scholarly journals Primary Pulmonary Amebiasis Complicated with Multicystic Empyema

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Zakaria ◽  
Bayan Al-Share ◽  
Khaled Al Asad
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Amebic Liver Abscess ◽  
Surgical Drainage ◽  
Amebic Dysentery ◽  
History Of ◽  
Brain Involvement ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Amebiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the protozoanEntamoeba histolytica. While most infections are asymptomatic, the disease could manifest clinically as amebic dysentery and/or extraintestinal invasion in the form of amebic liver abscess or other more rare manifestations such as pulmonary, cardiac, or brain involvement. Herein we are reporting a case of a 24-year-old male with history of Down syndrome who presented with severe right side pneumonia complicated with multicystic empyema resistant to regular medical therapy. Further investigation revealed a positive pleural fluid forE. histolyticacysts and trophozoites. The patient was diagnosed with primary pleuropulmonary amebiasis and he responded promptly to surgical drainage and metronidazole therapy. In patients from endemic areas all physicians should keep a high index of suspicion of amebiasis as a cause of pulmonary disease.

CASE REPORT: RARE FORM OF HIRSCHPRUNG’S DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 82-84
Author(s):  
Ilja Skalskis
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Hirschsprung Disease ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Total Colonic Aganglionosis ◽  
Sphincter Function ◽  
Anal Sphincter Function ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Hirschsprung disease (HD) is a developmental disorder characterized by the absence of ganglia in the distal colon, resulting in a functional obstruction. Incidence of total colonic aganglionosis (TCA) is 1 in 500 000 and it accounts for 5-10% of all cases of HD. HD should be suspected in patients with typical clinical symptoms and a high index of suspicion is appropriate for infants with a predisposing condition such as Down Syndrome (DS), or for those with a family history of HD. The treatment of choice for HD is surgical, such as Swenson, Soave, and Duhamel procedures. The goals are to resect the affected segment of the colon, bring the normal ganglionic bowel down close to the anus, and preserve internal anal sphincter function. We present a clinical case report of TCA in a child with Down syndrome (DS) and review of literature.

‘The Stuff of Slow Constitution’: Reading Down Syndrome for Race, Disability, and the Timing that Makes Them So

Somatechnics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mel Y. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Trisomy 21 ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Early History ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Living Being

In this paper I would like to bring into historical perspective the interrelation of several notions such as race and disability, which at the present moment seem to risk, especially in the fixing language of diversity, being institutionalised as orthogonal in nature to one another rather than co-constitutive. I bring these notions into historical clarity primarily through the early history of what is today known as Down Syndrome or Trisomy 21, but in 1866 was given the name ‘mongoloid idiocy’ by English physician John Langdon Down. In order to examine the complexity of these notions, I explore the idea of ‘slow’ populations in development, the idea of a material(ist) constitution of a living being, the ‘fit’ or aptness of environmental biochemistries broadly construed, and, finally, the germinal interarticulation of race and disability – an ensemble that continues to commutatively enflesh each of these notions in their turn.

scholarly journals Pancreatico‑pleural Fistula: Case Series

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 026-031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Munirathinam ◽  
Pugazhendhi Thangavelu ◽  
Ratnakar Kini
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Acute And Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Pancreatic Pathology

ABSTRACTPancreatico‑pleural fistula is a rare but serious complication of acute and chronic pancreatitis. The pleural effusion caused by pancreatico‑pleural fistula is usually massive and recurrent. It is predominately left‑sided but right‑sided and bilateral effusion does occur. We report four cases of pancreatico‑pleural fistula admitted to our hospital. Their clinical presentation and management aspects are discussed. Two patients were managed by pancreatic endotherapy and two patients were managed conservatively. All four patients improved symptomatically and were discharged and are on regular follow‑up. Most of these patients would be evaluated for their breathlessness and pleural effusion delaying the diagnosis of pancreatic pathology and management. Hence, earlier recognition and prompt treatment would help the patients to recover from their illnesses. Pancreatic pleural fistula diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion in patients presenting with chest symptoms or pleural effusion. Extremely high pleural fluid amylase levels are usual but not universally present. A chest X‑ray, pleural fluid analysis, and abdominal imaging (magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography/magnetic resonance imaging abdomen more useful than contrast‑enhanced computed tomography abdomen) would clinch the diagnosis. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with stent or sphincterotomy should be considered when pancreatic duct (PD) reveals a stricture or when medical management fails in patients with dilated or irregular PD. Surgical intervention may be indicated in patients with complete disruption of PD or multiple strictures.

