scholarly journals Urethral Reconstruction Using Mesothelial Cell-Seeded Autogenous Granulation Tissue Tube: An Experimental Study in Male Rabbits

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiwei Jiang ◽  
Zhonghua Xu ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhao ◽  
Lei Yan ◽  
Zunlin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Granulation Tissue ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Mesothelial Cell ◽  
Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Urethral Reconstruction ◽  
In Vitro Expansion ◽  
Compound Graft ◽  
Time Point

Objective. This study was to evaluate the utility of the compound graft for tubularized urethroplasty by seeding mesothelial cells onto autogenous granulation tissue.Methods. Silastic tubes were implanted subcutaneously in 18 male rabbits, of which nine underwent omentum biopsies simultaneously for in vitro expansion of mesothelial cells. The granulation tissue covering the tubes was harvested 2 weeks after operation. Mesothelial cells were seeded onto and cocultured with the tissue for 7 days. A pendulous urethral segment of 1.5 cm was totally excised. Urethroplasty was performed with mesothelial cell-seeded tissue tubes in an end-to-end fashion in nine rabbits and with unseeded grafts in others as controls. Serial urethrograms were performed at 1, 2, and 6 months postoperatively. Meanwhile, the neourethra was harvested and analyzed grossly and histologically.Results. Urethrograms showed cell-seeded grafts maintained wide at each time point, while strictures formation was found in unseeded grafts. Histologically, layers of urothelium surrounded by increasingly organized smooth muscles were observed in seeded grafts. In contrast, myofibroblasts accumulation and extensive scarring occurred in unseeded grafts.Conclusions. Mesothelial cell-seeded granulation tissue tube can be successfully used for tubularized urethroplasty in male rabbits.

The Mesothelial Cell as a Non-Thrombogenic Surface

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (02) ◽  
pp. 102-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
L J Nicholson ◽  
J M F Clarke ◽  
R M Pittilo ◽  
S J Machin ◽  
N Woolf
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Mesothelial Cell ◽  
Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
In Vitro System ◽  
Scanning Electron

SummaryA technique for harvesting mesothelial cells is described. This entails collagenase digestion of omentum after which the cells can be cultured. The technique has been developed using the rat, but has also been successfully applied to human tissue. Cultured rat mesothelial cells obtained in this way have been examined by scanning electron microscopy. Rat mesothelial cells grown on plastic film have been exposed to blood in an in vitro system using a Baumgartner chamber and have been demonstrated to support blood flow. No adhering platelets were observed on the mesothelial cell surface. Fibroblasts similarily exposed to blood as a control were washed off the plastic.

Mesothelial Cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Yung ◽  
Chan Tak Mao
Keyword(s):  
Mesothelial Cell ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Dynamic Membrane ◽  
Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Immunohistochemical Markers ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
And Function

♦ Background The introduction of peritoneal dialysis (PD) as a modality of renal replacement therapy has provoked much interest in the biology of the peritoneal mesothelial cell. Mesothelial cells isolated from omental tissue have immunohistochemical markers that are identical to those of mesothelial stem cells, and omental mesothelial cells can be cultivated in vitro to study changes to their biologic functions in the setting of PD. ♦ Method The present article describes the structure and function of mesothelial cells in the normal peritoneum and details the morphologic changes that occur after the introduction of PD. Furthermore, this article reviews the literature of mesothelial cell culture and the limitations of in vitro studies. ♦ Results The mesothelium is now considered to be a dynamic membrane that plays a pivotal role in the homeostasis of the peritoneal cavity, contributing to the control of fluid and solute transport, inflammation, and wound healing. These functional properties of the mesothelium are compromised in the setting of PD. Cultures of peritoneal mesothelial cells from omental tissue provide a relevant in vitro model that allows researchers to assess specific molecular pathways of disease in a distinct population of cells. Structural and functional attributes of mesothelial cells are discussed in relation to long-term culture, proliferation potential, age of tissue donor, use of human or animal in vitro models, and how the foregoing factors may influence in vitro data. ♦ Conclusions The ability to propagate mesothelial cells in culture has resulted, over the past two decades, in an explosion of mesothelial cell research pertaining to PD and peritoneal disorders. Independent researchers have highlighted the potential use of mesothelial cells as targets for gene therapy or transplantation in the search to provide therapeutic strategies for the preservation of the mesothelium during chemical or bacterial injury.

