scholarly journals Current Advance and Future Prospects of Tissue Engineering Approach to Dentin/Pulp Regenerative Therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Gong ◽  
Boon Chin Heng ◽  
Edward Chin Man Lo ◽  
Chengfei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Engineering Technology ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Regenerative Endodontics ◽  
Immunological Rejection ◽  
Canal Systems ◽  
Scaffold Materials

Recent advances in biomaterial science and tissue engineering technology have greatly spurred the development of regenerative endodontics. This has led to a paradigm shift in endodontic treatment from simply filling the root canal systems with biologically inert materials to restoring the infected dental pulp with functional replacement tissues. Currently, cell transplantation has gained increasing attention as a scientifically valid method for dentin-pulp complex regeneration. This multidisciplinary approach which involves the interplay of three key elements of tissue engineering—stem cells, scaffolds, and signaling molecules—has produced an impressive number of favorable outcomes in preclinical animal studies. Nevertheless, many practical hurdles need to be overcome prior to its application in clinical settings. Apart from the potential health risks of immunological rejection and pathogenic transmission, the lack of a well-established banking system for the isolation and storage of dental-derived stem cells is the most pressing issue that awaits resolution and the properties of supportive scaffold materials vary across different studies and remain inconsistent. This review critically examines the classic triad of tissue engineering utilized in current regenerative endodontics and summarizes the possible techniques developed for dentin/pulp regeneration.

scholarly journals Tissue Engineering Scaffold Materials to Repair Sports Cartilage Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mo Xing
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Porous Scaffold ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffold ◽  
Cartilage Injury ◽  
Culture Bottle ◽  
Scaffold Materials

With the continued development of sports in China, sports sometimes cause cartilage damage. The purpose of this research is to study the tissue engineering scaffold material for sports cartilage damage repair. In this study, mesenchymal rat bone marrow stem cells (to put it simply, stem cells are a type of cell with unlimited or immortal self-renewal capacity, capable of producing at least one type of highly differentiated progeny cells) were obtained by the total bone wash method. The cells were inoculated into the cell culture bottle. When the primary cultured cells proliferated to about 80% of the culture bottle area, the cells were digested with trypsin to open the cell link, then the medium containing 10% serum was added to terminate the cell digestion, and then the passage expansion was carried out according to the cell density. PLGA/NHA and PLGA were heated to 65°C under ultrasonic vibration until uniform PLGA/NHA and PLGA solutions were obtained. Then, the samples were added to the tube mold and then heated and cooled to obtain the composite porous scaffold of mesenchymal stem cells. 10 μl MSCs cell suspension was extracted with a microinjector, and the needle was injected from the inside of the scaffold, and the cell suspension was added outside the scaffold to ensure that there were composite cells inside and outside the scaffold. The subcutaneous tissue of the skin was cut along the medial side of the knee joint and the capsule of the switch segment was cut. The scaffold materials were filled into the osteochondral defect to observe the cartilage healing. The mechanical strength of 0.5% PLGA-MSCs composite porous scaffold was increased to 1.1 MPa, and the cell density was high. The repair of cartilage in rats was the best. The results showed that the porous scaffolds designed in this study have good compatibility and are beneficial to repair sports cartilage injury.

scholarly journals Research Progress on Tissue Engineering of Main Tissues and Organs of Human Body

2021 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 03043
Author(s):  
Zhirui Jin
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fundamental Solutions ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Engineering Technology ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Scaffold Materials

The injury and failure diseases of human tissues and organs, such as heart failure and chronic kidney disease, seriously threaten human health and life safety. At present, however, organ transplantation has obvious limitations, and tissue engineering is considered as a potential alternative therapy. Tissue engineering uses the construction of cells, biomaterials and bioreactors to develop three-dimensional artificial tissues and organs for the enhancement, repair and replacement of damaged or diseased tissues and organs, which contributes to the fundamental solutions of diseases of tissues and organs as well as to the improvement of human health. This paper introduces the research progress of tissue engineering technology in the field of living organs from three aspects: seed cells, application of growth factors and biomimetic preparation of functionalized scaffold materials, hoping to provide help and ideas for the research and industrial development of the repair and reconstruction of human organs.

Mechanical and Chemical Stimulation of Bone-Marrow Stem Cells in a Three-Dimensional Fibrin Matrix: Preliminary Results

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. LoSurdo ◽  
Douglas W. Chew ◽  
Alejandro Nieponice ◽  
David A. Vorp
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Stimulation ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Immunological Rejection ◽  
Stimulation Of

The primary goal of tissue engineering is to develop a biological, mechanically-robust, and anti-thrombogenic vascular graft to replace diseased or damaged tissue and organs [1]. For example, researchers have incorporated smooth muscle cells (SMCs) into extracellular matrix to provide a living, functional conduits with the intended purpose of replacing SMC-containing tubes, such as the blood vessel, urethra, esophagus, intestine, etc. Although the preferred source is autologous cells to avoid immunological rejection, adult SMCs are difficult to obtain and expand. An alternative source of autologous cells could be bone marrow derived stem cells (BMSCs), which differentiate toward mesenchymal and hematopoietic lineages [2].

