scholarly journals Small-Scale Fading Analysis of the Vehicular-to-Vehicular Channel inside Tunnels

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Loredo ◽  
Adrián del Castillo ◽  
Herman Fernández ◽  
Vicent M. Rodrigo-Peñarrocha ◽  
Juan Reig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Cumulative Distribution Function ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Channel Measurements ◽  
Empirical Cumulative Distribution Function ◽  
Rice Distribution ◽  
V2v Communication ◽  
Traffic Conditions

We present a small-scale fading analysis of the vehicular-to-vehicular (V2V) propagation channel at 5.9 GHz when both the transmitter (Tx) and the receiver (Rx) vehicles are inside a tunnel and are driving in the same direction. This analysis is based on channel measurements carried out at different tunnels under real road traffic conditions. The Rice distribution has been adopted to fit the empirical cumulative distribution function (CDF). A comparison of theKfactor values inside and outside the tunnels shows differences in the small-scale fading behavior, with theKvalues derived from the measurements being lower inside the tunnels. Since there are so far few published results for these confined environments, the results obtained can be useful for the deployment of V2V communication systems inside tunnels.

Assessing the Impact of a Cooperative Merging System on Highway Traffic Using a Microscopic Flow Simulator

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis A. Ntousakis ◽  
Kallirroi Porfyri ◽  
Ioannis K. Nikolos ◽  
Markos Papageorgiou
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
Cruise Control ◽  
V2v Communication ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Critical Traffic ◽  
Vehicle Technologies ◽  
The Impact

Vehicle merging on highways has always been an important aspect, which directly affects the capacity of the highway. Under critical traffic conditions, the merging of main road traffic and on-ramp traffic is known to trigger speed breakdown and congestion. Additionally, merging is one of the most stressful tasks for the driver, since it requires a synchronized set of observations and actions. Consequently, drivers often perform merging maneuvers with low efficiency. Emerging vehicle technologies, such as cooperative adaptive cruise control and/or merging-assistance systems, are expected to enable the so-called “cooperative merging”. The purpose of this work is to propose a cooperative merging system and evaluate its performance and its impact on highway capacity. The modeling and simulation of the proposed methodology is performed within the framework of a microscopic traffic simulator. The proposed model allows for the vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, which enables the effective handling of the available gaps between vehicles. Different cases are examined through simulations, in order to assess the impact of the system on traffic flow, under various traffic conditions. Useful conclusions are derived from the simulation results, which can form the basis for more complex merging algorithms and/or strategies that adapt to traffic conditions.

scholarly journals Results of the Verification of the Statistical Distribution Model of Microseismicity Emission Characteristics

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-496
Author(s):  
Aleksander Cianciara
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Weibull Distribution ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Cumulative Distribution Function ◽  
Statistical Distribution ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Test ◽  
Empirical Cumulative Distribution Function

Abstract The paper presents the results of research aimed at verifying the hypothesis that the Weibull distribution is an appropriate statistical distribution model of microseismicity emission characteristics, namely: energy of phenomena and inter-event time. It is understood that the emission under consideration is induced by the natural rock mass fracturing. Because the recorded emission contain noise, therefore, it is subjected to an appropriate filtering. The study has been conducted using the method of statistical verification of null hypothesis that the Weibull distribution fits the empirical cumulative distribution function. As the model describing the cumulative distribution function is given in an analytical form, its verification may be performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness-of-fit test. Interpretations by means of probabilistic methods require specifying the correct model describing the statistical distribution of data. Because in these methods measurement data are not used directly, but their statistical distributions, e.g., in the method based on the hazard analysis, or in that that uses maximum value statistics.