Cancer Antigen 1251S Locally Produced in the Peritoneal Cavity during Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ger C.M. Koomen ◽  
Michiel G.H. Betjes ◽  
Oésirée Zemel ◽  
Raymond T. Krediet ◽  
Frans J. Hoek
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Peritoneal Cavity ◽  
Mesothelial Cell ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Cancer Antigen ◽  
The Relationship

The local production of cancer antigen (CA) 125 in the peritoneal cavity of 14 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients was studied. In addition, the relationship between the concentration of mesothelial cells and CA 125 in the peritoneal dialysate effluent was examined. The median results and ranges were as follows: plasma CA 125 14 U/mL (range 10 23), dialysate CA 125 18 U/mL (range 5.2 76), dialysate/plasma ratio 1. 9 (range 0.61 -5.4), and number of mesothelial cells 400/mL (range 10 5000). Peritoneal concentrations of mesothelial cellsand CA 125 were positively correlated (r = 0.50, p < 0.01). Using a monoclonal antibody, CA 125-positive cells were found in the cytospin preparations of the cells of dialysis effluents. All these CA 125 positive cells were also positive for cytokeratin used as a mesothelial cell marker. In vitro experiments using mesothelial cells in monolayers showed a linear increase in CA 125 concentration both in time and in relation to the number of mesothelial cells. From these experiments a production rate of 24 U/hour/1 06 cells could be calculated. It is therefore concluded that CA 125 is locally produced in the peritoneal cavity during CAPD and that the mesothelial cells are the major source of this CA 125.

scholarly journals Correction: In vitro expansion impaired the stemness of early passage mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of cartilage defects

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongmeng Jiang ◽  
Guojie Xu ◽  
Qiuyan Wang ◽  
Lihui Yang ◽  
Li Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Early Passage ◽  
Original Manuscript ◽  
In Vitro Expansion ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Time Point

Following the publication of this article, the authors noticed that Fig. 5c in the original manuscript is incorrect due to an error in image handling during the creation of the figure. Specifically, the image for the group P3 BMSCs of time point 21d and the image in the group BMMNCs of time point 14d were incorrect. These linked to the group for BMMNCs of time point 21d, which was also, as a result, incorrect. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Icodextrin Effluent Leads to a Greater Proliferation than Glucose Effluent of Human Mesothelial Cells Studied Ex Vivo

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 742-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-Auxiliadora Bajo ◽  
Rafael Selgas ◽  
M.-Angeles Castro ◽  
Gloria Del Peso ◽  
Cándido Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Mesothelial Cell ◽  
Public University ◽  
Mesothelial Cells ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Proliferative Capacity ◽  
Initial Culture ◽  
Effect Of Glucose

Objective To compare the effect of glucose (Glu) and icodextrin (Ico) dialysate on in vitro culture of mesothelial cells (MC) from peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Design Prospective, controlled comparative study on the effects of two PD solutions. Setting A tertiary-care public university hospital. Patients Sixteen PD patients regularly using Glu dialysate were asked to collect an 8-hour dwell peritoneal effluent on 2 different days, with an interval shorter than 7 days. In the first collection, 2.27% Glu solution and in the last, 7.5% Ico solution was infused. Human MC were isolated from the nocturnal peritoneal effluent bags and grown ex vivo. Main Outcome Measures Mesothelial cell proliferative capacity ex vivo. Results Mesothelial cells were present in all patient dialysates except that of a single patient's Glu dialysate. The number of MC drained was similar with both solutions. After the initial culture reached confluence, MC were identified in 14 and 12 patients receiving Ico and Glu, respectively. However, in 1 patient using Ico and in 2 using Glu, the MC count at this stage was so low that further subculture could not be performed. Cells from Ico-derived solutions exhibited a higher degree of proliferation than cells from Glu-derived solutions. The morphology of MC was also different. Cells from drained effluent were typical in 11 patients using Glu solution in contrast with 14 patients using Ico. At confluence, the percentages of typical appearance were 50% and 92.9% ( p < 0.05) in Glu and Ico respectively. Conclusions Mesothelial cells taken from icodextrin effluent show a greater proliferation ex vivo than those taken from glucose effluent.

