scholarly journals Selective Route Based on SNR with Cross-Layer Scheme in Wireless Ad Hoc Network

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Istikmal ◽  
Adit Kurniawan ◽  
Hendrawan
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Cross Layer ◽  
Hop Count ◽  
Routing Overhead ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Better Than

In this study, we developed network and throughput formulation models and proposed new method of the routing protocol algorithm with a cross-layer scheme based on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This method is an enhancement of routing protocol ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV). This proposed scheme uses selective route based on the SNR threshold in the reverse route mechanism. We developed AODV SNR-selective route (AODV SNR-SR) for a mechanism better than AODV SNR, that is, the routing protocol that used average or sum of path SNR, and also better than AODV which is hop-count-based. We also used selective reverse route based on SNR mechanism, replacing the earlier method to avoid routing overhead. The simulation results show that AODV SNR-SR outperforms AODV SNR and AODV in terms of throughput, end-to-end delay, and routing overhead. This proposed method is expected to support Device-to-Device (D2D) communications that are concerned with the quality of the channel awareness in the development of the future Fifth Generation (5G).

A Real Time Video Transmission Routing Protocol in Multi-Interface Multi-Channel Ad Hoc Based on Queue Length and Delay Contraint

2012 ◽  
Vol 241-244 ◽  
pp. 2354-2361
Author(s):  
Ling Song ◽  
Tao Shen Li ◽  
Yan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Video Transmission ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Link Quality ◽  
Channel Switching ◽  
Quality Metric ◽  
Switching Algorithm

Real-time video transmission demands tremendous bandwidth, throughput and strict delay. For transmitting real-time video in the multi-interface multi-channel Ad hoc, firstly, we applied multi-interface multi-channel extension methods to the AOMDV (Ad-hoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector) routing protocol, and improved extant channel switching algorithm, called MIMC-AOMDV (Multi-Interface Multi-Channel AOMDV) routing protocol. Secondly, we proposed video streaming delay QoS(Quality of Service) constraint and link-quality metrics, which used the multi interface queue’s total used length to get QMMIMC-AOMDV (Quality metric MIMC -AOMDV) routing protocol. The simulations show that the proposed QMMIMC-AOMDV can reduce the frame delay effectively and raise frame decodable rate and peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), it is more suitable for real-time video streams.

scholarly journals Analysis of Quality of Service for the AOMDV Routing Protocol

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 359-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. B. Kute ◽  
M. U. Kharat
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Route Failure ◽  
Qos Guarantees ◽  
Path Distance ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Single Path

Due to the dynamic nature of Mobile Ad-hoc Networks  (MANETs), the provision of Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees is challenging. The route failure probability in a MANET is increased due to the mobility of nodes, which increases routing overhead. Multi-path routing protocols have relatively greater ability to reduce the routing overheads.  This paper discuses the performance analysis of the Ad-hoc On-Demand Multi-Path Distance Vector (AOMDV) routing protocol. AOMDV is a multi-path extension of a very well known single path routing protocol, (AODV). Extensive simulations were carried out using ns-2.34 and the study concluded that for CBR traffic AOMDV performance degrades as the data packet generation rate increases.

scholarly journals Analisis Kinerja Protokol Routing AODV Single Path dan Multipath Pada Jaringan IEEE 802.15.4/ ZIGBEE

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hamidi
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
File Transfer Protocol ◽  
File Transfer ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Constant Bit Rate ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Single Path

Routing protocol is used to keep the stabilization of connection. Its connected with the performance was caused good communication when the communication from the source node to the destination node. The main factor of success in routing protocol techniques was quality of service to provide the difference level of service in arraging and giving the traffic service prority in the the network like constant bit rate (CBR) and file transfer protocol (FTP) using wireless network sensor network (WSN).This research will analyse the achivement quality of service in IEEE 802.15.4/Zigbee network used routing protocol techniques ad hoc on demand distance vector (AODV) single path and multipath based on distance and number of nodes simulated used Cygwin software. Based on the results of tests performed using the technique of routing protocol Ad Hoc On Demand Distance Vector single path and multipath for service traffic with constant bit rate and file transfer protocol, the result packet delivery ratio and goodput better on the distance between nodes 10m than the distance between node 15m to 25m, thus indicating that the goodput affect the traffic services are used. And the average delay results using the technique of multipath routing protocol AODV lower, thus indicating that the alternative pathway suppress buffer traffic delay on the service used.

scholarly journals An Optimized and Efficient Routing Protocol Application for IoV

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Kiran Afzal ◽  
Rehan Tariq ◽  
Farhan Aadil ◽  
Zeshan Iqbal ◽  
Nouman Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Link State ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Optimized Link State Routing ◽  
Better Than

