scholarly journals Monitoring the Changes of Material Properties at Bone-Implant Interface during the Healing Process In Vivo: A Viscoelastic Investigation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hsiang-Ho Chen ◽  
Wei-Yi Lai ◽  
Tze-Jian Chee ◽  
Ya-Hui Chan ◽  
Sheng-Wei Feng
Keyword(s):  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study was to monitor the changes of viscoelastic properties at bone-implant interface via resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and the Periotest device during the healing process in an experimental rabbit model. Twenty-four dental implants were inserted into the femoral condyles of rabbits. The animals were sacrificed immediately after implant installation or on day 14, 28, or 56 after surgery. Viscoelastic properties at bone-implant interface were evaluated by measuring the implant stability quotient (ISQ) using RFA and by measuring the Periotest values (PTVs) using the Periotest device. The bone/implant specimens were evaluated histopathologically and histomorphometrically to determine the degree of osseointegration (BIC%). The BIC% values at different time points were then compared with the corresponding ISQ values and PTVs. The mean ISQ value increased gradually and reached 81±1.7 on day 56, whereas the mean PTV decreased over time, finally reaching −0.7±0.5 on day 56. Significant correlations were found between ISQ and BIC% (r=0.701, p<0.001), PTV and BIC% (r=-0.637, p<0.05), and ISQ and PTV (r=-0.68, p<0.05). These results show that there is a positive correlation between implant stability parameters and peri-implant-bone healing, indicating that the RFA and Periotest are useful for measuring changes of viscoelastic properties at bone-implant interface and are reliable for indirectly predicting the degree of osseointegration.

scholarly journals Mini-implant stability at the initial healing period: A clinical pilot study

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Nienkemper ◽  
Benedict Wilmes ◽  
Alexander Pauls ◽  
Dieter Drescher
Keyword(s):  
Healing Process ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Insertion Depth ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
Healing Period ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Stability

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the changes of mini-implant stability over the initial healing period in humans. Material and Methods: A sample of 19 consecutively treated patients (mean age 15.5 ± 7.3 years) was examined. In each patient, a mini-implant of a size of 2 × 9 mm was inserted into the anterior palate. Implant stability was assessed using resonance frequency analysis (RFA) immediately after insertion (T0), 2 weeks later (T1), 4 weeks later (T2), and 6 weeks later (T3). Insertion depth (ID) and the maximum insertion torque (IT) were measured. Data were tested for correlations between RFA, ID, and IT. All RFA values were tested for statistically significant differences between the different times. Results: The mean ID was 7.5 ± 0.6 mm, and the mean IT was 16.8 ± 0.6 Ncm. A correlation was found between RFA and ID (r  =  .726, P &lt; .0001), whereas no correlations between RFA and IT or between IT and ID were observed. From T0 to T1, the stability (36.1 ± 6.1 implant stability quotient [ISQ]) decreased nonsignificantly by 4.9 ± 6.1 ISQ values (P &gt; .05). Between T1 and T2, the stability decreased highly significantly (P &lt; .001) by 7.9 ± 5.9 ISQ values. From T2 on, RFA remained nearly unchanged (−1.7 ± 3.5 ISQ; P &gt; .05). Conclusions: Mini-implant stability is subject to changes during the healing process. During weeks 3 and 4, a significant decrease of the stability was observed. After 4 weeks, the stability did not change significantly.

scholarly journals Does the Osseodensification Technique Allow for the use of a Healing Chamber with Primary Stability in Low-Density Bone? An in Vivo Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Coutinho Mello-Machado ◽  
Suelen Cristina Sartoretto ◽  
Jose Mauro Granjeiro ◽  
José Albuquerque Calasans-Maia ◽  
Marcelo Jose Guedes Pinheiro Uzeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
Implant Bed

Abstract This study aimed to investigate in vivo the hypothesis that the osseodensification technique, through a wider osteotomy, produce healing chambers at the implant-bone interface with no impact on primary stability osseointegration in low-density bone. Twenty implants (3.5 x 10 mm) presenting nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) surface were inserted in the ilium of ten sheep, after preparation of a 2.7-mm wide implant bed with conventional subtractive drilling (SCD) or a 3.8-mm wide implant bed with an osseodensification bur system (OBS) (n = 5/group/period). The final insertion torque (IT) and implant stability quotient (ISQ) evaluated the primary implant stability. After 14 and 28 days, the bone samples containing the implants were processed for histological and histomorphometric evaluation of bone implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO). No significant differences occurred between the implant bed preparations regarding IT and ISQ (P > 0.05). Histological analysis showed bone remodeling, and bone growth in all samples with no inflammatory infiltrate. BIC values were higher for SCD after 14 and 28 days (p < 0.05), however BAFO values were similar on both groups (p > 0.05). It was possible to conclude that the osseodensification technique allowed a wider implant bed preparation with no prejudice on primary stability and bone remodeling.