Intraorbital Abscess: A Rare Cause of Orbit Compression

FACE ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 273250162110050
Author(s):  
Samuel Ruiz ◽  
Rizal Lim
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
External Drainage ◽  
Direct Extension ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis

Introduction: Intraorbital abscess is a rare complication of rhinosinusitis that affects most commonly the pediatric population. It is thought to be caused by direct extension or venous spread of infections from contiguous sites and can lead to life-threatening complications, like permanent visual loss and cerebral abscesses. Objectives: Intraorbital abscess is a rare condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to avoid serious complications. Our objectives are to provide an overview of this rare disease process and its management including our successful treatment experience. Case Description: We present a 2 case report of a 13-year-old pediatric male and a 66-year-old male with history of chronic sinusitis who presented with a right intraorbital abscess successfully treated with external drainage with decompression of the orbit. Conclusion: When intraorbital abscess is encountered, a high index of suspicion is needed to allow prompt and accurate diagnosis for this infrequent condition. Timely surgical drainage of the abscess is needed to prevent the development of fatal complications.

scholarly journals Implementation of a Targeted Screening Program to Detect Airflow Obstruction Suggestive of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease within a Presurgical Screening Clinic

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal Robitaille ◽  
Esther Dajczman ◽  
Andrew M Hirsch ◽  
David Small ◽  
Pierre Ernst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Targeted Screening ◽  
History Of

BACKGROUND: Targeted spirometry screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been studied in primary care and community settings. Limitations regarding availability and quality of testing remain. A targeted spirometry screening program was implemented within a presurgical screening (PSS) clinic to detect undiagnosed airways disease and identify patients with COPD/asthma in need of treatment optimization.OBJECTIVE: The present quality assurance study evaluated airflow obstruction detection rates and examined characteristics of patients identified through the targeted screening program.METHODS: The targeted spirometry screening program was implemented within the PSS clinic of a tertiary care university hospital. Current or ex-smokers with respiratory symptoms and patients with a history of COPD or asthma underwent prebronchodilator spirometry. History of airways disease and smoking status were obtained during the PSS assessment and confirmed through chart reviews.RESULTS: After exclusions, the study sample included 449 current or ex-smokers. Abnormal spirometry results were found in 184 (41%) patients: 73 (16%) had mild, 93 (21%) had moderate and 18 (4%) had severe or very severe airflow obstruction. One hundred eighteen (26%) new cases of airflow obstruction suggestive of COPD were detected. One-half of these new cases had moderate or severe airflow obstruction. Only 34% of patients with abnormal spirometry results had reported a previous diagnosis of COPD. More than one-half of patients with abnormal spirometry results were current smokers.CONCLUSIONS: Undiagnosed airflow obstruction was detected in a significant number of smokers and ex-smokers through a targeted screening program within a PSS clinic. These patients can be referred for early intervention and secondary preventive strategies.

scholarly journals Actinomyces meyeriEmpyema: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hae Won Jung ◽  
Chong Rae Cho ◽  
Ji Yoon Ryoo ◽  
Hyun Kyo Lee ◽  
So Young Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Oral Amoxicillin ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Lung Nodules ◽  
The Right ◽  
Radiological Studies