Imprecise Adequacy Assessment of Generating System Incorporating Wind Power Based on Interval Probability

2013 ◽  
Vol 860-863 ◽  
pp. 2083-2087
Author(s):  
Xian Jun Qi ◽  
Jia Yi Shi ◽  
Xiang Tian Peng
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Cumulative Distribution Function ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Empirical Cumulative Distribution Function ◽  
Interval Probability ◽  
Generating Capacity ◽  
Adequacy Assessment ◽  
Generating System

Probability box (P-box) and interval probability (IP) were used to express both variability and imprecision of wind speed and output power of WTGs. The p-box of WTG's output power was constructed by empirical cumulative distribution function and K.S. confidence limits. The discrete IP distribution of WTG's output power was elicited from the p-box. The optimization model of imprecise generating capacity adequacy assessment incorporating wind power was established and solved by genetic algorithm (GA). Case study on RBTSW system shows the rationality of presented method.

Monitoring time-varying noise levels and perceived noisiness in hospital lobbies

2020 ◽  
pp. 1351010X2091986
Author(s):  
Chiung Yao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cumulative Distribution Function ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Factor Loading ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Normality Test ◽  
Cumulative Rate ◽  
Survey Results

The aim of this study was to verify what statistical attributes are effective descriptors of time-varying noise levels due to road traffic and complex medical routine activities in hospital lobbies. In a psychoacoustic experiment, respondents provided perceived noisiness ratings affected by 12 noise events in hospital lobbies according to the processes recommended by ISO 15666. According to the correlations between subjective and objective survey results, the average LAeq ,15 m induced during the daytime itself was confirmed to be poorly related to subjective noisiness. The three independent variables shown to have the largest effects on perceived noisiness were (1) L min − L max, (2) the effective duration of the normalized autocorrelation function ( τe, h) of all LAeq,15 m from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., and (3) the gradient of the cumulative distribution function (0.3–0.7 cumulative rate range). These statistical attributes have been confirmed as useful tools for detecting perceptions of complicated noise sources, but the associated correlations cannot be recovered from the relevant previous studies. Finally, construction noise was confirmed by factor analysis to be the accidental noise source with the highest factor loading (0.779) but a lower variance (<11.5%) than that of the primary factor (38.6%), and it was an average of 8 dB louder than the background noise at any given time. Accordingly, it is a primary confounding variable of the correlation matrixes of the results for independent hospitals verified by normality test.

scholarly journals Ray-Based Statistical Propagation Modeling for Indoor Corridor Scenarios at 15 GHz

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Wang ◽  
Bo Ai ◽  
Ke Guan ◽  
David W. Matolak ◽  
Ruisi He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Channel Model ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Propagation Characteristic ◽  
Directional Antennas ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Delay Spread ◽  
Channel Measurements ◽  
The Impact

According to the demands for fifth-generation (5G) communication systems, high frequency bands (above 6 GHz) need to be adopted to provide additional spectrum. This paper investigates the characteristics of indoor corridor channels at 15 GHz. Channel measurements with a vector network analyzer in two corridors were conducted. Based on a ray-optical approach, a deterministic channel model covering both antenna and propagation characteristic is presented. The channel model is evaluated by comparing simulated results of received power and root mean square delay spread with the corresponding measurements. By removing the impact of directional antennas from the transmitter and receiver, a path loss model as well as small-scale fading properties for typical corridors is presented based on the generated samples from the deterministic model. Results show that the standard deviation of path loss variation is related to the Tx height, and placing the Tx closer to the ceiling leads to a smaller fluctuation of path loss.

scholarly journals The Distribution of the Ratio of the Products of Two Independentα-μVariates and Its Application in the Performance Analysis of Relaying Communication Systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Matović ◽  
Edis Mekić ◽  
Nikola Sekulović ◽  
Mihajlo Stefanović ◽  
Marija Matović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Probability Density Function ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Cumulative Distribution Function ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Wireless Communication Systems ◽  
Multihop Wireless ◽  
Probability Density Function Pdf

We present novel general, simple, exact, and closed-form expressions for the probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the ratio of the products of two independentα-μvariates, where all variates have identical values of alpha parameter. Obtained results are applied in analysis of multihop wireless communication systems in different fading transmission environments. The proposed theoretical analysis is also complemented by various graphically presented numerical results.

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