scholarly journals A Facile Approach for the Mass Production of Submicro/Micro Poly (Lactic Acid) Fibrous Mats and Their Cytotoxicity Test towards Neural Stem Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afra Hadjizadeh ◽  
Houman Savoji ◽  
Abdellah Ajji
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Polymer Solution ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Binary Solvent ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test

Despite many of the studies being conducted, the electrospinning of poly (lactic acid) (PLA), dissolved in its common solvents, is difficult to be continuously processed for mass production. This is due to the polymer solution droplet drying. Besides, the poor stretching capability of the polymer solution limits the production of small diameter fibers. To address these issues, we have examined the two following objectives: first, using an appropriate solvent system for the mass production of fibrous mats with fine-tunable fiber diameters; second, nontoxicity of the mats towards Neural Stem Cell (NSC). To this aim, TFA (trifluoroacetic acid) was used as a cosolvent, in a mixture with DCM (dichloromethane), and the solution viscosity, surface tension, electrical conductivity, and the continuity of the electrospinning process were compared with the solutions prepared with common single solvents. The binary solvent facilitated PLA electrospinning, resulting in a long lasting, stable electrospinning condition, due to the low surface tension and high conductivity of the binary-solvent system. The fiber diameter was tailored from nano to micro by varying effective parameters and examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and image-processing software. Laminin-coated electrospun mats supported NSC expansion and spreading, as examined using AlamarBlue assay and fluorescent microscopy, respectively.

scholarly journals Solvent evaporation in a binary solvent system for controllable fabrication of porous fibers by electrospinning

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1821-1825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei-Gen Liu ◽  
Ji-Huan He
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Solvent Evaporation ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Binary Solvent ◽  
Porous Fibers ◽  
Controllable Process ◽  
Controllable Fabrication

Solvent evaporation is used for fabrication of nanoporous fibers by electrospinning, where multiple solvents are used. Pore size and distribution can be con-trolled by the fractions of the spun solution. An experiment was carefully designed, where polysulfone and poly(lactic acid) were dissolved in a binary solvent of dichloromethane and dimethylacetamide, to reveal the controllable process for fabrication of nanoporous fibers.

scholarly journals From Honeycomb- to Microsphere-Patterned Surfaces of Poly(Lactic Acid) and a Starch-Poly(Lactic Acid) Blend via the Breath Figure Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Rita C. Duarte ◽  
Devid Maniglio ◽  
Nuno Sousa ◽  
João F. Mano ◽  
Rui L. Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Patterned Surfaces ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Breath Figure ◽  
Breath Figure Method

Background This study investigated the preparation of ordered patterned surfaces and/or microspheres from a natural-based polymer, using the breath figure and reverse breath figure methods. Methods Poly(D,L-lactic acid) and starch poly(lactic acid) solutions were precipitated in different conditions – namely, polymer concentration, vapor atmosphere temperature and substrate – to evaluate the effect of these conditions on the morphology of the precipitates obtained. Results The possibility of fine-tuning the properties of the final patterns simply by changing the vapor atmosphere was also demonstrated here using a range of compositions of the vapor phase. Porous films or discrete particles are formed when the differences in surface tension determine the ability of polymer solution to surround water droplets or methanol to surround polymer droplets, respectively. In vitro cytotoxicity was assessed applying a simple standard protocol to evaluate the possibility to use these materials in biomedical applications. Moreover, fluorescent microscopy images showed a good interaction of cells with the material, which were able to adhere on the patterned surfaces after 24 hours in culture. Conclusions The development of patterned surfaces using the breath figure method was tested in this work for the preparation of both poly(lactic acid) and a blend containing starch and poly(lactic acid). The potential of these films to be used in the biomedical area was confirmed by a preliminary cytotoxicity test and by morphological observation of cell adhesion.

scholarly journals Poly(lactic acid)—Mass production, processing, industrial applications, and end of life

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 333-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Castro-Aguirre ◽  
F. Iñiguez-Franco ◽  
H. Samsudin ◽  
X. Fang ◽  
R. Auras
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid

scholarly journals In Vitro Characterization of Poly(Lactic Acid)/ Poly(Hydroxybutyrate)/ Thermoplastic Starch Blends for Tissue Engineering Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 096368972110210
Author(s):  
Martina Culenova ◽  
Ivana Birova ◽  
Pavol Alexy ◽  
Paulina Galfyova ◽  
Andreas Nicodemou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
In Vitro Characterization ◽  
Custom Made

Complex in vitro characterization of a blended material based on Poly(Lactic Acid), Poly(Hydroxybutyrate), and Thermoplastic Starch (PLA/PHB/TPS) was performed in order to evaluate its potential for application in the field of tissue engineering. We focused on the biological behavior of the material as well as its mechanical and morphological properties. We also focused on the potential of the blend to be processed by the 3D printer which would allow the fabrication of the custom-made scaffold. Several blends recipes were prepared and characterized. This material was then studied in the context of scaffold fabrication. Scaffold porosity, wettability, and cell-scaffold interaction were evaluated as well. MTT test and the direct contact cytotoxicity test were applied in order to evaluate the toxic potential of the blended material. Biocompatibility studies were performed on the human chondrocytes. According to our results, we assume that material had no toxic effect on the cell culture and therefore could be considered as biocompatible. Moreover, PLA/PHB/TPS blend is applicable for 3D printing. Printed scaffolds had highly porous morphology and were able to absorb water as well. In addition, cells could adhere and proliferate on the scaffold surface. We conclude that this blend has potential for scaffold engineering.

scholarly journals Mass Production of Uniformly Sized Air-Filled Poly-Lactic Acid Microcapsules Made from Microbubble Templates

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 213-224
Author(s):  
Jay Molino ◽  
Svetlana Jojlova ◽  
Hirofumi Daiguji ◽  
Fumio Takemura
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid

scholarly journals Biocompatibility Assessment of Poly(lactic acid) Films after Sterilization with Ethylene Oxide in Histological Study In Vivo with Wistar Rats and Cellular Adhesion of Fibroblasts In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Savaris ◽  
Gustavo L. Braga ◽  
Venina dos Santos ◽  
Glaucio A. Carvalho ◽  
Asdrubal Falavigna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test

Biomaterials must meet certain fundamental requirements for their usage in living beings, such as biocompatibility, bifunctionality, and sterilizability, without having chemical and structural changes. The biocompatibility of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films, shaped by compression, was evaluated after sterilization by ethylene oxide by a histological in vivo test with Wistar rats and cytotoxicity in cell adhesion in vitro. The cytotoxicity test was performed by the reduction of tetrazolium salt (MTT). Thermal and chemical changes in PLA films concerning the proposed sterilization process and characteristics were not observed to evidence polymer degradation due to sterilization. The analysis of the cytotoxicity by the MTT method has shown that the sterilized PLA films are not cytotoxic. The adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts on PLA films were homogeneously distributed over the evaluation period, showing an elongated appearance with unnumbered cytoplasmic extensions and cell-cell interactions. By examining the biocompatibility in a histological study, a mild tissue inflammation was observed with the presence of fibrosis in the samples that had been exposed for 21 days in the rats’ bodies. PLA films sterilized with ethylene oxide did not exhibit cell adhesion in vitro and toxicity to the surrounding tissue in vivo and they may be used in future in vivo testing, according to histological findings in Wistar rats in the present study.

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