scholarly journals Is It Possible to Monitor Implant Stability on a Prosthetic Abutment? An In Vitro Resonance Frequency Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4073
Author(s):  
Paula López-Jarana ◽  
Carmen María Díaz-Castro ◽  
Artur Falcão ◽  
Blanca Ríos-Carrasco ◽  
Ana Fernandez-Palacín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The One ◽  
Implant System

In order to apply the “one-abutment–one-time” concept, we evaluated the possibility of measuring resonance frequency analysis (RFA) on the abutment. This trial aimed to compare the Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) values obtained by the PenguinRFA when screwing the transducer onto the implant or onto abutments with different heights and angulations. Eighty implants (VEGA®, Klockner Implant System, SOADCO, Les Escaldes, Andorra) were inserted into fresh bovine ribs. The groups were composed of 20 implants, 12 mm in length, with two diameters (3.5 and 4 mm). Five different abutments for screwed retained restorations (Permanent®) were placed as follows: straight with 1, 2, and 3 mm heights, and angulated at 18° with 2 and 3 mm heights. The mean value of the ISQ measured directly on the implant was 75.72 ± 4.37. The mean value of the ISQ registered over straight abutments was 79.5 ± 8.50, 76.12 ± 6.63, and 71.42 ± 6.86 for 1, 2, and 3 mm height abutments. The mean ISQ over angled abutments of 2 and 3 mm heights were 68.74 ± 4.68 and 64.51 ± 4.53 respectively. The present study demonstrates that, when the ISQ is registered over the straight abutments of 2 and 3 mm heights, the values decrease, and values are lower for angled, 3 mm height abutments.

scholarly journals Influence of calcium ion-modified implant surfaces in protein adsorption and implant integration

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Anitua ◽  
Andreia Cerqueira ◽  
Francisco Romero-Gavilán ◽  
Iñaki García-Arnáez ◽  
Cristina Martinez-Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Adsorption ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Intervention Costs ◽  
Medial Section ◽  
Post Implantation

Abstract Background Calcium (Ca) is a well-known element in bone metabolism and blood coagulation. Here, we investigate the link between the protein adsorption pattern and the in vivo responses of surfaces modified with calcium ions (Ca-ion) as compared to standard titanium implant surfaces (control). We used LC–MS/MS to identify the proteins adhered to the surfaces after incubation with human serum and performed bilateral surgeries in the medial section of the femoral condyles of 18 New Zealand white rabbits to test osseointegration at 2 and 8 weeks post-implantation (n=9). Results Ca-ion surfaces adsorbed 181.42 times more FA10 and 3.85 times less FA12 (p<0.001), which are factors of the common and the intrinsic coagulation pathways respectively. We also detected differences in A1AT, PLMN, FA12, KNG1, HEP2, LYSC, PIP, SAMP, VTNC, SAA4, and CFAH (p<0.01). At 2 and 8 weeks post-implantation, the mean bone implant contact (BIC) with Ca-ion surfaces was respectively 1.52 and 1.25 times higher, and the mean bone volume density (BVD) was respectively 1.35 and 1.13 times higher. Differences were statistically significant for BIC at 2 and 8 weeks and for BVD at 2 weeks (p<0.05). Conclusions The strong thrombogenic protein adsorption pattern at Ca-ion surfaces correlated with significantly higher levels of implant osseointegration. More effective implant surfaces combined with smaller implants enable less invasive surgeries, shorter healing times, and overall lower intervention costs, especially in cases of low quantity or quality of bone.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Primary and Secondary Implant Stability—A Retrospective Cohort Study with 582 Implants in 272 Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8084
Author(s):  
Andreas Vollmer ◽  
Babak Saravi ◽  
Gernot Lang ◽  
Nicolai Adolphs ◽  
Derek Hazard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
Primary Implant ◽  
Preoperative Risk Stratification ◽  
Implant Length ◽  
Secondary Stability

The success rate of dental implants depends on primary and secondary stability. We investigate predictive factors for future risk stratification models. We retrospectively analyze 272 patients with a total of 582 implants. Implant stability is measured with resonance frequency analysis and evaluated based on the implant stability quotient (ISQ). A linear regression model with regression coefficients (reg. coeff.) and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) is applied to assess predictive factors for implant stability. Implant diameter (reg. coeff.: 3.28; 95% CI: 1.89–4.66, p < 0.001), implant length (reg. coeff.: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.26–1.08, p < 0.001), and implant localization (maxillary vs. mandibular, reg. coeff.: −7.45, 95% CI: −8.70–(−6.20), p < 0.001) are significant prognostic factors for primary implant stability. An increase in ISQ between insertion and exposure is significantly correlated with healing time (reg. coeff.: 0.11, 95% CI: 0.04–0.19). Patients with maxillary implants have lower ISQ at insertion but show a higher increase in ISQ after insertion than patients with mandibular implants. We observe positive associations between primary implant stability and implant diameter, implant length, and localization (mandibular vs. maxillary). An increase in implant stability between insertion and exposure is significantly correlated with healing time and is higher for maxillary implants. These predictive factors should be further evaluated in prospective cohort studies to develop future preoperative risk-stratification models.

