scholarly journals Prevalence, Severity, and Determinant Factors of Anemia among Pregnant Women in South Sudanese Refugees, Pugnido, Western Ethiopia

Anemia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aklilu Alemayehu ◽  
Lealem Gedefaw ◽  
Tilahun Yemane ◽  
Yaregal Asres
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Determinant Factors ◽  
Related Data ◽  
South Sudanese ◽  
Sudanese Refugees ◽  
Western Ethiopia

Background.Anemia is one of the major health problems among refugee pregnant women in the world. Anemia among pregnant women is multifactorial and results in detrimental consequences on the mothers and infants. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, severity, and determinants of anemia among pregnant women in South Sudanese refugees, Pugnido western, Ethiopia.Methods.A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Pugnido Administration Refugee and Returnee Affairs Health Center from April 15 to June 30, 2015. Demographic and related data were collected using questionnaire based interview. Complete blood count was done using CELL-DYN 1800 (Abbott USA). Blood smear and fecal specimen were examined for hemoparasite and intestinal parasite, respectively. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done using SPSS-Version 20.0.Results.The overall prevalence of anemia was 36.1%, from whom 2.3% had severe anemia. Being in third trimester, eating meat at most once a week, drinking tea immediately after meal at least once a day, having mid-upper arm circumference below 21 centimeters, and intestinal parasitic infection were identified as independent factors of anemia.Conclusion.More than one-third of pregnant women had anemia in this study. Intervention based strategies on identified determinant factors will be very important to combat anemia among the group.

scholarly journals Conhecimento das gestantes assistidas em uma unidade de atendimento obstétrico em relação à toxoplasmose gestacional

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (52) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Steffany Costa Acioli ◽  
Valnizete Bernardo Da Silva Porto ◽  
José Rodrigo Da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Tereza Lúcia Gomes Quirino Maranhão ◽  
Sandra Regina Guimarães Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Seek Health Care ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Cooked Meat

<p>Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infection caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii that has clinical importance in pregnant women due to the risk of congenital infections, which may cause serious consequences to the fetus. Many pregnant women do not take prenatal care or seek health care late, which can also make the control of toxoplasmosis difficult. In this work, we evaluated the knowledge of pregnant women assisted in an obstetric care unit regarding gestational toxoplasmosis. A cross-sectional study of a descriptive character was carried out with pregnant women attended at a Basic Health Unit in Maceió (AL). The research sample was the non-probabilistic for convenience, covering 20 pregnant women undergoing prenatal care. Data was collected through a standardized questionnaire, from August to October 2018. It was observed that the majority of pregnant women were aged between 18 and 23 years old (50%) and had completed elementary school (45%). With regards to the knowledge about toxoplasmosis, most of the pregnant women were unaware of this zoonosis (75%). Regarding the possible factors associated with the occurrence of infection by T. gondii, 85% of pregnant women reported eating well-cooked meat, 55% consuming filtered water, 45% consuming boiled milk and only 20% reported having cats at home.</p>

scholarly journals Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and its association with anemia among pregnant women in Wondo Genet district, Southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelo Bolka ◽  
Samson Gebremedhin
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitosis

