scholarly journals Antidiabetic and Antinephritic Activities of Aqueous Extract ofCordyceps militarisFruit Body in Diet-Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Sprague Dawley Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chungang Liu ◽  
Jingjing Song ◽  
Meiyu Teng ◽  
Xiaoyi Zheng ◽  
Xiangmei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Fruit Body ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Cordyceps Militaris ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Cordyceps militarishas long been used as a crude drug and folk tonic food in East Asia. The present study aims to evaluate the antidiabetic and antinephritic effects of the aqueous extract of theCordyceps militarisfruit body (CM) in diet-streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats. During four weeks of continuous oral administration of CM at doses of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg and metformin at 100 mg/kg, the fasting blood glucose and bodyweight of each rat were monitored. Hypoglycemic effects of CM on diabetic rats were indicated by decreases in plasma glucose, food and water intake, and urine output. The hypolipidemic activity of CM was confirmed by the normalization of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in diabetic rats. Inhibitory effects on albuminuria, creatinine, urea nitrogen, and n-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase verified CM’s renal protective activity in diabetic rats. Furthermore, CM exerted beneficial modulation of inflammatory factors and oxidative enzymes. Compared with untreated diabetic rats, CM decreased the expression of phosphor-AKT and phosphor-GSK-3βin the kidneys. Altogether, via attenuating oxidative stress, CM displayed antidiabetic and antinephritic activities in diet-STZ-induced diabetic rats.

Pterostilbene Ameliorates Nephropathy Injury in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Pharmacology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Shaoyu Ren ◽  
Ying Ji ◽  
Yafeng Liang
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
Different Doses

Background: Our study investigated the therapeutic role and potential mechanisms of pterostilbene (PS) in diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats. Methods: DN models were established by high-fat diet after streptozotocin injection. A total of 50 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, DN, PS-treated groups (PS-H, PS-M, PS-L). PS was administered to rats by gavage for 8 weeks at 3 different doses (25, 10, and 5 mg/kg/day). The levels of oxidative stress activity (superoxide dismutase [SOD], malondialdehyde [MDA], glutathione peroxidase [GSH-PX]) and inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, monocyte chemoattractant factor [MCP]-1) were detected by ­ELISA. TGF-β, Smad1, and fibronectin (FN) were measured through immunohistochemistry. The relative expressions of phospho-IκBα/IκBα, phospho-IκB kinases (IKK)β/IKKβ, phospho-nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65/NF-κB p65 were detected by western blot. Results: Compared with DN group, the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and MCP-1 were decreased in the PS-H group (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the levels of SOD, MDA, GSH-PX improved in kidney and serum in PS-H groups (p< 0.05). PS also significantly decreased the level of phospho-NF-κB p65 and increased the levels of phospho- IKKβ and phospho-Iκ-Bα (p < 0.05). The results showed that PS treatment decreased TGF-β, Smad1, and FN expressions. Conclusion: PS had potential therapeutic effects on DN, which may be related to the regulation of NF-κB pathway.

scholarly journals Myrmecodia platytyrea Methanol Tuber Extract Ameliorates Hyperglycemia In STZ-Induced Diabetic Sprague-Dawley Male Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 338-348
Author(s):  
Mizaton Hazizul Hasan ◽  
Hasbullani Zakaria ◽  
Ibtisam Abdul Wahab ◽  
Thellie Ponto ◽  
Aishah Adam
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tuber Extract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the main non-communicable chronic diseases that has many complications that compromise the quality of life. Hence, the need to find alternatives to replace the current therapy or as an adjuvant. Tubers of Myrmecodia platytytrea (Rubiaceae) has been used traditionally as an alternative therapy for the management of cancer and other inflammatory-related disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the potency of M. platytytrea methanolic tuber extract (MPMTE) as an antihyperglycemic agent, in vivo. :The streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were treated orally with MPMTE (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) and metformin (positive control, 100 mg/kg) daily for 14 days. Blood glucose level and other biochemistry analysis were conducted including histological examination on liver, kidney and pancreas.  The STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with MPMTE (200 and 400 mg/kg) had significant decreased (p<0.05) in fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) with no significant changes in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) compared to STZ-induced untreated diabetic rats. Liver, kidney and pancreas were devoid of any damage caused by STZ.  MPMTE had strong antihyperglycaemic activity and was protective against any STZ-induced organ damage. Thus, MPMTE can be further developed into an adjuvant therapy for diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Anti-diabetic and Antidyslipidemic Activities of Entandrophargma Cylindricum Extract on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 14251-14259
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Untreated Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Plasma Insulin Concentration ◽  
Diabetes Group

