scholarly journals Multiple Osteolytic Lesions Causing Hypercalcemia: A Rare Presentation of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Mahmood ◽  
Muhammad Ubaid ◽  
Syeda Taliya Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hematological Malignancy ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Peripheral Smear ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Osteolytic Lesions ◽  
Severe Hypercalcemia

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is characterized by unchecked proliferation of malignant lymphoblasts which replaces the normal bone marrow culminating in anemia due to red blood cells inadequacy as well as in easy bruising/bleeding secondary to insufficient platelets production. Even the white blood cells which are produced excessively are immature and abnormal. ALL is the most common hematological malignancy in children. Most commonly, patients present with lymphadenopathy, recurrent infections, bleeding, fatigue, and bone pains. Bone pains, often particularly involving long bones, occur in about 21–38% of cases and are due to overcrowding of bone marrow with malignant cells. Vast majority of children with ALL have thrombocytopenia and/or anemia with a normal or mildly elevated white blood cells count with the presence of lymphoblasts on peripheral smear. About 50% of children present with bleeding while about 75% of patients have platelet count 100,000/microL. Visceromegaly is not uncommon but osteolytic lesions and hypercalcemia are rather uncommon. We present a 22-year-old gentleman with generalized fatigue and bone pains without visceromegaly. There was severe hypercalcemia with normal parathyroid levels but multiple osteolytic lesions. Peripheral smear showed anemia without blasts, whereas a bone marrow biopsy revealed > 30% blasts with interspersed CD 10 positive cells.

scholarly journals Case Report on Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia B-Cell

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Prerana Sakharwade ◽  
Ankita Watmode ◽  
Bibin Kurian ◽  
Khushbu Meshram ◽  
Sonali Kolhekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Abdominal Discomfort ◽  
Peripheral Smear ◽  
Rbc Count

Introduction: B- Cell lymphoblastic leukaemia of blood cancer that influences B- Lymphocytes, which are white blood cells that create within the delicate marrow of your bones (marrow) [1]. When healthy blood cells start to alter and expand out of control, this is called leukaemia. ALL is a tumour of immature lymphocytes. Lymphocytes are white blood cells that help the immune system function. Acute lymphoid leukaemia (ALL) is also known as acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. ALL is most visits in youthful children and people over the age of 50, but it can influence anybody at any age [2]. Aim: To acquire the knowledge regarding a case of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Clinical findings: Abdominal discomfort, fever high grade, chills, Weakness. Diagnostic Evaluation: Blood Test: Hb-5.5%, Total RBC count-2.21million/cu.mm, Total WBC count- 27400/cumm, RDW- 14.8%, HCT-17.7%, Monocytes-02%, Granulocytes-28%, Lymphocytes-68%, AST(SGOT)-110U/L. Peripheral Smear:  RBC: Total RBC Count- Decreased on smear, Haemoglobin- Decreased Predominantly normocytic with few micro showing moderate lymphomia, Platelets- Decreased on smear No hemoparacites are seen, Peripheral smear is suspicious of severe viral infection. Ultrasonography: Splenomegaly. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. B-cell lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the bone marrow Therapeutic intervention: Blood Transfusion-30 times, Inj Levofloxacin, Inj. Piptaz, Inj. Pan, Inj. Emset, Inj. Doxy, Inj. Hydrocort, Inj. Avil, Tab prednisolone, Tab Dolo. Outcome: After Treatment, The patient shows improvement. His fever and abdominal discomfort were relived and his Hb% increased from 5.5% to 6% after blood transfusion. Conclusion: B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is one of the most common types of leukemia in children but is rare in adults. My patient was admitted to medicine ward no-30, AVBRH with diagnosed of Acute Lymphatic Leukaemia and he had complaint of fever and abdominal discomfort. After getting appropriate treatment his condition was improved.