Mesothelial Cell Adherence to Vascular Prostheses and Their Subsequent Growth In Vitro

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apollo Pronk ◽  
Arthur A.G.M. Hoynck Van Papendrecht ◽  
Piet Leguit ◽  
Henri A. Verbrugh ◽  
Roel P.A.J. Verkooyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Mesothelial Cell ◽  
Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Vascular Prostheses ◽  
Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Viable Cells ◽  
Human Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells

Cell seeding may decrease the thrombogenicity of implanted vascular grafts, but its application is hampered by the limited availability of autologous endothelial cells. Human peritoneal mesothelial cells have blood flow supporting qualities and are readily available. This study investigated the adherence of mesothelial cells to vascular prostheses and their subsequent growth in vitro. Circular pieces of various vascular prosthetic materials were seeded with 51Chromium-labeled mesothelial and endothelial cells and left for either 5, 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes. The unattached cells were removed and the degree of cell attachment was measured. The number of mesothelial cells to Dacron increased during the first 60 min up to 35.2 % of the seeded inoculum whereafter a plateau was reached. Scanning electron microscopy showed spreaded mesothelial cells adherent to the Dacron fibers. A significant increase in adherence was observed after preincubation of Dacron with 10 μg/mL fibronectin, but no improvement was found after preincubation with human serum albumin or gelatin. Mesothelial cells adhered better to Gelcoated than to Gelsealed or plain Dacron. The adherence of mesothelial cells to ePTFE (Teflon) was significantly poorer. No significant differences in adherence were found between mesothelial and endothelial cells. Mesothelial cell growth on Dacron resulted in a modest increase in the number of viable cells during 27 days, which implies biocompatibility of Dacron and mesothelial cells in vitro.

scholarly journals miRNA589 Regulates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Human Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Xun Zhou ◽  
Wen-bin Tang ◽  
Li Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Mesothelial Cell ◽  
Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peritoneal Fibrosis ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Human Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells ◽  
E Cadherin

Background. microRNA (miRNA, miR) are thought to interact with multiple mRNAs which are involved in the EMT process. But the role of miRNAs in peritoneal fibrosis has remained unknown.Objective. To determine if miRNA589 regulates the EMT induced by TGFβ1 in human peritoneal mesothelial cell line (HMrSV5 cells).Methods. 1. Level of miR589 was detected in both human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) isolated from continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients’ effluent and HMrSV5 cells treated with or without TGFβ1. 2. HMrSV5 cells were divided into three groups: control group, TGFβ1 group, and pre-miR-589+TGFβ1 group. The level of miRNA589 was determined by realtime PCR. The expressions of ZO-1, vimentin, and E-cadherin in HPMCs were detected, respectively.Results. Decreased level of miRNA589 was obtained in either HPMCs of long-term CAPD patients or HMrSV5 cells treated with TGFβ1. In vitro, TGFβ1 led to upregulation of vimentin and downregulation of ZO-1 as well as E-cadherin in HMrSV5 cells, which suggested EMT, was induced. The changes were accompanied with notably decreased level of miRNA589 in HMrSV5 cells treated with TGFβ1. Overexpression of miRNA589 by transfection with pre-miRNA589 partially reversed these EMT changes.Conclusion. miRNA589 mediates TGFβ1 induced EMT in human peritoneal mesothelial cells.

Glycerol Toxicity for Human Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells in Culture: Comparison with Glucose

1994 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 252-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Witowski ◽  
J. Knapowski
Keyword(s):  
Mesothelial Cell ◽  
Cellular Protein ◽  
Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Proline Incorporation ◽  
Human Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Dose Dependent Decrease ◽  
Dose Dependent

Glycerol has been proposed as a substitute osmotic agent for glucose in peritoneal dialysis fluids. We have compared the effect of glycerol and glucose on the function of human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC) in vitro. The viability of HPMC was not affected by glycerol (up to 250 mM), whereas it was reduced by glucose in a time- and dose-dependent manner, as assessed by the LDH release. Although the incubation of HPMC with glycerol induced a dose-dependent decrease in HPMC proliferation, the effect was significantly less inhibitory than that produced by glucose. In HPMC treated with 90 mM of glycerol or glucose the incorporation of [3H]-thymidine had reached 79.0±19.3% and 55.3+4.0% of the control (p<0.05 and p<0.01), respectively. As measured by the [methyl-14C]-choline incorporation, the intracellular amount of newly synthesized phospholipids was reduced from (cpm/μg cellular protein) 147±58 in control HPMC to 59+15 in cells exposed to 90 mM of glucose (p<0.01), but not affected by glycerol (163±65). On the other hand, both glycerol and glucose (90 mM) decreased the synthesis of proteins (as assessed by the [3H]-proline incorporation) and interfered with potassium (86Rb) transport mechanisms in HPMC. Our data suggest that there exist some possibly advantageous aspects of glycerol as far as mesothelial cell biocompatibility profile is concerned.