Regenerative Endodontics

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Feigin ◽  
Bonnie Shope
Keyword(s):  
Patient Selection ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Regenerative Endodontics ◽  
Successful Case ◽  
Infected Root ◽  
Canal Systems ◽  
Infected Root Canal

Regenerative endodontics has been defined as “biologically based procedure designed to replace damaged structures, including dentin and root structures, as well as cells of the pulp–dentin complex.” This is an exciting and rapidly evolving field of human endodontics for the treatment of immature permanent teeth with infected root canal systems. These procedures have shown to be able not only to resolve pain and apical periodontitis but continued root development, thus increasing the thickness and strength of the previously thin and fracture-prone roots. In the last decade, over 80 case reports, numerous animal studies, and series of regenerative endodontic cases have been published. However, even with multiple successful case reports, there are still some remaining questions regarding terminology, patient selection, and procedural details. Regenerative endodontics provides the hope of converting a nonvital tooth into vital one once again.

scholarly journals Concise Review: Engineering Myocardial Tissue: The Convergence of Stem Cells Biology and Tissue Engineering Technology

Stem Cells ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 2587-2598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Willem Buikema ◽  
Peter Van Der Meer ◽  
Joost P.G. Sluijter ◽  
Ibrahim J. Domian
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Myocardial Tissue ◽  
Engineering Technology ◽  
Concise Review ◽  
Tissue Engineering Technology

Effects of Electrical Stimulation on Stem Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 441-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Heng ◽  
Mit Bhavsar ◽  
Zhihua Han ◽  
John H. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Recent Interest ◽  
Scaffold Materials ◽  
Block Cell Proliferation

Recent interest in developing new regenerative medicine- and tissue engineering-based treatments has motivated researchers to develop strategies for manipulating stem cells to optimize outcomes in these potentially, game-changing treatments. Cells communicate with each other, and with their surrounding tissues and organs via electrochemical signals. These signals originate from ions passing back and forth through cell membranes and play a key role in regulating cell function during embryonic development, healing, and regeneration. To study the effects of electrical signals on cell function, investigators have exposed cells to exogenous electrical stimulation and have been able to increase, decrease and entirely block cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, alignment, and adherence to scaffold materials. In this review, we discuss research focused on the use of electrical stimulation to manipulate stem cell function with a focus on its incorporation in tissue engineering-based treatments.

scholarly journals From skeletal development to the creation of pluripotent stem cell-derived bone-forming progenitors

2018 ◽  
Vol 373 (1750) ◽  
pp. 20170218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai Long Tam ◽  
Frank P. Luyten ◽  
Scott J. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Skeletal Development ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Cell Sources ◽  
Scaffold Materials ◽  
Developmental Programme

Bone has many functions. It is responsible for protecting the underlying soft organs, it allows locomotion, houses the bone marrow and stores minerals such as calcium and phosphate. Upon damage, bone tissue can efficiently repair itself. However, healing is hampered if the defect exceeds a critical size and/or is in compromised conditions. The isolation or generation of bone-forming progenitors has applicability to skeletal repair and may be used in tissue engineering approaches. Traditionally, bone engineering uses osteochondrogenic stem cells, which are combined with scaffold materials and growth factors. Despite promising preclinical data, limited translation towards the clinic has been observed to date. There may be several reasons for this including the lack of robust cell populations with favourable proliferative and differentiation capacities. However, perhaps the most pertinent reason is the failure to produce an implant that can replicate the developmental programme that is observed during skeletal repair. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can potentially offer a solution for bone tissue engineering by providing unlimited cell sources at various stages of differentiation. In this review, we summarize key embryonic signalling pathways in bone formation coupled with PSC differentiation strategies for the derivation of bone-forming progenitors. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Designer human tissue: coming to a lab near you’.

scholarly journals Stem Cells Applications in Regenerative Medicine and Disease Therapeutics

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjeet Singh Mahla
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Functional Restoration ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Engineering Technology ◽  
Tissue Engineering Technology

Regenerative medicine, the most recent and emerging branch of medical science, deals with functional restoration of tissues or organs for the patient suffering from severe injuries or chronic disease. The spectacular progress in the field of stem cell research has laid the foundation for cell based therapies of disease which cannot be cured by conventional medicines. The indefinite self-renewal and potential to differentiate into other types of cells represent stem cells as frontiers of regenerative medicine. The transdifferentiating potential of stem cells varies with source and according to that regenerative applications also change. Advancements in gene editing and tissue engineering technology have endorsed the ex vivo remodelling of stem cells grown into 3D organoids and tissue structures for personalized applications. This review outlines the most recent advancement in transplantation and tissue engineering technologies of ESCs, TSPSCs, MSCs, UCSCs, BMSCs, and iPSCs in regenerative medicine. Additionally, this review also discusses stem cells regenerative application in wildlife conservation.

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