Abstract Background Previous studies reported contradicting findings about the association between intestinal parasitosis and maternal anemia. In this study we aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and its association with anemia among pregnant women in Wondo Genet district, Southern Ethiopia. Methods This facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in June and July 2018. Pregnant women (n=352) were randomly drawn from five health centers using antenatal care follow-up lists. Trained data collectors administered the questionnaire. Capillary blood was collected and analyzed for hemoglobin using the HemoCue method. Stool sample was collected following standard procedure and analyzed for the presence and types of intestinal parasites using direct microscopy with Formalin-ether concentration technique. Association between intestinal parasitosis and anemia was measured using multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. The outputs are presented using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 38.7% (95% CI: 33.6-43.8%). One-tenth (9.7%) of the pregnant women were infected with polyparasites. Ascaris lumbricoides was the predominant infection encountered in 24.9% of the women. The other infections identified were: hookworms (11.2%), Giardia lamblia (5.4%), Entamoeba histolytica (3.4%), Trichuris trichiura (2.9%) and Schistosoma mansoni (2.3%). The mean (± standard deviation) hemoglobin concentration was 12.3 (±1.9) g/dl and 31.5% (95% CI: 26.6-36.4%) women were anemic (hemoglobin < 11 g/dl). The prevalence of anemia among women infected with intestinal parasite (55.6%) was substantially higher than the prevalence in their counterparts (16.4%) (p<0.001). In a multivariable model adjusted for multiple potential confounders including socio-economic status indicators, the odds of anemia were six times increased (AOR=6.14, 95% CI: 2.04-18.45) among those affected by at least one intestinal parasite. Conclusion Strengthening the existing water, sanitation and hygiene programs and routine deworming of pregnant mothers may help to reduce the burden of both intestinal parasitic infection and anemia in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Relationship between DMFT index and number of pregnancies: a cross-sectional study on enrollment phase of the Tabari Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Elyassi Gorji ◽  
Pegah Nasiri ◽  
Ali Malekzadeh Shafaroudi ◽  
Zohreh Shahhosseini ◽  
Zeinab Hamzehgardeshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Dmft Index

Abstract Background People of all age and gender groups are at risk of dental diseases; however, some groups, such as pregnant women, are more vulnerable than others due to their specific physiological situations. The protection of maternal and fetal is critical. Therefore, the present study intended to investigate the relationship between the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and the number of pregnancies. Methods The present cross-sectional study was performed using the Tabari Cohort Study (T.C.S.) data. Data of 5,496 women enrolled in the T.C.S. were included in the study. After obtaining the approval of the Ethics Committee, the related data on the variables of age, age at the first pregnancy, number of pregnancies, total number of teeth at the time of examination, number of DMFT, employment status, socioeconomic status, educational level, residence location, body mass index, and the status of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases were extracted. Finally, data analysis was performed in the STATA software (version 14). Results The mean DMFT index in women with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and more than six pregnancies were obtained at 12.74 ± 7.11, 13.09 ± 7.06, 14.80 ± 7.81, 17.07 ± 8.11, 19.82 ± 9.02, 22.89 ± 8.98, and 26.17 ± 8.01, respectively (P < 0.001). Using the multivariate linear regression and adjusting the effect of potential confounding variables, it was found that the DMFT index increased by 34% for each unit increase in the number of pregnancies (β = 0.34, P < 0.001). Conclusions According to our results, there was a significant relationship between the DMFT index and the number of pregnancies. The DMFT index was increased with an increased number of pregnancies. Therefore, oral healthcare promotion should receive special attention in healthcare planning and related policies by raising awareness and providing easy access to dental services for women of childbearing age, especially pregnant women.

scholarly journals The Perception of Mothers on Malaria, Toxoplasmosis and their Pathological Consequences in the Mother and Baby in Biyem-Assi Yaounde

2021 ◽  
pp. 123-137
Author(s):  
Judith Lum Ndamukong-Nyanga ◽  
Todjom Chysine Lucile ◽  
Kitio Falone Linda ◽  
Signi, Demanou Teubow Dolly-Misper
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Sub Saharan

Malaria is a parasitic disease that causes morbidity and mortality in many areas of the world especially in Sub-Saharan Africa and particularly in Cameroon. It is characterised by febrile manifestation, liver inflammation and anaemia. Toxoplasmosis is another parasitic infection caused by an obligate intracellular parasite (Toxoplasma gondii) and is found in many countries of the world. It causes spontaneous abortion in pregnant women and hydrocephally in new- born babies. Malaria and Toxoplasmosis co-infections can cause serious pathological consequences on both mother and fœtus.  The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of malaria, toxoplasmosis, and malaria and toxoplasmosis coinfection in pregnant women during ante natal consultations at Biyem - Assi hospital and to assess their knowledge of the pathological consequences of malaria, toxoplasmosis, and coinfection on the mother and baby. It was a cross-sectional study. Blood samples were collected by finger-prinking and structured questionnaires were administered to 226 pregnant women. The results showed that 39.38 %, 23 % and 8.4 % of women tested positive for malaria, toxoplasmosis and coinfection respectively. The most commonly cited consequence of theses infections was spontaneous abortion. The results obtained showed a significant association between the level of education and the level of knowledge of women about toxoplasmosis and coinfection of toxoplasmosis and malaria (p < 0.05). The level of knowledge of the pregnant woman is not satisfactory as regards toxoplasmosis and co-infection but quite good as regards malaria. The studies have revealed the need for continouos education on toxoplasmosis for pregnant women and girls of childbearing age, and more comprehensive preventive measures. The implementation of public health and education policies that take into account economic, social, environmental and cultural differences are of prime importance.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis among Human Immunodeficiency Virus infected pregnant women in Abuja Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-175
Author(s):  
Maryam Muhammad Zakari ◽  
◽  
Aliyu Yabagi Isah ◽  
Richards Offiong ◽  
Thairu Yunusa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Seropositive