This study aims to validate the anti-diabetic and antidyslipidemic activities of aqueous extract of Entandrophargma cylindricum stem on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Thirty healthy male Albino rats (190 ± 10 g) were grouped into 6 groups of 5 each: group A (control) rats were not induced with diabetes; group B (diabetic treated with Metformin 100 mg/kg); group C (diabetic untreated); group D (diabetic treated with Entandrophargma cylindricum extract 50 mg/kg); group E (diabetic treated with Entandrophargma cylindricum extract 100 mg/kg) and group F (diabetic treated with Entandrophargma cylindricum extract 200 mg/kg). Fasting blood glucose concentration and glucose tolerance response increased after 7 days but was reversed near normal on day 14, day 21. Hexokinase activity significantly (p < 0.05) increase in the metformin and 200mg/kg bw. However, plasma high-density lipoprotein concentration, plasma insulin concentration, and hepatic glycogen level decreased in the untreated group, 50 and 100 mg/kg bw. Aqueous extract of E. cylindricum stem bark possesses significant anti-diabetic and antidyslipidemic activity in diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Ipomoea batatas L Leaves Extract on Histology of Pancreatic Langerhans Islet and Beta Cell Insulin Expression of Rats Induced by Streptozotocin

Molekul ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Dody Novrial ◽  
Soebowo Soebowo ◽  
Parno Widjojo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Protection Effect ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L) leaf is one of well known vegetables among Indonesian people.  It is also often used as traditional medicine for diabetes mellitus.  This research aimed to investigate the protective effect of I. batatas L leaves extract on the pancreas of IDDM animal model.  Twenty five male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 treatment groups, and 2 control groups.  Streptozotocin (STZ) was injected at multiple low doses (40 mg/kg BW) intraperitoneally for 5 consecutive days,  I. batatas L leaves extract (doses 0.25, 0.8, and 2.5 g/ kg BW) were administered for 14 days after the first STZ injection.  Fasting blood glucose was analyzed after complete STZ induction (day 6), and after 14 days treatment.  At the end of the study, rats were terminated, and pancreas were removed for histological examination and immunohistochemical procedure using anti-insulin antibody.  Diabetic rats treated with 2.5 g/kg BW I. batatas L leaves extract showed lowest fasting blood glucose among treatment groups, and had approximately 50% normal Langerhans islets with functional beta cells.  These results suggest that I. batatas L leaves extract has anti diabetic activity through its protection effect on the pancreas.

scholarly journals Lycium barbarumPolysaccharide Mediated the Antidiabetic and Antinephritic Effects in Diet-Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Sprague Dawley Rats via Regulation of NF-κB

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzhao Du ◽  
Xinyu Hu ◽  
Ling Kou ◽  
Baohai Zhang ◽  
Chaopu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Nuclear Factors ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Lycium barbarum, extensively utilized as a medicinal plant in China for years, exhibits antitumor, immunoregulative, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective properties. The present study aims to investigate the hyperglycemic and antidiabetic nephritic effects of polysaccharide which is separated fromLycium barbarum(LBPS) in high-fat diet-streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced rat models. The reduced bodyweight and enhanced blood glucose concentration in serum were observed in diabetic rats, and they were significantly normalized to the healthy level by 100 mg/kg of metformin (Met) and LBPS at doses of 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg. LBPS inhibited albuminuria and blood urea nitrogen concentration and serum levels of inflammatory factors including IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-α, MCP-1, and ICAM-1 compared with diabetic rats, and it indicates the protection on renal damage. Furthermore, the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in serum were enhanced strikingly by LBPS which suggests its antioxidation effects. LBPS, compared with nontreated diabetic rats, inhibited the expression of phosphor-nuclear factors kappa B (NF-κB) and inhibitor kappa B alpha in kidney tissues. Collectively, LBPS possesses antidiabetic and antinephritic effects related to NF-κB-mediated antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities.

