scholarly journals Evaluation of Antimicrobial Resistance inStaphylococcus aureusIsolates by Years

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cennet Rağbetli ◽  
Mehmet Parlak ◽  
Yasemin Bayram ◽  
Huseyin Guducuoglu ◽  
Nesrin Ceylan
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Becton Dickinson ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Resistance Rates

Objective. Recently, community and hospital-acquired infections withStaphylococcus aureushave increased and raised antibiotic resistant isolates. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance profile ofS. aureusisolates over several years in various clinical specimens from our hospital.Materials and Methods.S. aureusstrains from 2009 to 2014 were isolated from various clinical samples at Yuzuncu Yil University, Dursun Odabas Medical Center, Microbiology Laboratory, and their antibiotic susceptibility test results were retrospectively investigated. The isolates were identified by conventional methods, and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed by the Phoenix (Becton Dickinson, USA) automated system method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) standards.Results. A total of 1,116S. aureusisolates were produced and methicillin-resistantS. aureus(MRSA) to 21% of allS. aureusisolates between 2009 and 2014. According to the results of susceptibility tests of all isolates ofS. aureus, they have been identified as sensitive to vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, and levofloxacin. While the resistance rates to nitrofurantoin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were determined as 0.3%, 2.4%, and 6%, respectively, resistance rates to penicillin, erythromycin, rifampicin, gentamicin, and clindamycin were determined as 100%, 18%, 14%, 14%, and 11%, respectively. The highest percentage of methicillin resistance was determined as 30% in 2009, and the resistance was determined to have decreased in subsequent years (20%, 16%, 13%, 19%, and 21%) (p<0.001).Conclusion. Currently, retrospective evaluations of causes of nosocomial infection should be done periodically. We think that any alteration of resistance over the years has to be identified, and all centers must determine their own resistance profiles, in order to guide empirical therapies. Reducing the rate of antibiotic resistance will contribute to reducing the cost of treatment.

scholarly journals 1593. Analysis of Hospital Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Results for Patterns of Antibiotic Resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S581-S581
Author(s):  
Andrew Beckley ◽  
Erik S Wright
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
Collateral Sensitivity ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Organism Identification

Abstract Background Antimicrobial susceptibility tests (ASTs) are routinely performed on pathogens isolated from clinical samples. ASTs are used by clinicians to select the most appropriate treatment for antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. In aggregate, ASTs offer insight into the rise and spread of antibiotic resistance across hospitals. Here, we used ASTs to identify patterns of antibiotic resistance across drugs and microorganisms. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of 364,813 AST results from the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center from 2015 to 2018. Data regarding infection site, hospital laboratory testing, organism identification, and antibiotic susceptibilities were extracted from the laboratory information system and anonymized prior to use. The pathogens studied included Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, and Enterococcus faecalis. Results We identified 21 antibiotic-pathogen combinations where resistance was found in less than 1% of AST results. Concordant susceptibility results of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin occurred the most frequently among antibiotic pairs. Additionally, concordant susceptibility results were more common within antibiotics belonging to the same antibiotic class than between classes. P. aeruginosa had the highest rate of overall concordant results with concordance occurring within all -lactam classes. In contrast, K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis showed the least concordance, suggesting that their resistance profiles are less predictable. Notably, we did not identify any pairs of antibiotics that strongly exhibited discordant susceptibility results regardless of the microorganism. Conclusion Using routinely collected clinical microbiological data, we were able to characterize pathogen-antibiotic combinations where resistance is rarely seen. Additionally, we identified pairs of antibiotics that frequently exhibited concordance susceptibilities both within and between classes. Lastly, we were unable to find evidence of discordant susceptibility results, indicating that more clinical research is needed to determine the efficacy of collateral sensitivity treatment techniques. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Microorganisms Isolated from Wound Samples and Their Antibiotic Resistance Rates

ANKEM Dergisi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezgi Köse ◽  
Emel Çalışkan ◽  
Nagihan Memiş ◽  
Betül Dönmez ◽  
Pelin Duran
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Resistance Rates