Introduction. Toxoplasmosis is a neglected parasitic infection that has economic and epidemiological significance. Data on toxoplasmosis seroprevalence among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected pregnant women may be of obstetric and neonatal concern. Aim. The study was designed to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis and associated risk factors in HIV-positive pregnant women attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Northcentral Nigeria. Material and methods. This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. A total of 160 HIV seropositive pregnant women were recruited. Blood samples were collected and tested for anti-T. gondii IgM and IgG using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Structured questionnaires were used to collate the sociodemographic variables of participants. Results. Out of the 160 of HIV seropositive pregnant women, the seroprevalence anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM were 29.4% and 4.4%, respectively. There was no significant association between anti-T. gondii and all sociodemographic variables studied (p>0.05). Conclusion. The overall result of this study revealed that the majority of pregnant women were exposed to toxoplasmosis much earlier in life. Hence, these findings will assist obstetricians and gynecologists in the early diagnosis and management of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women, especially HIV coinfected ones with IgM seropositivity.

scholarly journals Prevalence and predictors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women from Dhamar, Yemen

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulelah H. Al-Adhroey ◽  
Amat Al-Khaleq O. Mehrass ◽  
Abdulqawi A. Al-Shammakh ◽  
Abdullatif D. Ali ◽  
Mohammed Y. M. Akabat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Abstract Background Toxoplasmosis is a common and serious parasitic infection caused by the ubiquitous obligatory intracellular protozoan organism, Toxoplasma gondii. Although infection with T. gondii is usually asymptomatic in healthy individuals, it can lead to severe pathological effects in congenital cases and immunocompromised patients. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii and its predictors among pregnant women seeking prenatal and medical care at the general maternal and child health facility in Dhamar district of Dhamar governorate, Yemen. Methods A total of 420 pregnant women were randomly selected for this cross-sectional study. Participants were screened for anti-T. gondii antibodies (i.e. immunoglobulin M; IgM and immunoglobulin G; IgG) using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Demographic, socioeconomic, obstetric and behavioural data were collected using a pretested questionnaire via face-to-face interview. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the independent predictors of T. gondii seroprevalence. Results The overall seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies (IgG and/or IgM) among the participants was 21.2% (89/420; 95% CI = 17.3–25.1). Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were detected in 20.0% (84/420) of the women of which 12.9% (54/420) were positive for only IgG and 7.1% (30/420) were positive for both IgG and IgM antibodies. Moreover, 5 women (1.2%) were reactive only for IgM antibodies. Significant associations between T. gondii seroprevalence and history of spontaneous abortion (P <  0.001), raw vegetables consumption (P = 0.036), and presence of cats in household (P = 0.049) were reported. Multivariate analysis confirmed that history of spontaneous abortion (AOR = 4.04; 95% CI = [2.46, 6.63]) and presence of cats in household (AOR = 1.77; 95% CI = [1.02, 3.07]) are significant predictors of T. gondii seroprevalence among the studied participants. Conclusion The study found a high seroprevalence (21.2%) of T. gondii infection during pregnancy in Dhamar district, which is significantly associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. The provision of adequate maternal healthcare and health education pertaining to the prevention of T. gondii infection is therefore imperative to curtail the prevalence of infection among the studied population.

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