scholarly journals Fractional Characteristics of Heavy Metals Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd in Sewer Sediment from Areas in Central Beijing, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Haiyan Li ◽  
Mingxiu Wang ◽  
Wenwen Zhang ◽  
Ziyang Zhang ◽  
Xiaoran Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Pollution Assessment ◽  
Mn Oxide ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
Functional Areas ◽  
Beijing China ◽  
Very High

To identify the distribution of heavy metals in sewer sediments and assess their potential harmfulness to the environment and human health, the occurrence of Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd in the sewer sediment of six functional areas and two streets in an inner-city suburb of Beijing, China, was investigated by using a sequential extraction procedure. Results show that the concentrations of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb vary between 50 and 175, between 80 and 180, between 0.75 and 2.5, and between 20 and 110 mg/kg, respectively, and Fe-Mn oxide fraction is significant for all metals in sampling areas. Pollution assessment shows that 1–2% of Cu at Chegongzhuang Street and 1–3% of Zn at Fuwai Street in the exchangeable fractions are of low risk. 10–25% of Cd at six functional areas indicates medium risk. 40–60% of Pb at Fuwai Street existing in the exchangeable fractions is of high to very high risk. The sum of these metals associated with exchangeable, carbonate bound, and Fe-Mn oxide fractions is quite high; however, these three fractions represent the proportion of heavy metals that can be remobilized by changes in environmental conditions.

A practical composite risk score for the development of Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome from Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 861-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Hamilton ◽  
John Cullinan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
Composite Risk ◽  
Very High ◽  
Estimation Of Risk

Abstract Background Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome (HUS) is a serious complication of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infection and the key reason why intensive health protection against STEC is required. However, although many potential risk factors have been identified, accurate estimation of risk of HUS from STEC remains challenging. Therefore, we aimed to develop a practical composite score to promptly estimate the risk of developing HUS from STEC. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study where data for all confirmed STEC infections in Ireland during 2013–15 were subjected to statistical analysis with respect to predicting HUS. Multivariable logistic regression was used to develop a composite risk score, segregating risk of HUS into ‘very low risk’ (0–0.4%), ‘low risk’ (0.5–0.9%), ‘medium risk’ (1.0–4.4%), ‘high risk’ (4.5–9.9%) and ‘very high risk’ (10.0% and over). Results There were 1397 STEC notifications with complete information regarding HUS, of whom 5.1% developed HUS. Young age, vomiting, bloody diarrhoea, Shiga toxin 2, infection during April to November, and infection in Eastern and North-Eastern regions of Ireland, were all statistically significant independent predictors of HUS. Demonstration of a risk gradient provided internal validity to the risk score: 0.2% in the cohort with ‘very low risk’ (1/430), 1.1% with ‘low risk’ (2/182), 2.3% with ‘medium risk’ (8/345), 3.1% with ‘high risk’ (3/98) and 22.2% with ‘very high risk’ (43/194) scores, respectively, developed HUS. Conclusion We have developed a composite risk score which may be of practical value, once externally validated, in prompt estimation of risk of HUS from STEC infection.

scholarly journals Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Model for Monitoring Hypertension Risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Inference Model ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Hypertension Risk ◽  
Neuro Fuzzy ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
Very High

This study presented a model to classify risk of hypertension using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). In order to develop the model cardiologists from teaching hospitals in Nigeria were interviewed so as to identify required variables for classification. Structured questionnaires were used to elicit information about the risk factors and the associated risk of hypertension from respondents. The MATLAB ANFIS Toolbox was used to simulate the model. The result of this study revealed that there were 33 main variables identified for monitoring hypertension risk and they were in line with the WHO/ISH classification standard. The result showed that majority of the patients selected had very high risk (57.0%) of hypertension which consisted more than 50% of the patients selected followed by 19% representing patients with high risk of hypertension, followed by patients with medium risk of hypertension. In conclusion, the model assist healthcare professionals to have accurate diagnosis, early detection and proper management of hypertension.

scholarly journals Sequential extraction studies on the river Tisa sediments for the assessment of the metal pollution

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Snezana Strbac ◽  
Milica Kasanin-Grubin ◽  
Gordana Gajica ◽  
Jelena Mutic ◽  
Nebojsa Vasic
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Sequential Extraction Procedure ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction ◽  
Anthropogenic Origin ◽  
Medium Risk

The sequential extraction procedure was applied for partitioning of metals in river sediments collected along the course of the river Tisa (Serbia). Eight elements (Sb, Sn, As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn) from twenty-one sampling site were analyzed using the modified BCR sequential extraction procedure in combination with ICP-OES. The results of sequential extraction, statistical analyses and calculation of EF and lithogenic and anthro?pogenic ratio of metals are similar. In the river Tisa sediments Sn, Cd, Hg, Pb and Zn are of anthropogenic origin, while As, Cu and Sb are of lithogenic and anthropogenic origin. The sediments from the river Tisa show high risk for Cd, medium risk for Hg and Zn, low risk for Sn, As, Cu and Pb, whereas Sb does not show the risk for the aquatic environment.