In this study, it was aimed to contribute to available epidemiological data and guide empirical treatment by determining the distribution and antibiotic susceptibility of pathogenic microorganisms isolated from wound samples sent to the microbiology laboratory of our hospital. The agents of wound infection sent to our laboratory between 02.01.2017 and 20.07.2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The microorganisms grown were identified by conventional microbiological methods together with automated system. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and an automated system and evaluated according to EUCAST criteria. Of the 956 bacteria isolated from 722 samples, 370 (39 %) were order Enterobacterales, 286 (30 %) were Gram positive cocci, 134 (14 %) were Pseudomonas spp., 83 (9 %) were Acinetobacter baumannii and 27 (3 %) were Candida spp. Vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid resistance were not found in staphylococci and enterococci. The most effective antibiotic against Staphylococcus aureus was trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SXT) (11 %), and gentamicin (30 %) and TMP-SXT (28 %) for coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS). Ciprofloxacin (48 %) and levofloxacin (58 %) resistance was higher in enterococci compared to other antibiotics. In addition, Klebsiella spp. strains have higher resistance rates than other Enterobacterales genus strains while A. baumannii and Pseudomonas spp. strains had the lowest resistance rate against colistin (1 %). Antibiotic resistance was higher in intensive care units than in other clinics, except for enterococci. In our study, it was observed that many species of bacteria and fungi could be an agent in wound infection, and high rates of resistance developed against antibiotics. Therefore, it was thought that the treatments should be regulated by performing culture and antibiogram procedures on all samples for which wound infection is suspected.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility, Biofilm Production, and Detection of mecA Gene among Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Different Clinical Specimens

Diseases ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Upama Gaire ◽  
Upendra Thapa Shrestha ◽  
Sanjib Adhikari ◽  
Nabaraj Adhikari ◽  
Anup Bastola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test

The increasing incidence of methicillin-resistant and biofilm-forming S. aureus isolates in hospital settings is a gruesome concern today. The main objectives of this study were to determine the burden of S. aureus in clinical samples, assess their antibiotic susceptibility pattern and detect biofilm formation and mecA gene in them. A total of 1968 different clinical specimens were processed to isolate S. aureus following standard microbiological procedures. Antibiotic susceptibility test of the isolates was performed by Kirby–Bauer disc-diffusion method following CLSI guidelines. Biofilm was detected through tissue culture plate method. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates were screened using cefoxitin (30 µg) discs and mecA gene was amplified by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Of 177 bacterial growth, the prevalence of S. aureus was 15.3% (n = 27). MRSA were 55.6% (15/27) and 44% (12/27) exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR). There was no significant association between methicillin resistance and MDR (p > 0.05). Both MRSA and MSSA were least sensitive to penicillin (100%, 75%) followed by erythromycin (86.6%, 66.6%). Most of the MRSA (93.4%) were susceptible to tetracycline. All S. aureus isolates were biofilm producers—19 (70%) were weak and only one (4%) was a strong biofilm producer. The strong biofilm-producing MSSA was resistant to most of the antibiotics except cefoxitin and clindamycin. None of the MSSA possessed mecA gene while 8 (53.3%) MRSA had it. More than half of S. aureus isolated were MRSA. High incidence of multidrug resistance along with capacity to form biofilm among clinical isolates of S. aureus is a matter of apprehension and prompt adoption of biosafety measures is suggested to curb their dissemination in the hospital environments.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Infections with Limited Antibiotic Options

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gökçe Kader Aslan ◽  
Fatma Esenkaya Taşbent ◽  
Metin Doğan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Multiple Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Resistance Rates

Objective: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic pathogen that frequently causes nosocomial infections in recent years. It is generally isolated from respiratory tract samples, blood, urine and drainage materials. Due to multiple antibiotic resistance, a limited number of antibiotics are used in the treatment of these infections. The aim of this study is to investigate the antibiotic resistance status and risk factors in isolated S. maltophilia strains. Method: Diversity and antibiotic susceptibility levels of S. maltophilia strains isolated from various clinical samples between January 2018 and June 2020 were examined using conventional methods and VITEK2 automated system. Demographic and diagnostic data of the patients were retrieved from the hospital’s data base to identify the risk factors of infection. Results: Of the 300 strains examined, 46% were isolated from intensive care units, 35.3% from patients hospitalized in other clinics, and 18.7% from outpatient clinic patients. It was observed that 64 (21.3%) of 300 patients were immunosuppressed. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance was 1.3% and levofloxacin resistance was 0.7%. Conclusion: Resistance rates were found to be lower than the literature data in the study. It was concluded that hospitalization in the intensive care unit and immunosuppression are important risk factors for S. maltophilia infections.

