scholarly journals Optimization Model of Transit Signal Priority Control for Intersection and Downstream Bus Stop

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Li ◽  
Changjiang Zheng ◽  
Wenquan Li
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Model ◽  
System Reliability ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Traffic Data ◽  
Transit Signal Priority ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Transit Service ◽  
Bus Stop ◽  
Bus Service ◽  
Positive Effect

Transit signal priority has a positive effect on improving traffic condition and level of transit service in the urban area. In this paper, a passenger-based transit signal priority (TSP) optimization model is formulated to optimize intersection signal phasing based on minimizing accessibility-based passenger delay at the intersection and increased waiting-delay at the downstream bus stop simultaneously. Genetic Algorithm is utilized to calculate passenger-based optimization model that is calibrated by evening rush hour actual traffic data (17:30–18:30, October 13th–October 15th, 2015) along Shuiximen Boulevard in Nanjing, China. The performance of the proposed optimization model in decreasing delay and improving system reliability is simulated and evaluated by VISSIM-based simulation platform, and the results illustrate that the proposed optimization model presents promising outcomes in decreasing accessibility-based passenger delay at intersection (average reduction of 12%) and passenger waiting-delay at downstream bus service stop (average reduction of 18%) compared with traditional vehicle-based TSP optimization method in rush hour.

Attitudes toward Intercity Bus Travel in Texas

1996 ◽  
Vol 1557 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Kay Fitzpatrick ◽  
Karen Kuenzer ◽  
Torsten Lienau
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Multimodal Transportation ◽  
Transit Service ◽  
Bus Stop ◽  
Current State ◽  
Surface Transportation ◽  
Bus Service ◽  
Transportation Development

As required by the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991, a percentage of each state's public transportation funds must be spent on intercity bus transportation development and support, unless the governor certifies intercity bus needs are being adequately met. A study was initiated to produce data necessary to define the current state of the intercity bus industry in Texas. To accomplish this objective, surveys were developed and distributed to the general population, bus riders, and bus companies in the state. A review of cities currently being served by the intercity bus industry was also made. General-population respondents indicated that they would be more likely to ride a bus if there were more express bus service, better station locations, and higher air and train fares. Bus riders indicated they would ride more often if there were improved security measures at stations and on buses, more leg room, more comfortable seats, adherence to schedules, and lower bus fares. Government-owned multimodal transportation facilities, operating subsidies for rural routes, and billboards and signs for advertising intercity service were suggested by bus companies as ways to aid the industry. The review of cities currently served by the intercity bus industry revealed that only 21 Texas cities with populations over 5,000 were further than 16.1 km (10 mi) from intercity bus service, and that most of these cities had access to transit service to an intercity bus stop.

scholarly journals Critical peak rebate strategy and application to demand response

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hejun Yang ◽  
Xinyu Zhang ◽  
Yinghao Ma ◽  
Dabo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
System Reliability ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Test System ◽  
Power System Reliability ◽  
Generation Costs ◽  
Grid Side ◽  
The Cost

AbstractTime-of-use (TOU) pricing strategy is an important component of demand-side management (DSM), but the cost of supplying power during critical peak periods remains high under TOU prices. This affects power system reliability. In addition, TOU prices are usually applicable to medium- and long-term load control but cannot effectively regulate short-term loads. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimization method for TOU pricing and changes the electricity consumption patterns during the critical peak periods through a critical peak rebate (CPR). This reduces generation costs and improves power system reliability. An optimization model for peak-flat-valley (PFV) period partition is established based on fuzzy clustering and an enumeration iterative technique. A TOU pricing optimization model including grid-side and customer-side benefits is then proposed, and a simulated annealing particle swarm optimization (SAPSO) algorithm is used to solve the problem. Finally, a CPR decision model is developed to further reduce critical peak loads. The effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm is illustrated through different case studies of the Roy Billinton Test System (RBTS).

scholarly journals ASSESSING PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS PUBLIC BUS SERVICE AMONG THE CAR USERS IN ISKANDAR MALAYSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Jia Chyi Pung ◽  
Safizahanin Mokhtar
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Modal Shift ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Car Use ◽  
Bus Stop ◽  
Affective Variables ◽  
Network Costs ◽  
Bus Service