Oil Pollution Assessment of Soils in Khabarovsk

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
A.M. Koshelkov ◽  
L.P. Mayorova
Keyword(s):  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Pollution Assessment ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Aggregate Sample ◽  
Functional Zones ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
Functional Areas ◽  
Very High

The TPH-in-soil of three functional zones (industrial, residential, agro-residential) of Khabarovsk have been studied. Areas of acceptable, low, moderately hazardous, moderate, high and very high pollution levels have been identified. It has been found that the TPH-in-soil of different urban functional areas differs significantly. For statistical processing of experimental data, the Boxplots method ("box-and-whiskers diagram") has been used. It has been proposed to switch to the median value of the aggregate sample of the TPH-in-soil in residential and agro-residential areas as the baseline data.

scholarly journals Methodological approaches to the assessment of heavy metal contamination in urban ecosystems soils

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Elena Valerievna Yudina
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Pollution Assessment ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
Data Content ◽  
Very High

The paper presents the assessment of heavy metal pollution of Abakan soils, the main source of which is motor transport. The pollution assessment of the upper horizons soils located near four main highways of the city was conducted under established standards. The maximum concentration of elements was recorded in the area with very high traffic, which confirms the importance of the role of motor transport as the main source of pollutants. When calculating the total pollution index (Zc) all highways were in a dangerous category. A similar indicator calculated on the basis of the data content in the soil-forming rock, allowed us to determine the degree of pollution as moderately hazardous. Analysis of heavy metals content in soil profiles has allowed to establish in the upper soil horizons, a significant excess of gross and mobile forms of all elements at sites with very high and high degree of traffic load, which indicates intense аerogenic intake of pollutants. Determined the proportion of elements of anthropogenic origin and the fact of the uneven distribution of heavy metals in the soil profile and their concentration in different geochemical barriers. When determining causal relationships between heavy metal content and separate soil characteristics we have found a direct dependence on the following parameters: pH, humus, cation exchange capacity, carbon dioxide, carbonates, particle size distribution, and in some cases we can talk about complex influence of soil properties on the concentration of elements. Assessment of heavy metal contamination in urban ecosystems soils, using the data content of elements in soil-forming rock with the use of the profile approach is the most objective.

scholarly journals ANALISA POSTUR KERJA DENGAN NORDIC BODY MAP & REBA PADA TEKNISI PAINTING DI PT. JAKARTA TEKNOLOGI UTAMA MOTOR PEKANBARU

1930 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
Denny Astrie Anggraini ◽  
Nico Ciri Bati
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
Body Map ◽  
Very High

PT. Jakarta Teknologi Utama Motor Pekanbaru adalah perusahaan perbaikan body kendaraan. Dalam pelaksanaan pekerjaannya terdapat keluhan yang dirasakan teknisi khususnya bagian painting, yaitu keluhan rasa sakit pada punggung dan bagian tubuh lain yang disebabkan oleh kesalahan postur kerja atau ketidak ergonomisan fasilitas kerja yang dapat mempengaruhi kondisi kesehatan, produktivitas serta kualitas hasil kerja. Berdasarkan penilaian dengan metode REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assesment) menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas pengecatan (a) termasuk kategori high risk artinya perlu perbaikan segera. Aktivitas pengamplasan (b) termasuk kategori very high risk artinya perlu perbaikan sekarang. Sedangkan aktivitas pendempulan (c) termasuk dalam kategori medium risk yang berarti diperlukan perbaikan pada postur ini. Rekomendasi yang diberikan agar dapat mengurangi resiko cedera pada teknisi yaitu perlu ada perbaikan posisi kerja dan penambahan peralatan kerja.

