scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Visualization of Myocardial Ischemia Based on the Standard Twelve-Lead Electrocardiogram

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ying Ma ◽  
Yang Sheng ◽  
Tian Ruixia ◽  
Chen Xun
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pseudo Color ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

A novel method was proposed for transforming the ischemic information in the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) into the pseudo-color pattern displayed on a 3D heart model based on the projection of a ST injury vector in this study. The projection of the ST injury vector at a point on the heart surface was used for identifying the presence of myocardial ischemia by the difference between the projection value and the detection threshold. Supposing that myocardial ischemia was uniform and continuous, the location and range of myocardial ischemia could be accurately calculated and visually displayed in a color-encoding way. The diagnoses of the same patient were highly consistent (kappa coefficientk=0.9030) between the proposed method used by ordinary people lacking medical knowledge and the standard 12-lead ECG used by experienced cardiologists. In addition, the diagnostic accuracy of the proposed method was further confirmed by the coronary angiography. The results of this study provide a new way to promote the development of the 3D visualization of the standard 12-lead ECG, which has a great help for inexperienced doctors or ordinary family members in their diagnosis of patients with myocardial ischemia.

scholarly journals Digital Three-Dimensional Visualization of Intrabony Periodontal Defects for Surgical Planning (Pilot Case Study)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Palkovics ◽  
Francesco Guido Mangano ◽  
Katalin Nagy ◽  
Peter Windisch
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Surgical Planning ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Models ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Digital Measurements ◽  
Periodontal Diagnostics

Abstract Background: In the regenerative treatment of intrabony periodontal defects, surgical strategies are determined by defect morphologies. Clinical direct measurements and intraoral radiographs are the main tools in periodontal diagnostics and surgical planning, however in certain cases they don’t provide sufficient amount of information. Therefore, the application of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in diagnosis and treatment planning of periodontally involved patients has been proposed. The aim of this study is to present a novel method for 3D visualization of intrabony periodontal defects on digital models reconstructed from CBCT datasets for diagnostics and treatment planning.Methods: 4 patients with a total of 6 intrabony periodontal defects were enrolled in the present study. 2 months following initial periodontal treatment CBCT scan is taken. Radiographic image processing (segmentation) of CBCT datasets were performed in a radiographic imaging software to acquire anatomically accurate, virtual three-dimensional polygon models of surgical areas. Intrasurgical and digital measurements were taken, and results were compared, to validate the accuracy of digital models.Results: Difference between intrasurgical- and digital measurements in depth and width of intrabony components of periodontal defects were 0,31±0,21 mm and 0,41±0,44 mm respectively.Conclusion: It can be concluded that, the described digital workflow is useful in the treatment of certain periodontal intrabony defect morphologies. However, to determine the exact use cases of such technology further studies and examination is necessary.Trial Registration: Retrospective Ethics Approval

scholarly journals Multiscale Characterization of An Oxide Scale Formed on the Creep-Resistant ATI 718Plus Superalloy during High-Temperature Oxidation

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6327
Author(s):  
Adam Kruk ◽  
Aleksander Gil ◽  
Sebastian Lech ◽  
Grzegorz Cempura ◽  
Alina Agüero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Distribution ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Cr2o3 Scale ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Original Insight

The ATI 718Plus® is a creep-resistant nickel-based superalloy exhibiting high strength and excellent oxidation resistance in high temperatures. The present study is focused on multiscale 2D and 3D characterization (morphological and chemical) of the scale and the layer beneath formed on the ATI 718Plus superalloy during oxidation at 850 °C up to 4000 h in dry and wet air. The oxidized samples were characterized using various microscopic methods (SEM, TEM and STEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron diffraction. The 3D visualization of the microstructural features was achieved by means of FIB-SEM tomography. When oxidized in dry air, the ATI 718Plus develops a protective, dense Cr2O3 scale with a dual-layered structure. The outer Cr2O3 layer is composed of coarser grains with a columnar shape, while the inner one features fine, equiaxed grains. The Cr2O3 scale formed in wet air is single-layered and features very fine grains. The article discusses the difference between the structure, chemistry and three-dimensional phase distribution of the oxide scales and near-surface areas developed in the two environments. Electron microscopy/spectroscopy findings combined with the three-dimensional reconstruction of the microstructure provide original insight into the role of the oxidation environment on the structure of the ATI 718Plus at the nanoscale.