IoV is the latest application of VANET and is the alliance of Internet and IoT. With the rapid progress in technology, people are searching for a traffic environment where they would have maximum collaboration with their surroundings which comprise other vehicles. It has become a necessity to find such a traffic environment where we have less traffic congestion, minimum chances of a vehicular collision, minimum communication delay, fewer communication errors, and a greater message delivery ratio. For this purpose, a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) was devised where vehicles were communicating with each other in an infrastructureless environment. In VANET, vehicles communicate in an ad hoc manner and communicate with each other to deliver messages, for infotainment purposes or for warning other vehicles about emergency scenarios. Unmanned aerial vehicle- (UAV-) assisted VANET is one of the emerging fields nowadays. For VANET’s routing efficiency, several routing protocols are being used like optimized link state routing (OLSR) protocol, ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol, and destination-sequenced distance vector (DSDV) protocol. To meet the need of the upcoming era of artificial intelligence, researchers are working to improve the route optimization problems in VANETs by employing UAVs. The proposed system is based on a model of VANET involving interaction with aerial nodes (UAVs) for efficient data delivery and better performance. Comparisons of traditional routing protocols with UAV-based protocols have been made in the scenario of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. Later on, communication of vehicles via aerial nodes has been studied for the same purpose. The results have been generated through various simulations. After performing extensive simulations by varying different parameters over grid sizes of 300 × 1500 m to 300 × 6000 m, it is evident that although the traditional DSDV routing protocol performs 14% better than drone-assisted destination-sequenced distance vector (DA-DSDV) when we have number of sinks equal to 25, the performance of drone-assisted optimized link state routing (DA-OLSR) protocol is 0.5% better than that of traditional OLSR, whereas drone-assisted ad hoc on-demand distance vector (DA-AODV) performs 22% better than traditional AODV. Moreover, if we increase the number of sinks up to 50, it can be clearly seen that the DA-AODV outperforms the rest of the routing protocols by up to 60% (either traditional routing protocol or drone-assisted routing protocol). In addition, for parameters like MAC/PHY overhead and packet delivery ratio, the performance of our proposed drone-assisted variants of protocols is also better than that of the traditional routing protocols. These results show that our proposed strategy performs better than the traditional VANET protocols and plays important role in minimizing the MAC/PHY and enhancing the average throughput along with average packet delivery ratio.

scholarly journals Soft Computing approach to enhance the Performance of AODV (Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) Routing Protocol using Active Route TimeOut (ART) Parameter in MANETs

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 3060-3068
Author(s):  
Bonu Satish Kumar , Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Hop Count ◽  
Control Packet ◽  
Examination Protocol ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Computing Approach

While its advancement inside MANETs, the AODV routing protocol convention has been and stays a powerful and gainful examination protocol, with association with its course Active Route Timeout (ART), AODV utilizes a predictable worth that demonstrates the time and the course which may stay dynamic in the directing table. A long period of the course might be chosen powerfully, dependably through the estimation, as opposed to reliable worth. For this reason, a Fuzzy rationale framework is utilized to procure the versatile qualities for ART dependent on the transmitter conditions and interceding hubs.As indicated by the pre-essentials of the International Engineering Task Force (IETF), we shouldn't be taking stil qualities in the powerful atmosphere. Subsequently, ART's tweaking of turncoat esteems is accomplished by applies fluffy principles on the info factors hop-count, Sent Control Packet, and Nodes Number. AODV convention yield is assessed after the utilization of Fuzzy based methodology. The proficiency of AODV and FBARTAODV Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks will be examined with results. In this paper we give outcome show so as to the FBARTAODV perform enhanced compared to the in progress AODV.

scholarly journals Blockchain Based Packet Delivery Mechanism for WSN

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1112-1117 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Anchor Nodes ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Block Chain ◽  
Delivery Mechanism

The latest trend in the research filed implies the importance of data security in wireless sensor networks. There are various approaches identified for securing the data by using trust wide security such as cryptographic systems and routing protocols. However, these approaches are very critical to identify the optimal path in the network and attacks by unauthorized node cannot be prevented. In this paper, a new algorithm for combining the AODV (Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) routing protocol and particle swarm optimization (PSO) is implemented to produce trustable routing in every location through block chain. The possible routing procedure will enhance the routing nodes to acquire routing information among all the nodes but will never allow the node to capture the information. The routing protocol on the blockchain is used to utilize the path efficiently without deviation caused by other anchor nodes. It also identifies the congestion in the entire path of the particular network and avoids tampering of information between the nodes. The blockchain enabled with PSO algorithm and AODV routing protocol provides the simulation results about the efficient packet delivery system. The Security has been performed in every node used to identify the best route for producing the efficient throughput and quality of services.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Enhanced Ad-Hoc on-Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol in Smart Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1548-1554
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Smart Environment ◽  
Distance Vector

MANETs have specific features that can satisfy the mobility and heterogeneous requirement of the smart environment. Smart applications need high Mobility, Bandwidth, Reliability and less Packet Loss and Delays; therefore, it is important to provide good Quality of Service (QoS) in such applications. So there is a dire need of identifying and exploring the relevant protocols that may be adapted for IoT enabled the smart environment. The routing protocols in smart environments are accountable for connectivity among nodes, fairness, quality of service, etc. Protocol & path selection is the main strategies to design any mobile network. The chosen protocol must have the best in term of data integrity and data delivery. Hence the analysis of the protocols become an essential step. This paper presents various securities and safety-related issues of MANET-IoT system, and also advocate the requirement of enhancing routing protocols in a smart environment. In this research, a new enhanced cache update technique is introduced in MANET protocol to make it enable for the upcoming smart environment. The enhanced algorithm helps to detect the malicious node and remove the stale route present in the network, no matter which traffic mode is used and in which direction nodes are moving. Cache is upgraded in such manner that all nodes in the way are notified about the misbehaving node and its adjacent neighbors’ nodes will not use misbehaving node while searching for the route. Here the analysis has been done taking a various number of nodes. Packet Delivery and Packet Lost are two key parameters taken for analysis purpose.

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