Encouraging car users to bus use has been a central topic to control the deteriorating traffic condition. In this light, Iskandar Regional Development Authority (IRDA) has deployed extensive investments in order to improve public bus service on its connectivity, service time and etc. Nevertheless, low bus ridership remains and car use is the main contributor of vehicular activity. Under this premise, various scholars have highlighted distorted perceptions towards bus use as a barrier to promote modal shift from car to bus use. An empirical study is necessary to examine the factors that shape distorted perceptions towards bus use among the car users in Iskandar Malaysia. Therefore, this research aims to assessing perceptions towards public bus service among the car users in Iskandar Malaysia. In order to assess car users’ perceptions, online questionnaire survey was conducted with sample size of 102. Car users who reside in residential neighbourhoods within 910 meters radius and nearby bus stops along Trans Iskandar BeXTRA Route BET3 were targeted as key respondents. Generalized Linear Model (GLM) is utilized in order to identify significant perceived variables that influence bus use among the car users. Results from GLM show the significant perceived variables in relation to bus use are twofold: affective i.e. safety (from crimes) and instrumental i.e. bus network, costs and bus stop facilities. Results of this research prove that perceptions in relation to instrumental and affective variables are influential to promote modal shift from car to bus use. Therefore, understanding car users’ perceptions may assist in modal shift to bus use.

When Taxi Meets Bus: Night Bus Stop Planning over Large-Scale Traffic Data

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luyan Xiao ◽  
Xiaopeng Fan ◽  
Haixia Mao ◽  
Chengzhong Xu ◽  
Ping Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Traffic Data ◽  
Bus Stop

Trajectory Optimization Applied to Space Rendezvous

2013 ◽  
Vol 756-759 ◽  
pp. 3466-3470
Author(s):  
Xu Min Song ◽  
Qi Lin
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Annealing ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Trajectory Optimization ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Nonlinear Constraints ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Adaptive Simulated Annealing ◽  
Simulation Results

The trajcetory plan problem of spece reandezvous mission was studied in this paper using nolinear optimization method. The optimization model was built based on the Hills equations. And by analysis property of the design variables, a transform was put forward , which eliminated the equation and nonlinear constraints as well as decreaseing the problem dimensions. The optimization problem was solved using Adaptive Simulated Annealing (ASA) method, and the rendezvous trajectory was designed.The method was validated by simulation results.

Modeling Bus Capacity for Bus Stops Using Queuing Theory and Diffusion Approximation

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110302
Author(s):  
Chao Wang ◽  
Weijie Chen ◽  
Yueru Xu ◽  
Zhirui Ye
Keyword(s):  
Approximation Method ◽  
Service Time ◽  
Diffusion Approximation ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Queuing Theory ◽  
Queuing Model ◽  
Bus Stop ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Bus Stops ◽  
Bus Service

For bus service quality and line capacity, one critical influencing factor is bus stop capacity. This paper proposes a bus capacity estimation method incorporating diffusion approximation and queuing theory for individual bus stops. A concurrent queuing system between public transportation vehicles and passengers can be used to describe the scenario of a bus stop. For most of the queuing systems, the explicit distributions of basic characteristics (e.g., waiting time, queue length, and busy period) are difficult to obtain. Therefore, the diffusion approximation method was introduced to deal with this theoretical gap in this study. In this method, a continuous diffusion process was applied to estimate the discrete queuing process. The proposed model was validated using relevant data from seven bus stops. As a comparison, two common methods— Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) formula and M/M/S queuing model (i.e., Poisson arrivals, exponential distribution for bus service time, and S number of berths)—were used to estimate the capacity of the bus stop. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of the diffusion approximation method is 7.12%, while the MAPEs of the HCM method and M/M/S queuing model are 16.53% and 10.23%, respectively. Therefore, the proposed model is more accurate and reliable than the others. In addition, the influences of traffic intensity, bus arrival rate, coefficient of variation of bus arrival headway, service time, coefficient of variation of service time, and the number of bus berths on the capacity of bus stops are explored by sensitivity analyses.

San Pablo, California, Corridor Rapid Service

2017 ◽  
Vol 2647 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Peter Martin ◽  
Nathan Landau
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Transit Signal Priority ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
East Bay ◽  
Years Of Service ◽  
Bus Service

The San Pablo, California, Rapid bus service was planned 17 years ago and was implemented 13 years ago. The Rapid service, which did not include exclusive lanes, was an upgrade of previous limited-stop bus service linking the East Bay communities of San Pablo, Richmond, El Cerrito, Albany, Berkeley, Emeryville, and Oakland. The 13 years of service provide some lessons for other communities that are considering moderate (or less than full) service upgrades to bus rapid transit. The service was quick to implement and low in cost, but it has not provided the anticipated ridership benefits. The upgrades apparently were not significant enough to attract ridership increases. The transit signal priority element was not well maintained and thus has not provided the desired travel time and reliability benefits. AC Transit—which operates the service—and the corridor communities are currently reexamining further upgrades to the service. This Rapid service is well used, but more pronounced improvements are needed to fulfill ridership potential in the corridor. The lessons learned are that minor upgrades can be easily implemented, but noticeable changes are required to achieve significant ridership gains.

