and there was no false negative result of the mammographic mass and increased density groups. Conclusion: Scintimammography might be a complementary method in decision making for the non-palpable, suspicious breast lesions that were evaluated as microcalcification, mass and increased density mammograpically.

scholarly journals Histomorphological and Immunohistochemical Reappraisal of Cutaneous Adnexal Tumours: A Hospital Based Study

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakriti Shukla ◽  
Uroos Fatima ◽  
Anil K. Malaviya
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Skin Tumours ◽  
Skin Tumour ◽  
Internal Malignancy ◽  
Morphological Picture ◽  
Immunohistochemical Methods ◽  
Routine Stains ◽  
Rule Out

Background. Diagnosing adnexal tumours of the skin is a challenge due to their wide variety, infrequent occurrence in practice, and confusing morphological picture.Aims and Objectives. The present study aims to observe the spectrum of adnexal tumours at our institute and to evaluate them based on histomorphological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical methods either alone or in combination for proper identification and classification.Materials and Methods. A partly retrospective and partly prospective study was conducted on adnexal skin tumours over a period of 6 years. Relevant clinical profile was recorded. Histopathological examination was carried out and special stains were applied as and when required. Immunohistochemistry was performed where diagnosis with routine stains was not possible.Results. A total of 150 skin tumour biopsies were received. There were 87 keratotic tumours, 39 adnexal tumours, and 24 melanocytic tumours. Amongst the adnexal tumours, 51.3% eccrine, 30.8% follicular, and 17.9% sebaceous tumours were seen. In five cases, histological diagnosis was troublesome where immunohistochemistry helped in making final diagnosis.Limitations. The sample size is small.Conclusion. Histomorphology is confirmatory in majority of the adnexal tumours but few rare lesions that mimic internal malignancy require a panel of immunomarkers to rule out other possible differentials.

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks on Automatic Classification for Skin Tumour Images

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Simić ◽  
Svetislav D Simić ◽  
Zorana Banković ◽  
Milana Ivkov-Simić ◽  
José R Villar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Automatic Classification ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Skin Tumours ◽  
Skin Tumour ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Malignant Skin

Abstract The skin, uniquely positioned at the interface between the human body and the external world, plays a multifaceted immunologic role in human life. In medical practice, early accurate detection of all types of skin tumours is essential to guide appropriate management and improve patients’ survival. The most important issue is to differentiate between malignant skin tumours and benign lesions. The aim of this research is the classification of skin tumours by analysing medical skin tumour dermoscopy images. This paper is focused on a new strategy based on deep convolutional neural networks which have recently shown a state-of-the-art performance to define strategy to automatic classification for skin tumour images. The proposed system is tested on well-known HAM10000 data set. For experimental results, verification is performed and the results are compared with similar researches.

scholarly journals RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF MAMMOGRAM, SONOMAMMOGRAM AND ITS HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION AS AN AID FOR DIAGNOSIS OF BREAST LESIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sathish babu ◽  
Arifkhan Sainudeen ◽  
Abdul Eksana
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Malignant Breast ◽  
Malignant Lesions

INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is the most common cancer impacting 2.1 million women each year and also relates to the most cancer related deaths in women. In 2018, it was estimated that 627,000 women died from breast cancer which approximates to 15 % of all cancer related deaths among women [1]. The triple test– clinical examination, mammography and core biopsy helps in differentiating benign and malignant lesions. Histopathological examination is considered being the gold standard test for confirming malignant lesions and forms the basis of management. AIM: To assess sensitivity of mammogram with ultrasonography in diagnosing various breast lesions and to correlate the categorized breast lesions (BI-RADS) with histopathology reports and thereby obtain specificity and NPV of evaluation using Mammogram and ultrasonography. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analytical study. Study Period: July 2018 – July 2019. METHODS: The results of ultrasonography and mammography of 72 cases diagnosed clinically with breast lesions over the period of one year in tertiary health care hospital were compared with histopathology reports. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 45.65 ± 3.19. Our results showed that in histopathology reports in 20 patients (27.78%) were malignant, 51 cases (70.83%) had benign disease and 1 case 1.39% was borderline malignant. Fibroadenoma was the commonest benign lesion whereas infiltrating ductal carcinoma was the most common malignant lesion. Breast Imaging – Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) by mammogram revealed category II in 54.1%, III in 20.8%, IV in 16.6% and V in 8.3%. The specificity of mammography alone in diagnosing malignant breast lesions was 90.1%. When combined (ultrasound and mammogram), the specificity in diagnosing malignant breast lesion was 98.5% CONCLUSION: Mammography and sono-mammogram plays an important role in the diagnostic and surgical management of breast lesions with correlative histopathology evaluation. The diagnostic accuracy shows significant improvement when mammogram was combined with ultrasound correlation and thereby improving sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing malignant breast lesions.

scholarly journals Renal Leiomyoma – A Rare Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 1633-1635
Author(s):  
Raju Kamlakarao Shinde ◽  
Harsh Dinesh Bhalsod ◽  
Sangita Jogdand Shinde
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
Incidental Discovery ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Cases of renal leiomyomas are fewer than 100 in the literature and therefore possess a diagnostic challenge.1 By definition, leiomyomas are benign soft tissue neoplasms.2 that arise from smooth muscle cells.3 The most common sites of origin are the uterus, intestines and skin.4 One of the more unusual types of leiomyomas are the ones arising from the kidneys. They account for about 1.5 % benign lesions of kidneys.5 The methods of detection are through discovery during autopsy, incidental discovery during imaging or by clinical diagnosis in symptomatic lesions.6 Prevalence based on incidental finding at the time of autopsy is 4.2 - 5.2 %.7 Creating a differential diagnosis between leiomyomas and other malignant lesions is only possible by histopathological examination.8 We hereby report a case of 26-year-old female who presented with pain in abdomen and on histopathological examination was diagnosed as a case of renal leiomyoma.

scholarly journals Morphology, gradation and frequency of mastocytoma in dogs

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 153-162
Author(s):  
Oliver Stevanovic ◽  
Radoja Damjan ◽  
Ivana Vucicevic ◽  
Darko Marinkovic ◽  
Sanja Aleksic-Kovacevic
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Golden Retriever ◽  
Round Cell ◽  
Biopsy Material ◽  
Skin Tumours ◽  
Malignant Skin ◽  
Potentially Malignant

Mastocytoma is a kind of cutaneous tumour consisting of a great number of variously differentiated mastocytes. In dogs, they make 15-20% out of all cutaneous tumours, and are also considered to be potentially malignant skin tumours. They appear mosly in the region of abdomen (50-60%), less frequenly at limbs (25-40%) and very rarely at head and neck skin (10%). This work is a retrospective analysis of all diagnosed mastocytoma during the period from 2004. to 2012. at the Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Belgrade. Biopsy material was exposed to histopathological examination. Tissue cuttings of 3-5 ?m thick were dyed by HE method and TB method. Questionnaire on the frequency of mastocytoma was carried out in 40 veterinary policlinics in Belgrade. During the specified period, 65 cases of mastocytoma were diagnosed. They participated in 9.46% of all skin tumours. They were located at head skin, abdomen skin and limbs skin as well, and found in various dogs breeds. Mastocytomas were diagnosed in 25 policlinics in Belgrade. They were of nodose, irregular, verrucose and polypose shapes with numerous secondary alterations. Mastocytoma represented most frequent hematopoietic and ?round cell? diagnosed tumours. Most frequently they were located at limbs. Predisposed breeds are Golden Retriever and half-breed. Nodose form with expansive growth and secondary alterations such as inflammations was prevailing.

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