scholarly journals Azadirachta excelsa Improves Renal Morphology and Function in Streptozotocin Induced-Diabetic Sprague Dawley Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 1307-1320
Author(s):  
Nur Syimal Aain AZMI ◽  
Nooraain HASHIM ◽  
Nurdiana SAMSULRIZAL ◽  
Noor Syaffinaz NOOR ◽  
Mohamad ZIN
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Renal Morphology ◽  
And Function

Long term diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with serious complications such as nephropathy. Previous studies revealed the ability of A. excelsa leaf extract treatment to reduce fasting blood glucose (FBG) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of A. excelsa extract in delaying the progression of diabetic nephropathy by evaluating the kidney structure and function. The effects were compared with 2 positive controls, which were metformin (standard drug) and quercetin (plant active compound). Induction of diabetic conditions was conducted by the intraperitoneal (IP) injection of STZ (60 mg/kg bwt) in male Sprague Dawley rats. The experimental animals were grouped into: 1) normal control (NC, saline); 2) diabetic control (DC, saline); 3) metformin-treated diabetic rats (DMET, 1000 mg/kg bwt); 4) quercetin-treated diabetic rats (DQ, 40 mg/kg bwt), and 5) A. excelsa-treated diabetic rats (DAE, 250 mg/kg bwt). All treatments were given once daily for 8 weeks through oral gavage. The inter-relation between the changes in the fasting blood glucose and kidney oxidative stress, structure, and function was evaluated. The results showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) of MDA and SOD level and a decrease (p < 0.05) of GPx levels, plus distortion of renal morphology among the DC and DMET groups. Meanwhile, both DQ and DAE groups showed significant reduction (p < 0.05) of MDA levels and elevation (p < 0.05) of SOD and GPx levels. The quercetin and A. excelsa treatments also improved the kidney function parameters and morphological changes of the diabetic rats. These findings indicate that quercetin and A. excelsa possess renal therapeutic effects.

scholarly journals Cigarette smoke inhalation aggravates diabetic kidney injury in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 964-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songling Jiang ◽  
Do Van Quan ◽  
Jae Hyuck Sung ◽  
Moo-Yeol Lee ◽  
Hunjoo Ha
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Smoke Inhalation ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Diabetic Kidney

Abstract Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that cigarette smoke or nicotine is a risk factor for the progression of chronic kidney injury. The present study analyzed the kidney toxicity of cigarette smoke in experimental rats with DKD. Experimental diabetes was induced in 7-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg kg−1). Four weeks after the induction of diabetes, rats were exposed to cigarette smoke (200 μg L−1), 4 h daily, and 5 days per week for 4 weeks. Cigarette smoke did not affect the levels of plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol or non-esterified fatty acids in both control and diabetic rats under the experimental conditions. Cigarette smoke, however, significantly increased diabetes-induced glomerular hypertrophy and urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) excretion, suggesting exacerbation of diabetic kidney injury. Cigarette smoke promoted macrophage infiltration and fibrosis in the diabetic kidney. As expected, cigarette smoke increased oxidative stress in both control and diabetic rats. These data demonstrated that four weeks of exposure to cigarette smoke aggravated the progression of DKD in rats.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTI-OBESITY EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF MUCUNA PRURIENS SEEDS ON RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Javid Mansuri ◽  
Archana Paranjape
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dopamine Level ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Brain Dopamine ◽  
Standard Drug