scholarly journals The Antibiotic Susceptibilities of Methicilline-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated From Various Clinical Samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 266-270
Author(s):  
Erdal Özbek ◽  
Hakan Temiz ◽  
Nida Özcan ◽  
Hasan Akkoc
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Phenotype ◽  
Vitek 2 ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Diffusion Assay

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the in vitro susceptibilities of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains to fluoroquinolone, linezolid, tigecycline, and quinupristin/dalfopristin as well as the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance phenotype. Materials and Methods: A total of 94 MRSA strains isolated from various clinical samples in our hospital laboratory between January 2020 and September 2020 were included. The in-vitro susceptibilities of MRSA strains against fluoroquinolone, linezolid, tigecycline, and quinupristin/dalfopristin were determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion assay according to The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST).  The E test assay was used for evaluation of tigecycline susceptibility. The D-zone test was performed with erythromycin (15 μg) and clindamycin (2 μg) discs to determine the MLSB resistance. Besides, bacterial identification, antibiotic susceptibility tests including methicillin resistance and MLSB phenotype determination were performed by using VITEK 2 Gram-positive diagnostic kits (Bio-Mérieux/France). Results: Results: Among 94 MRSA strains included, resistance rates to ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, tigecycline, and quinupristin/dalfopristin were found as 71% (67 isolates) 64% (60 isolates), 17% (16 isolates), and 2% (2 isolates), respectively. Resistance was not detected for linezolid. A total of 36 (49%) isolates showed cMLSB resistance phenotype, while 18(19%) had iMLSB resistance. The methicillin susceptibility (MS) phenotype – strains resistant to erythromycin and susceptible to clindamycin- was not detected. Conclusion: Very little resistance was found to linezolid, quinupristin/dalfopristin and tigecycline. Therefore, these antibiotics may be beneficial for the proper treatment of infections caused by MLSB-resistant isolates.

scholarly journals The Antibiotic Susceptibilities of Methicilline-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated From Various Clinical Samples

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erdal Ozbek ◽  
Hakan TEMİZ ◽  
Nida ÖZCAN ◽  
Hasan AKKOÇ
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Phenotype ◽  
Vitek 2 ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Diffusion Assay

Abstract Background and Objective:: In this study, it was aimed to determine the in vitro susceptibilities of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains to fluoroquinolone, linezolid, tigecycline, and quinupristin /dalfopristin as well as the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance phenotype. Materials and Methods A total of 94 MRSA strains isolated from various clinical samples in our hospital laboratory between January 2020 and September 2020 were included. The in-vitro susceptibilities of MRSA strains against fluoroquinolone, linezolid, tigecycline, and quinupristin/dalfopristin were determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion assay according to The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). The E test assay was used for evaluation of tigecycline susceptibility. The D-zone test was performed with erythromycin (15 µg) and clindamycin (2 µg) discs to determine the MLSB resistance. Besides, bacterial identification, antibiotic susceptibility tests including methicillin resistance and MLSB phenotype determination were performed by using VİTEK 2 Gram-positive diagnostic kits(Bio-Mérieux/France). Results Results: Among 94 MRSA strains included, resistance rates to ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, tigecycline, and quinupristin/dalfopristin were found as 71% (67 isolates) 64%(60 isolates), 17%(16 isolates), and 2% (2 isolates), respectively.. Resistance was not detected for linezolid. A total of 36(49%) isolates showed cMLSB resistance phenotype while 18(19%) had iMLSB resistance. The MS phenotype – strains resistant to erythromycin and susceptible to clindamycin- was not detected. Conclusion Very little or no resistance was found to linezolid, quinupristin/dalfopristin and tigecycline. Therefore, these antibiotics may be beneficial for the proper treatment of infections caused by MLSB-resistant isolates.