scholarly journals Speciation and Sources of Toxic Metals in Sediments of Lake Chapala, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Luis Trujillo-Cárdenas ◽  
Nereida P. Saucedo-Torres ◽  
Pedro Faustino Zárate del Valle ◽  
Nely Ríos-Donato ◽  
Eduardo Mendizábal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Chemical Speciation ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Lake Water Quality ◽  
Risk Assessment Code ◽  
Lake Chapala ◽  
Very High

Heavy metals chemical speciation in Lake Chapala sediments was studied using sequential extraction to assess the mobility of potentially biotoxic metals and to elucidate their sources. Lake water quality was also studied. Results show Cd, Pb, Cr present in exchangeable and carbonate fractions indicating anthropogenic origin. An ecologic history indicates anthropogenic sources of Cd, Pb, Cr during 1960-2006. Risk Assessment Code indicates very high risk of pollution for water column due to high potential detachment of heavy metals.

Characteristics of Heavy Metals Pollution in Roadside Dusts in Chang'an Street of Beijing City

2014 ◽  
Vol 886 ◽  
pp. 266-270
Author(s):  
Qiang Li ◽  
Bo Gao ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Zhi Ping Li
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Pollution Assessment ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Beijing City ◽  
Anthropogenic Input ◽  
Metals Pollution ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
Heavy Metals Pollution ◽  
Beijing China

A study was conducted to determine the current status of the heavy metals in roadside dusts collected from Chang'an Street in Beijing, China. Ten sampling sites were selected and analyzed to determine the concentration and pollution assessment of heavy metals in roadside dusts. The results showed that the concentrations of Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb were higher than the local soil background values, indicating that the heavy metals pollution may come from anthropogenic input. The assessment by Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo) indicated that Cr and Ni were at the unpolluted level, the other elements were at the uncontaminated to moderately contaminated level. The pollution level of the heavy metals was: Ni < Cr < Pb < Cu < Zn < Cd.

scholarly journals Prostate Cancer Survival By Risk of Progression and Other Prognostic Factors in Mallorca, Spain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan-José Montaño ◽  
Antoni Barceló ◽  
Paula Franch ◽  
Jaume Galceran ◽  
Alberto Ameijide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
Risk Of Progression ◽  
Very High

Abstract Objectives: 1) to find out the distribution of prostate cancer by risk of progression; 2) to determine the cause-specific survival by risk of progression in prostate cancer; 3) to identify the factors associated with the risk of dying from this cancer.Methods: Incident prostate cancer cases diagnosed between 2006 and 2011 were identified through the Mallorca Cancer Registry. Inclusion criteria: invasive cases with code C61.9 and any histology. Cases identified exclusively through death certificate were excluded. We collected: age; date and method of diagnosis; date of follow-up or death; T, N, M and stage according to the TNM 7th edition; Gleason score; PSA; histology according to the ICD-O 3rd edition 6 ; comorbidities and treatments. We calculated risk in 4 categories: low, medium, high and very high. End point of follow-up was 31 December 2014. Multiple imputation (MI) was performed to estimate cases with unknown risk of progression. Survival analysis was performed using the actuarial and Kaplan-Meier methods, as well as the Cox regression model.Results: We identified 2921 cases. After MI, 9.5% had low risk, 24.9% medium risk, 42.7% high risk and 22.9% very high risk. Five years after diagnosis, survival after MI was 89% globally, that being 100% for low risk cases, 96% for medium risk, 93% for high risk and 69% for very high risk. Cases with histology other than adenocarcinoma, with high and, especially, very high risk of progression, as well as with systemic, mixed and observation/unspecified treatments have worse prognosis. Treatment showed a strong relationship with age and life expectancy.Conclusions: Risk of progression and treatment were the main variables associated to survival in prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Ergonomics Investigation of Musculoskeletal Disorder Among the Workforce of Waste Management Industry in Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adekunle I. Musa ◽  
Abiodun A. Yussouff ◽  
Nurudeen A. Raji ◽  
Temitayo S. Ogedengbe ◽  
Rasheed O. Saheed
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorder ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
Rapid Entire Body Assessment ◽  
Very High

Abstract The objective of this study is to undertake an Ergonomic Scrutiny of Desecrate Management Industry. Ten (10) employees of the parking and collection department of Kim Waste Management Authority (KWMA) were selected. Their activities were video and recorded while working and their different postures were analyzed using Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). Result showed that 10 % were at medium risk; 40 % were at high risk and 50 % were at very high risk for the workers in KWMA. It as discovered that workers are subjected to Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSDs) as a result of the postures adopted during the work process.

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