scholarly journals Hyperbranched Polyglycerol is an Efficacious and Biocompatible Novel Osmotic Agent in a Rodent Model of Peritoneal Dialysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asher A. Mendelson ◽  
Qiunong Guan ◽  
Irina Chafeeva ◽  
Gerald A. da Roza ◽  
Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Mesothelial Cell ◽  
Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Rodent Model ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Hyperbranched Polyglycerol

♦ObjectivesTo enhance the effectiveness of peritoneal dialysis (PD), new biocompatible PD solutions may be needed. The present study was designed to test the efficacy and biocompatibility of hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG)—a nontoxic, nonimmunogenic water-soluble polyether polymer—in PD.♦MethodsAdult Sprague–Dawley rats were instilled with 30 mL HPG solution (molecular weight 3 kDa; 2.5% – 15%) or control glucose PD solution (2.5% Dianeal: Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Deerfield, IL, USA), and intraperitoneal fluid was recovered after 4 hours. Peritoneal injury and cellular infiltration were determined by histologic and flow cytometric analysis. Human peritoneal mesothelial cells were assessed for viability in vitro after 3 hours of PD fluid exposure.♦ResultsThe 15% HPG solution achieved a 4-hour dose-related ultrafiltration up to 43.33 ± 5.24 mL and a dose-related urea clearance up to 39.17 ± 5.21 mL, results that were superior to those with control PD solution ( p < 0.05). The dialysate-to-plasma (D/P) ratios of urea with 7.5% and 15% HPG solution were not statistically different from those with control PD solution. Compared with fluid recovered from the control group, fluid recovered from the HPG group contained proportionally fewer neutrophils (3.63% ± 0.87% vs 9.31% ± 2.89%, p < 0.0001). Detachment of mesothelial cells positive for human bone marrow endothelial protein 1 did not increase in the HPG group compared with the stain control ( p = 0.1832), but it was elevated in the control PD solution group (1.62% ± 0.68% vs 0.41% ± 0.31%, p = 0.0031). Peritoneal biopsies from animals in the HPG PD group, compared with those from control PD animals, demonstrated less neutrophilic infiltration and reduced thickness. Human peritoneal mesothelial cell survival after HPG exposure was superior in vitro ( p < 0.0001, 7.5% HPG vs control; p < 0.01, 15% HPG vs control). Exposure to glucose PD solution induced cytoplasmic vacuolation and caspase 3–independent necrotic cell death that was not seen with HPG solution.♦ConclusionsOur novel HPG PD solution demonstrated effective ultrafiltration and waste removal with reduced peritoneal injury in a rodent model of PD.

Activation of proteinase-activated receptor-2 in mesothelial cells induces pleural inflammation

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (4) ◽  
pp. L734-L740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.C. Gary Lee ◽  
Darryl A. Knight ◽  
Kirk B. Lane ◽  
Dong Sheng Cheng ◽  
M. Audrey Koay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Mesothelial Cell ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Pleural Diseases ◽  
Dose Dependent

Pleural inflammation underlies many pleural diseases, but its pathogenesis remains unclear. Proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) is a novel seven-transmembrane receptor with immunoregulatory roles. We hypothesized that PAR2 is present on mesothelial cells and can induce pleural inflammation. PAR2 was detected by immunohistochemistry in all (19 parietal and 11 visceral) human pleural biopsies examined. In cultured murine mesothelial cells, a specific PAR2-activating peptide (SLIGRL-NH2) at 10, 100, and 1,000 μM stimulated a 3-, 42-, and 1,330-fold increase of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2 release relative to medium control, respectively ( P < 0.05 all) and a 2-, 32-, and 75-fold rise over the control peptide (LSIGRL-NH2, P < 0.05 all). A similar pattern was seen for TNF-α release. Known physiological activators of PAR2, tryptase, trypsin, and coagulation factor Xa, also stimulated dose-dependent MIP-2 release from mesothelial cells in vitro. Dexamethasone inhibited the PAR2-mediated MIP-2 release in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo, pleural fluid MIP-2 levels in C57BL/6 mice injected intrapleurally with SLIGRL-NH2 (10 mg/kg) were significantly higher than in mice injected with LSIGRL-NH2 or PBS (2,710 ± 165 vs. 880 ± 357 vs. 88 ± 46 pg/ml, respectively; P < 0.001). Pleural fluid neutrophil counts were higher in SLIGRL-NH2 group than in the LSIGRL-NH2 and PBS groups (by 40- and 26-fold, respectively; P < 0.05). This study establishes that activation of mesothelial cell PAR2 potently induces the release of inflammatory cytokines in vitro and neutrophil recruitment into the pleural cavity in vivo.

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