A novel data processing method for sectional rail measurements to detect track irregularities in high-speed railways

2016 ◽  
Vol 232 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangtenglong Li ◽  
Minyi Cen ◽  
Tonggang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Data Processing Method ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Point Data ◽  
Sectional Measurement ◽  
Adjustment Equation

Static track inspection methods record the position and direction data through track surveys completed by trolleys that survey a track based on a track control network. The track inspection points must be measured in sections to decrease the likelihood of measurement errors. Certain track inspection points will be measured twice by adjacent stations, and different results will be obtained because of the measurement errors. To improve the regularity of the track, inspection point data from the sectional measurements must be processed, and differences in the results for the same inspection points must be eliminated. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel method referred to as the regularity for processing sectional measurement data (RPSMD) method, which overcomes the disadvantages of the currently available methods of processing inspection points via track-surveying trolleys and also improves the processing of nonoverlapping and overlapping inspection points. The adjustment criterion states that the difference value for the same adjusted overlapping points should be zero, and this criterion can be used to obtain the adjustment equation for each station. Using the adjustment equation, all station points can be corrected and the total regularity of the track points can be guaranteed. According to precisely measured ballastless tracks and their calculated three-dimensional coordinates, the RPSMD method and other available methods are verified by an experimentally designed precise mechanical device. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the nonoverlapping points adjusted by the RPSMD method is improved, and the accuracy is obviously higher than that obtained by the other available methods. Also, the accuracy of the RPSMD-adjusted overlapping points is much higher than that of the nonadjusted points.

scholarly journals 3D visualization and volume based quantification of rice chalkiness in vivo by using high resolution micro-CT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Su ◽  
Langtao Xiao
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Kernel Quality ◽  
Production Practice ◽  
Phenotype Analysis ◽  
Novel Method

Abstract Background: Rice quality research attracts attention worldwide. Rice chalkiness is one of the key indexes determining rice kernel quality. The traditional rice chalkiness measurement methods are mainly based on naked-eye observation or two-dimensional (2D) image analysis and the results could not represent the three-dimensional (3D) characteristics of chalkiness in the rice kernel. These methods are neither in vivo thus are unable to provide technical support for high throughput screening of rice chalkiness phenotype. Results: Here, we introduced a novel method for 3D visualization and accurate volume-based quantification of rice chalkiness in vivo by using X-ray microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). This approach not only develops a novel method to measure the rice chalkiness index, but also provides a high throughput solution for rice chalkiness phenotype analysis. Conclusions: Our method could be a new powerful tool for rice chalkiness measurement, which would greatly help the research of rice chalkiness traits as well as the quality evaluation in rice production practice.

scholarly journals Volumetric comparative analysis of anatomy through far-lateral approach: surgical space and exposed tissues

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Tang ◽  
Xu Feng ◽  
XiaodongYuan ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
XinyueChen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
Lateral Approach ◽  
Surgical Anatomy ◽  
Far Lateral Approach ◽  
Far Lateral ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ct Data

Abstract Background The three-dimensional (3D) visualization model has ability to quantify the surgical anatomy of far-lateral approach. This study was designed to disclose the relationship between surgical space and exposed tissues in the far-lateral approach by the volumetric analysis of 3D model. Methods The 3D skull base models were constructed using MRI and CT data of 15 patients (30 sides) with trigeminal neuralgia. Surgical corridors of the far-lateral approach were simulated by triangular pyramids to represent two surgical spaces exposing bony and neurovascular tissues. Volumetric comparison of surgical anatomy was performed using pair t test. Results The morphometric results were almost the same in the two surgical spaces except the vagus nerve (CN X) exposed only in one corridor, whereas the volumetric comparison represented the statistical significant differences of surgical space and bony and neurovascular tissues involved in the two corridors (P<0.001). The differences of bony and neurovascular tissues failed to equal the difference of surgical space. Conclusions For far-lateral approach, the increase of exposure for the bony and neurovascular tissues is not necessarily matched with the increase of surgical space. The volumetric comparative analysis is helpful to provide more detailed anatomical information in the surgical design.

scholarly journals Volumetric comparative analysis of anatomy through far-lateral approach: surgical space and exposed tissues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Tang ◽  
Feng Xu ◽  
Xiaodong Yuan ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Xinyue Chen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
Lateral Approach ◽  
Surgical Anatomy ◽  
Far Lateral Approach ◽  
Far Lateral ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ct Data

Abstract Background The three-dimensional (3D) visualization model has ability to quantify the surgical anatomy of far-lateral approach. This study was designed to disclose the relationship between surgical space and exposed tissues in the far-lateral approach by the volumetric analysis of 3D model. Methods The 3D skull base models were constructed using MRI and CT data of 15 patients (30 sides) with trigeminal neuralgia. Surgical corridors of the far-lateral approach was simulated by triangular pyramids to represent two surgical spaces exposing bony and neurovascular tissues. Volumetric comparison of surgical anatomy was performed using pair t test. Results The morphometric results were almost the same in the two surgical spaces except the vagus nerve (CN X) exposed only in one corridor. Whereas, the volumetric comparison represented the statistical significant differences of surgical space, and bony and neurovascular tissues involved in the two corridors (P༜0.001). The differences of bony and neurovascular tissuesfailed to equal the difference of surgical space. Conclusions For far-laterl approach, the increase of exposure for the bony and neurovascular tissues is not necessarilymatched with the increase of surgical space. The volumetric comparative analysis is helpful to provide more detailed anatomical information in the surgical design.