Comparison of the In Vivo Degradation Progress of Solid Magnesium Alloy Cylinders and Screw-Shaped Magnesium Alloy Cylinders in a Rabbit Model

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 742-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina von der Höh ◽  
Dirk Bormann ◽  
Arne Lucas ◽  
Fritz Thorey ◽  
Andrea Meyer-Lindenberg
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Pitting Corrosion ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Degradation Behavior ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Computed Tomograph

Resorbable magnesium alloy implants for osteosynthetic surgery would be advantageous to common implants of titanium or surgical steel as a second surgery for implant removal would become unnecessary. To influence the degradation progress, surface modifications are sensible. As plates and screws were used to stabilize fractures, the degradation behavior of threaded cylinders is of particular interest. Therefore each eight solid MgCa0.8 alloy cylinders (3 x 5 mm) with smooth and sandblasted surface, respectively, and eight screw-shaped, threaded MgCa0.8 cylinders (thread pitch 1.25 mm, length 5 mm) were inserted into the medial femoral condyle of adult New Zealand White rabbits. Implantation periods were three and six months, within which the animals were examined daily. To evaluate a possible gas generation radiographs were taken weekly. After euthanasia the bone-implant-compound was scanned in a µ-computed tomograph (µCT80, ScancoMedical). All implants were well tolerated. Smooth implants degraded slowly. The cross sectional area did not reduce obviously after three months implantation duration and only mildly after six months. Sandblasted implants showed the fastest degradation progress after both implantation periods with the most obvious generation of gas. Threaded cylinders revealed pitting corrosion at the thread pitches. They degrade faster than smooth implants but slower than sandblasted cylinders. In summary, surface modification influences the degradation behavior of resorbable magnesium alloy implants. Contrary to common materials, smooth surfaces seem to be favorable. Thread pitches of screw-shaped implants show pitting corrosion. To what extend this result affects future applications of resorbable screws has to be examined in further investigations.

scholarly journals Anodisation Increases Integration of Unloaded Titanium Implants in Sheep Mandible

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warwick J. Duncan ◽  
Min-Ho Lee ◽  
Tae-Sung Bae ◽  
Sook-Jeong Lee ◽  
Jennifer Gay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
Phosphate Ions ◽  
Surface Control ◽  
Bone Implant Contact ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Clinically Significant

Spark discharge anodic oxidation forms porous TiO2films on titanium implant surfaces. This increases surface roughness and concentration of calcium and phosphate ions and may enhance early osseointegration. To test this, forty 3.75 mm × 13 mm titanium implants (Megagen, Korea) were placed into healed mandibular postextraction ridges of 10 sheep. There were 10 implants per group: RBM surface (control), RBM + anodised, RBM + anodised + fluoride, and titanium alloy + anodised surface. Resonant frequency analysis (RFA) was measured in implant stability quotient (ISQ) at surgery and at sacrifice after 1-month unloaded healing. Mean bone-implant contact (% BIC) was measured in undemineralised ground sections for the best three consecutive threads. One of 40 implants showed evidence of failure. RFA differed between groups at surgery but not after 1 month. RFA values increased nonsignificantly for all implants after 1 month, except for controls. There was a marked difference in BIC after 1-month healing, with higher values for alloy implants, followed by anodised + fluoride and anodised implants. Anodisation increased early osseointegration of rough-surfaced implants by 50–80%. RFA testing lacked sufficient resolution to detect this improvement. Whether this gain in early bone-implant contact is clinically significant is the subject of future experiments.

In Vivo Evaluation of Porous Titanium Implants with Biomimetic Coating

2008 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 179-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina P. Machado ◽  
Marize Varella de Oliveira ◽  
Robson Pacheco Pereira ◽  
Yasmin R. Carvalho ◽  
Carlos Alberto Alves Cairo
Keyword(s):  
Porous Titanium ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Powder Metallurgy Method ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Biomimetic Coating ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean

The osseointegration of porous titanium implants was evaluated in the present work. Implants were fabricated from ASTM grade 2 titanium by a powder metallurgy method. Part of these implants were submitted to chemical and thermal treatment in order to deposit a biomimetic coating, aiming to evaluate its influence on the osseointegration of the implants. The implants were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Electron Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Raman Spectroscopy. Three coated and three control (uncoated) implants were surgically inserted into thirty albino rabbits’ left and right tibiae, respectively. Tibiae samples were submitted to histological and histomorphometric analyses, utilizing SEM, optical microscopy and mechanical tests. EDS results indicated calcium (Ca) and phosphorous (P) at the surface and Raman spectra exhibited an intense peak, characteristic of hydroxyapatite (HA). Bone neoformation was detected at the bone-implant interface and inside the pores, including the central ones. The mean bone neoformation percentage in the coated implants was statistically higher at 15 days, compared to 30 and 45 days. The mechanical tests showed that coated implants presented higher resistance to displacement, especially after 30 and 45 days.

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