Objective: Evaluation of the anti-obesity effect of aqueous extract of Mucuna pruriens seeds on rats.Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 wk. L-DOPA (12.5 mg/kg, p. o.) as standard drug and aqueous extract of Mucuna pruriens (AEMP) seeds (200 mg/kg, p. o. and 400 mg/kg, p. o.) as test drugs were administered in last 4 wk along with HFD. Body weight, food intake, body mass index (BMI), serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were measured at the end of fourth, eighth and twelfth wk, while white adipose tissue (WAT) mass and brain dopamine levels were measured at the end of the twelfth wk.Results: AEMP (200 mg/kg, p. o.) and (400 mg/kg, p. o.) treated groups showed a significant decrease in food intake and weight gain without altering BMI. Moreover, TG levels were lower in treated groups as compared to the HFD group, but no significant changes were observed in TC and HDL levels. L-DOPA-treated group showed a significant decrease in body weight, food intake, BMI and WAT. Both AEMP and L-DOPA-treated groups showed an increase in brain dopamine levels as compared to disease control group (p<0.05).Conclusion: L-DOPA and AEMP showed anti-obesity activity by reducing body weight gains, food intake and WAT weights; modulating TG with increased brain dopamine level which correlates to the inhibitory action of dopamine on reward mechanism. 

Energy coupling mechanisms in host-grown Mycobacterium lepraemurium

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ishaque ◽  
C. Adapoe ◽  
L. Kato
Keyword(s):  
Energy Coupling ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Succinate Oxidation ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Mycobacterium Lepraemurium ◽  
Thiol Binding ◽  
Coupling Mechanisms ◽  
Respiratory Chain Inhibitors

Energy coupling mechanisms of Mycobacterium lepraemurium isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats lepromata were investigated. Cell-free extracts catalyzed phosphorylation coupled to the oxidation of generated NADH, added NADH, and succinate yielding P/O ratios of approximately 0.8, 0.6, and 0.4, respectively. Ascorbate oxidation alone or in the presence of cytochrome c or N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine was not coupled to ATP synthesis.The oxidative phosphorylation was completely uncoupled by 2,4-dinitrophenol, 2,6-dibromophenol, pentachlorophenol, m-chlorocarbonylcyanide phenylhydrazone, dicumarol, and gramicidin at concentrations which did not cause any inhibition of oxygen uptake. While the NADH oxidation and associated phosphate esterification was markedly sensitive to rotenone and other flavoprotein inhibitors, these inhibitors had no effect, however, on the phosphorylation coupled to succinate oxidation. The respiratory chain inhibitors such as antimycin A or 2-n-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide, and cyanide were the potent inhibitors of the phosphorylation associated with the oxidation of NADH and succinate. The ATP formation coupled to the oxidation of NADH and succinate was also inhibited by oligomycin as well as by the thiol-binding agents, p-hydroxymercuribenzoate and N-ethylmaleimide. The results indicated that NADH and succinate oxidation by in vivo grown M. lepraemurium was mediated by oxidative enzymes involving first and second energy coupling sites.

Electroacupuncture at Zusanli Rescues the Enteric Neuronal Loss in the Stomach of Diabetic Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Hu ◽  
Fan Du ◽  
Shi Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Enteric Neurons ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Zusanli Acupoint

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of electroacupuncture at Zusanli acupoint on the enteric neuropathy in diabetic rats. Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into different groups depending on the total electroacupuncture span and frequency. The expression of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), choline acetyltransferase (CHAT), protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5), and doublecortin was significantly decreased in the diabetic group compared with the control group. Long-term electroacupuncture at Zusanli with either high frequency or low frequency could increase the expression levels of nNOS, CHAT, PGP9.5, and doublecortin, and the increase was greater in the high-frequency group. But no obvious changes were seen in the short-term electroacupuncture groups. These results suggest that electroacupuncture at Zusanli can restore the deficiency of enteric neurons in diabetes partly but a comparative long duration of stimuli (6 weeks) is required. The increase of doublecortin may be involved in this positive process.

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