scholarly journals Trends in Primary Antibiotic Resistance in H. pylori Strains Isolated in Italy between 2009 and 2019

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Maria Saracino ◽  
Giulia Fiorini ◽  
Angelo Zullo ◽  
Matteo Pavoni ◽  
Laura Saccomanno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Multiple Biopsies ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Resistance Rates

Background and aims: the increasing prevalence of strains resistant to antimicrobial agents is a critical issue for the management of Helicobacter pylori infection. This study aimed to evaluate, in Italian naïve patients, H. pylori antibiotic resistance trends and their potential predictive factors during the last decade. Methods: consecutive Italian naïve H. pylori positive patients, referred from General Practitioners to our Unit from January 2009 to January 2019 to perform an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE), were considered. Each patient underwent 13C-urea breath test (13C-UBT) and UGIE with multiple biopsies to perform rapid urease test (RUT), culture/susceptibility test (vs. clarithromycin, metronidazole, levofloxacin), and histopathological examination. H. pylori status was assessed through CRM (composite reference method: at least two tests positive or only culture positive). Results: between 2009 and 2014, 1763 patients were diagnosed as H. pylori positive, 907 were naïve with antibiogram available. Between 2015 and 2019, 1415 patients were diagnosed as H. pylori positive, antibiotic susceptibility test was available in 739 naïve patients. H. pylori primary antibiotic resistance rates in the first and second five-year period were, respectively, clarithromycin 30.2% (95% CI 27.2–33.3), 37.8% (95% CI 34.2–41.4); metronidazole 33.3% (95% CI 30.2–36.5), 33.6% (95% CI 30.2–37.1); levofloxacin 25.6% (95% CI 22.8–28.5), 33.8% (95% CI 37.4–47.4), double resistance clarithromycin-metronidazole 18.9% (95% CI 16.4–21.6), 20.7% (95% CI 17.8–23.8). The increase of the resistance rates to clarithromycin and levofloxacin in naïve patients was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Although eradication rates for sequential therapy in the 10 years considered were 93.4% (95% CI 92–94.6) and 87.5% (95% CI 85.7–89) at per-protocol (PP) and intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, respectively, they showed a significant decrease in the second five-year period. Conclusions: this data highlights an increase in primary H. pylori antibiotic resistance and strongly suggests the importance of drug susceptibility testing also in naïve patients.

scholarly journals Sphingomonas paucimobilis bacteremia from multiple clinical samples in a nosocomial infection in Erbil City

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Allaa Aldilemi ◽  
Fattma A. Ali ◽  
. Susan F. Kh. AlSudani ◽  
Payam A. Othman ◽  
Bnar H. Nuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Sphingomonas Paucimobilis ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background:  Sphingomonas paucimobilis is a gram-negative pathogen that causes urinary tract infections, diarrhea, septicemia, and wound infections. Due to the spread of patients with high mortality but low mortality in Sphingomonas paucimobilis, it has been isolated from different clinical samples and is increasing antibiotic resistance all over the world.   Objectives: The aim of our research was to look at the epidemiology, antibiotic susceptibility series, and pathogenic potential of clinical samples from Erbil's Rizgary and Raparin hospitals.   Materials and Methods: A total of 2582 samples were reviewed from different clinical samples from Rizgary Hospital and Raparin Hospital from male and female, we found 24 Sphingomonas paucimobilis isolates, identified by using microscopical, morphological, biochemical tests and Vitek2 compact system according to the standard protocol against Ampicillin/Sulbactam, Cefazolin, Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone, Cefepime, Imipenem, Tobramycin, Ciprofloxacin, Lev- ofloxacin, Trimethoprim. using Vitek 2 compact system. Results: 24 total positive results of Sphingomonas paucimobilis isolated from 2582 different clinical specimens the highest percentage of Sphingomonas paucimobilis was isolated from female samples (65%) while from male (35%) wen performing antibiotic susceptibility the highest resistance rate was Trimethoprim (66.66%), followed by To bramycin (50%), Ciprofloxacin (50%) and Levofloxacin (41.66%), respectively in contrast the highest effective antibiotic against Sphingomonas paucimobilis was Cefepime (75%), Imipenem (75%), followed by Ceftriaxone (66.66%), Ceftazidime (66.66%), Cefazolin (66.66%), Ampicillin/Sulbactam (66.66%) Conclusion: Morbidity attribute to antibiotic resistance to third generation cephalosporin resistant, Sphingomonas paucimobilis resistant is significant, if prevailing resistance trends continue, high societal and economic costs can be expected. Better management of antibiotic use, and infection control is needed to avoid infections that caused by drug resistant pathogens like Sphingomonas paucimobilis.  