Actinomyces meyeriis an uncommon cause of human actinomycosis. Here, we report a rare case of empyema caused byA. meyeri. A 49-year-old male presented with a history of 10 days of dyspnea and chest pain. A large amount of loculated pleural effusion was present on the right side and multiple lung nodules were documented on radiological studies. A chest tube was inserted and purulent pleural fluid was drained.A. meyeriwas isolated in anaerobic cultures of the pleural fluid. The infection was alleviated in response to treatment with intravenous penicillin G (20 million IU daily) and oral amoxicillin (500 mg every 8 hours) for 4 months, demonstrating that short-term antibiotic treatment was effective.

scholarly journals Left Ventricular Aneurysm Presenting as a Late Complication of Childhood Chemotherapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Braghadheeswar Thyagarajan ◽  
Lubna Bashir Munshi ◽  
Martin Miguel Amor
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Late Complication ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Left Ventricular Aneurysm ◽  
Ventricular Aneurysm ◽  
Past Medical History ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Cardiotoxicity is a well known adverse effect of chemotherapy. Multiple cardiac injuries have been reported including cardiomyopathy, pericarditis, myocarditis, angina, arrhythmias, and myocardial infarction. A left ventricular aneurysm due to chemotherapy is a rare and a dangerous complication which is particularly challenging in diagnosis requiring a high index of suspicion and periodic imaging. We present a case of a young Caucasian male with a past medical history of Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia status after chemotherapy during his childhood diagnosed with left ventricular aneurysm several years later.

scholarly journals Concomitant hepatic tuberculosis and hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature

BMC Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind S. Alsaif ◽  
Ali Hassan ◽  
Osamah Refai ◽  
Khaled Awary ◽  
Haitham Kussaibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Malignancy ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Hepatic Tuberculosis ◽  
Ct Guided Biopsy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Abdominal Examination ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy that is strongly associated with chronic liver disease. Isolated hepatic tuberculosis is an uncommon type of tuberculosis. Concomitant occurrence of both conditions is extremely rare. Case presentation We report the case of a 47-year-old man who presented with fever and abdominal pain for 3 months prior to presentation. He reported a history of anorexia and significant weight loss. Abdominal examination revealed a tender, enlarged liver. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a solid heterogeneous hepatic mass with peripheral arterial enhancement, but no venous washout, conferring a radiological impression of suspected cholangiocarcinoma. However, a CT-guided biopsy of the lesion resulted in the diagnosis of concomitant HCC and isolated hepatic tuberculosis. Conclusion A rapid increase in tumor size should draw attention to the possibility of a concomitant infectious process. Clinicians must have a high index of suspicion for tuberculosis, especially in patients from endemic areas, in order to initiate early and proper treatment.

Patient with systemic emboli in the setting of Klebsiella oxytoca tricuspid valve endocarditis and patent foramen ovale treated with NobleStitch and AngioVac

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. e243370
Author(s):  
John Leso ◽  
Majd Al-Ahmad ◽  
Drinnon O Hand
Keyword(s):  
Tricuspid Valve ◽  
Patent Foramen Ovale ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Foramen Ovale ◽  
Surgical Debulking ◽  
History Of ◽  
Infectious Disease Specialists ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Pfo Closure

A 34-year-old man with a medical history of injection drug use presented with 2 weeks of weakness, nausea, vomiting and septic shock secondary to infective endocarditis of a native tricuspid valve. On admission, CT chest demonstrated multiple cavitary lesions as well as numerous small infarcts seen on MRI brain concerning for systemic septic emboli. Subsequent transthoracic echo with bubble study revealed a large patent foramen ovale (PFO). The patient later received surgical debulking of his tricuspid valve vegetation with AngioVac. Subsequently, PFO closure was performed with a NobleStitch device. The case presented here demonstrates the importance of having a high index of suspicion with right-sided endocarditis and the development of other systemic signs and symptoms. It also underscores the necessity of a multidisciplinary team of cardiologists, surgeons, infectious disease specialists and intensivists in the treatment of these complicated patients.

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