Supervise Method for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Segmentation and Classification

2018 ◽  
pp. 365-370
Author(s):  
Arpana Mahajan ◽  
Dr. Sheshang D. Degadwala ◽  
Dhairya Vyas ◽  
Rocky Upadhyay ◽  
Harsh S Dave
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Public Image ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Acute Leukemias

Leukemias are classified as either myelogenous (also called myeloid) or lymphocytic depending on which types of white blood cells are affected. Acute leukemias occur when the bone marrow produces immature white cells, and chronic leukemias occur when the marrow produces mature cells. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a type of cancer in which the bone marrow makes too many immature lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell). Leukemia may affect red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. ALL is most common in childhood, with a peak incidence at 2–5 years of age and another peak in old age. Here is an automatic segmentation technique that uses two-color systems and the clustering algorithm K-means. The proposed approach is evaluated on three public image databases with different characteristics and performance measures: accuracy, speci?city, sensitivity and Kappa index. Segmentation and classification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia can be done by using Supervise Learning Approach. In that hybrid model with color and cluster system will be used.

scholarly journals Hypercalcemia and Lytic Bone Lesions As a Rare Presentation of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Mouodi ◽  
Soghra Rabizadeh ◽  
Hasan Jalaeikhoo ◽  
Manouchehr Nakhjavani
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Bone Pain ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Lytic Bone Lesions

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is a type of leukemia that generates from white blood cells in the bone marrow. ALL could present with different nonspecific symptoms. Hypercalcemia is a rare presentation in B-cell ALL. We reported a middle-aged man presented with hypercalcemia and osteolytic bone lesions without bone pain and a definitive diagnosis of B-cell ALL.

scholarly journals Study of Some Biochemical Parameters in Iraqi Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-378
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Childhood All ◽  
Marrow Cavity ◽  
Increased Risk

Leukemia or cancer of the blood is the most common childhood cancer, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), is the most common form of leukemia that occurs in children. It is characterized by the presence of too many immature white blood cells in the child’s blood and bone marrow, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia can occur in adults too, treatment is different for children. Children with ALL develop symptoms related to infiltration of blasts in the bone marrow, lymphoid system, and extramedullary sites, such as the central nervous system (CNS). Common constitutional indications consist of fatigue (50%), pallor (25%), fever (60%), and weight loss (26%). Infiltration of blast cells in the marrow cavity and periosteum often lead to bone pain (23%) and disturbance of normal hematopoiesis. Thrombocytopenia with platelet counts less than 100,000 are seen in approximately 75% of patients. About 40% of patients with childhood ALL present with hemoglobin levels less than 7 g/dL. Although leukocyte counts greater than 50,000/mm3 occur in 20% of cases, neutropenia defined as an absolute neutrophil count less than 500 is common at presentation and is associated with an increased risk of infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the differentiations in some biochemical parameters (Hb, PCV, total serum proteins Aspartate amino transferase(AST), Alanin amino transferase (ALT), and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in blood which can be conceder as a marker of ALL. Samples were collected from 50 patients (between 1-16 years old) diagnosed with ALL after one month treatment with induction therapy, compared with 30 control samples taken from healthy persons at the same age . The ALT and MDA showed a significant increase p < 0.001 and p

scholarly journals Segmentation of White Blood Cells and Lymphoblast Cells Using Moving K-Means

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Ika Candradewi ◽  
Reno Ghaffur Bagasjvara
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Digital Image Processing ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Image Processing Technique ◽  
Cell Segmentation ◽  
Lymphoblast Cells