scholarly journals Overview of three-year trends of antimicrobial consumption and resistance in Sicilian hospitals

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Barchitta ◽  
A Quattrocchi ◽  
A Maugeri ◽  
M C La Rosa ◽  
C La Mastra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
Antimicrobial Consumption ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Resistance Rates

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the ten threats identified by the WHO in 2019. In order to face this issue and in the framework of the National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance (PNCAR) 2017-2020, the Sicilian Health Authority has implemented a surveillance system of antibiotic consumption in the hospital sector and in the community and of antibiotic resistance in the Sicilian hospitals. The aim of the present work is to report the results of three-year surveillance. Methods From 2015 to 2017, data on antibiotic consumption have been collected from pharmacies of participating hospitals. AMR data on seven bacterial pathogens isolated in blood and cerebrospinal fluid have been collected from hospital laboratories, using routine clinical antimicrobial susceptibility tests. Antibiotic consumption was expressed as Defined Daily Dose (DDD) per 100 patient-days. Antibiotic resistance rates (RRs) were calculated as the number of non-susceptible isolates divided by the total number of isolates multiplied by 100. Results The most commonly consumed antibiotics in participating hospitals were fluoroquinolones in 2015, penicillins in 2016, and beta-lactams in 2017, respectively. RRs of Klebsiella pneumoniae significantly increased for all antimicrobial classes (p &lt; 0.001), but carbapenems. By contrast, RRs of Escherichia coli resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems showed significant decreasing trends (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions The implementation of the Sicilian surveillance system provides Sicilian reference data to monitor trends and target interventions and policies for reducing the threat of AMR. Recently, using toolkits of the ECDC-EAAD initiative adapted with regional surveillance data, an educational campaign “Obiettivo Antibiotico” - https://www.obiettivoantibiotico.it/ - was designed and launched to raise awareness of prudent use of antibiotics in the general public and in healthcare professionals in Sicily. Key messages Inappropriate antimicrobial consumption observed in Sicilian hospitals contributes to the emergence and selection of AMR. Surveillance system of antimicrobial consumption and AMR can help identify strategies for preventing spread of multi-drug resistant microorganisms.

Assessing and analysing contamination of a dairy products processing plant byStaphylococcus aureususing antibiotic resistance and PFGE

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 1108-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
E C Tondo ◽  
MC M Guimarães ◽  
J AP Henriques ◽  
M AZ Ayub
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Food Handler ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Pfge Analysis ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test

A dairy product processing plant was studied for 2.5 years to examine contamination with Staphylococcus aureus and try to correlate the source of contamination. Cultures were submitted to an antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) and characterised by Pulsed-field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. Results showed that 35.2% (19/51) of food handlers were asymptomatic carriers of S. aureus, and that 90.4% (19/21) of raw milk sampled was contaminated. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from only 10 samples among more than 3200 investigated dairy products. No S. aureus contamination was found on machinery. The AST analysis demonstrated sensitivity of tested S. aureus to oxacillin, cephalothin, vancomycin, gentamicin, and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. AST analysis generated eight different phenotypic profiles, but did not allow us to identify the source of contamination in seven of ten final products. PFGE analysis proved to be a sensitive method as it generated 42 different DNA banding profiles among the 48 S. aureus investigated, demonstrating a lack of predominance of endemic strains in the plant, contrary to suggestions raised by antibiotic resistance typing. Based on PFGE genotyping, S. aureus strains isolated from four contaminated final products were similar to four S. aureus isolated from raw milk. Five final products contained S. aureus different from all other strains collected, and one showed similarity to a strain isolated from a food handler. These results suggest contamination by raw milk as the main source of contamination of the final dairy products.Key words: Staphylococcus aureus, dairy products, antibiotic susceptibility, PFGE.

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