scholarly journals Not Minding the Gap: Does Ride-Hailing Serve Transit Deserts?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesus Barajas ◽  
Anne Brown
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Service Research ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Transit Service ◽  
Employment Density ◽  
Bus Service ◽  
The City ◽  
Rail Service ◽  
Research And Policy

Transit has long connected people to opportunities but access to transit varies greatly across space. In some cases, unevenly distributed transit supply creates gaps in service that impede travelers’ abilities to cross space and access jobs or other opportunities. With the advent of ride-hailing services like Uber and Lyft, however, travelers now have a new potential to gain automobility without high car purchase costs and in the absence of reliable transit service. Research remains mixed on whether ride-hailing serves as a modal complement or substitute to transit or whether ride-hailing fills transit service needs gaps. This study measures transit supply in Chicago and compares it to ride-hailing origins and destinations to examine if ride-hailing fills existing transit service gaps. Findings reveal clustering of ride-hailing pickups and drop-offs across the City of Chicago, but that the number of ride-hailing pickups and drop-offs was most strongly associated with high neighborhood median household income rather than measures of transit supply. In bivariate analyses, transit service was not associated with ride-hailing trip ends. But after controlling for neighborhood socioeconomic status, transit dependency, population density, and employment density, we found fewer ride-hailing trips in neighborhoods where bus service dominated and significantly more ride-hailing trips where rail service was prevalent. Patterns were slightly different for overnight weekend ride-hailing pick-ups, where higher transit density predicted a greater number of trips in nearby tracts. Additional research and policy is needed to ensure that ride-hailing services provide travel options to those who need them the most and fill transit gaps in low-income communities when options to increase service are limited.

scholarly journals SERVICE CATCHMENT OF MASS RAPID TRANSIT (MRT) FEEDER BUS: A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF T461 ROUTE TAMAN KAJANG UTAMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe Aida Lim Jhin Lin ◽  
Zakiah Ponrahono
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Actual Data ◽  
Research Instrument ◽  
Bus Stop ◽  
Feeder Bus ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Bus Service ◽  
The City ◽  
Rail Services

The planning and development of rail services require various considerations. Land availability, land use, catchment, route matching, infrastructure fitting, barrier free and micro-climate friendly designs are some of the factors heeded prior to such installations. A deviation between designated and highly demanded service area in urban sprawl zones of the city has been occurring in many Malaysian cities. These gaps have led to the mismatch between origin/destination of passengers and planned locations of train stations and its feeder bus stops. As such, rail services become less accessible to populations with the highest demands. This paper discusses the preliminary findings from a pilot study which seeks to calibrate the research instrument and validate preliminary findings before actual data collection for the purpose of determining the service catchment of the T461 feeder bus in Kajang MRT Station. The Garmin GPS device acts as the research instrument to obtain coordinates of locations where passengers board and alight feeder buses. On-board surveys and comparison analyses are methods that have been used to obtain the optimum GPS coordinates of the bus stop locations. The preliminary findings indicate that the research instrument is ready to be used for actual data collection and geospatial analysis to determine the service catchment of the T461 feeder bus service.

scholarly journals Sizing and shape optimization material use in 10 bar trusses

2021 ◽  
Vol 343 ◽  
pp. 04004
Author(s):  
Nenad Petrović ◽  
Nenad Kostić ◽  
Vesna Marjanović ◽  
Ileana Ioana Cofaru ◽  
Nenad Marjanović
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Shape Optimization ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Truss Optimization ◽  
Algorithm Optimization ◽  
Sizing Optimization ◽  
Bill Of Materials

Truss optimization has the goal of achieving savings in costs and material while maintaining structural characteristics. In this research a 10 bar truss was structurally optimized in Rhino 6 using genetic algorithm optimization method. Results from previous research where sizing optimization was limited to using only three different cross-sections were compared to a sizing and shape optimization model which uses only those three cross-sections. Significant savings in mass have been found when using this approach. An analysis was conducted of the necessary bill of materials for these solutions. This research indicates practical effects which optimization can achieve in truss design.

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