One of the diagnosis procedures for acute lymphoblastic leukemia is screening for blood cells by expert operator using microscope. This process is relatively long and will slow healing process of this disease which need fast treatment. Another way to screen this disease is by using digital image processing technique in microscopic image of blood smears to detect lymphoblast cells and types of white blood cells. One of essential step in digital image processing is segmentation because this process influences the subsequent process of detecting and classifying Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia disease. This research performed segmentation of white blood cells using moving k-means algorithm. Some process are done to remove noise such as red blood cells and reduce detection errors such as white blood cells and/or lymphoblastic cell  that’s appear overlap. Postprocessing are performed to improve segmentation quality and to separate connected white blood cell. The dataset in this study has been validated with expert clinical pathologists from Sardjito Regional General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This research produces systems performance with results in sensitivity of 85.6%, precision 82.3%, Fscore of 83,9% and accuracy of 72.3%. Based on the results of the testing process with a much larger number of datasets on the side of the variations level of cell segmentation difficulties both in terms of illumination and overlapping cell, the method proposed in this study was able to detect or segment overlapping white blood cells better.

scholarly journals Treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia from Traditional Chinese Medicine

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Li Hsiao ◽  
Pei-Chun Chang ◽  
Hung-Jin Huang ◽  
Chia-Chen Kuo ◽  
Calvin Yu-Chian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Qsar Models ◽  
All Treatment

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a cancer that immature white blood cells continuously overproduce in the bone marrow. These cells crowd out normal cells in the bone marrow bringing damage and death. Methotrexate (MTX) is a drug used in the treatment of various cancer and autoimmune diseases. In particular, for the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, it had significant effect. MTX competitively inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), an enzyme that participates in the tetrahydrofolate synthesis so as to inhibit purine synthesis. In addition, its downstream metabolite methotrexate polyglutamates (MTX-PGs) inhibit the thymidylate synthase (TS). Therefore, MTX can inhibit the synthesis of DNA. However, MTX has cytotoxicity and neurotoxin may cause multiple organ injury and is potentially lethal. Thus, the lower toxicity drugs are necessary to be developed. Recently, diseases treatments with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) as complements are getting more and more attention. In this study, we attempted to discover the compounds with drug-like potential for ALL treatment from the components in TCM. We applied virtual screen and QSAR models based on structure-based and ligand-based studies to identify the potential TCM component compounds. Our results show that the TCM compounds adenosine triphosphate, manninotriose, raffinose, and stachyose could have potential to improve the side effects of MTX for ALL treatment.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia after induction of chemotherapy: a pilot descriptive correlational study from Palestine

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramzi Shawahna ◽  
Sultan Mosleh ◽  
Yahya Odeh ◽  
Rami Halawa ◽  
Majd Al-Ghoul
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
T Cell ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Pediatric All

Abstract Objective Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most prevalent type of cancer among children. This study was conducted to describe and correlate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of treatment of patients with pediatric ALL in the main referral hospital in Palestine. Results Complete data of 69 patients were included in this analysis. The majority (79.7%) of the patients had B-ALL phenotype. After induction chemotherapy, remission was experienced by the vast majority of the patients and 5 (7.2%) experienced relapses. Cytogenetics for patients with B-ALL phenotype indicated that 10 (18.2%) patients had t(12, 21) translocation, 5 (9.1%) had hyperdiploidy, 4 (7.3%) had t(1, 19) translocation, and 2 (3.6%) had t(9, 22) translocation. The initial white blood cells (p value < 0.001), absolute neutrophils (p value = 0.011), and hemoglobin (p value < 0.001) were significantly lower in patients with B-cell ALL. Platelet counts were significantly lower (p value = 0.012) in patients with splenomegaly and those with bleeding symptoms (p value = 0.008). Presence of palmar pollar was positively associated (p value = 0.035) with T-cell ALL. Presence of hepatomegaly was positively associated (p value < 0.001) with splenomegaly.

scholarly journals CAR-T Cells: An Innovative Therapeutic Strategy Against Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Sheykhhasan ◽  
Hamed Manoochehri ◽  
Leila Naserpour ◽  
Naser Kalhor
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Car T Cells ◽  
Car T ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Cancer In Children

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a prevalent and highly progressive cancer in children and adolescents associated with an excessive production of immature lymphocytes in the bone marrow, which causes a negative effect on the production of other blood components, such as red blood cells, platelets, and other white blood cells (1-3).

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