scholarly journals Volumetric Comparative Analysis of Anatomy Through Far-Lateral Approach: Surgical Space and Exposed Tissues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Tang ◽  
Xu Feng ◽  
Xiaodong Yuan ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Xinyue Chen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
Lateral Approach ◽  
Surgical Anatomy ◽  
Far Lateral Approach ◽  
Far Lateral ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ct Data

Abstract Objective The three-dimensional (3D) visualization model has ability to quantify the surgical anatomy of far-lateral approach. This study was designed to disclose the relationship between surgical space and exposed tissues in the far-lateral approach by the volumetric analysis of 3D model. Methods The 3D skull base modelswere constructed using MRI and CT data of 15 patients (30 sides) with trigeminal neuralgia. Surgical corridorsof the far-lateral approach was simulated by triangular pyramids to represent two surgical spaces exposing bony and neurovascular tissues. Volumetric comparison of surgical anatomy was performed using pair t test. Results The morphometric results were almost the same in the two surgical spaces except the vagus nerve (CN X) exposed only in one corridor. Whereas, the volumetric comparison represented the statistical significant differences of surgical space, and bony and neurovascular tissues involved in the two corridors (P༜0.001). The differences of bony and neurovascular tissuesfailed to equal the difference of surgical space. Conclusions For far-laterl approach, the increase of exposure for the bony and neurovascular tissues is not necessarilymatched with the increase of surgical space. The volumetric comparative analysis is helpful to provide more detailed anatomical information in the surgical design.

scholarly journals System for 3D Visualization of Flaws for Eddy Current Inspection

10.14311/818 ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dočekal ◽  
M. Kreidl ◽  
R. Šmíd
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Current ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Scanning System ◽  
Data Processing Method ◽  
Eddy Current Inspection ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Automated Scanning

This paper presents a novel method for 3D visualization of flaws detected during Eddy Current (EC) inspection. The EC data was acquired using an automated scanning system equipped with precise eddy current probe positioning. The method was tested on a single frequency instrument with an absolute probe. The EC inspection procedure is implemented statically by registering the operating point of the instrument at each equidistant point on a tested object.The paper describes a data processing method based on the Fourier transform enabling 3D visualization of flaws. This three-dimensional image of the result of a scan enables the position of flaws to be determined, and the size and bevel (angle to the surface) of each detected flaw to be estimated. This research investigated flaws rising from the surface of the tested object, and flaw depth was not evaluated in this work. This method of visualization is simple to implement and is currently targeted for application in EC scanning devices. 

Defocus ramp correction in spot-scan imaging

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-131
Author(s):  
Kenneth H. Downing
Keyword(s):  
Computer Control ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sufficient Accuracy ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Electron Crystallography ◽  
Contrast Transfer Function ◽  
Tilt Axis ◽  
Specimen Height ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Envelope Functions

Three-dimensional structures of a number of samples have been determined by electron crystallography. The procedures used in this work include recording images of fairly large areas of a specimen at high tilt angles. There is then a large defocus ramp across the image, and parts of the image are far out of focus. In the regions where the defocus is large, the contrast transfer function (CTF) varies rapidly across the image, especially at high resolution. Not only is the CTF then difficult to determine with sufficient accuracy to correct properly, but the image contrast is reduced by envelope functions which tend toward a low value at high defocus.We have combined computer control of the electron microscope with spot-scan imaging in order to eliminate most of the defocus ramp and its effects in the images of tilted specimens. In recording the spot-scan image, the beam is scanned along rows that are parallel to the tilt axis, so that along each row of spots the focus is constant. Between scan rows, the objective lens current is changed to correct for the difference in specimen height from one scan to the next.

Heparin from Intestine and Lung Source Administered in Large Dose to Dogs with Acute Myocardial Ischemia

1978 ◽  
Vol 40 (02) ◽  
pp. 407-417
Author(s):  
Michael J Saliba ◽  
Richard J Pavalec
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphate ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Large Dose ◽  
Acute Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Ischemic Myocardium ◽  
Atp Levels ◽  
Initial Control ◽  
The Difference

SummaryIntestinal mucosa heparin (IMH) and beef lung heparin (BLH) were infused into dogs subjected to myocardial ischemia by intermittent coronary artery occlusions. The IMH was from a mixture of beef, sheep, and pig intestinal mucosa. Initial control occlusion and recovery was followed by a second occlusion with 60,000 units of IMH or BLH added. Electrocardiographic S-T segment elevations (ST) were measured acutely. There were no significant differences in ST in non-ischemic myocardium before occlusions or with occlusions. In ischemic myocardium, IMH significantly lowered control ST 84% in amount (t = 6.1 p <0.00005), and 76% in number (t = 11.6 p <0.00001). BLH lowered control ST a significant, lesser, 36% in amount (t = 3.6 p <0.008), and 35% in number (t = 3.2 p <0.01). The difference between IMH and BLH in ischemic myocardium was a significant 48% in amount (t = 4.0 p <0.0007), and 41% in number (t = 2.0 p <0.06). Myocardial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels were assayed after 90 min. ATP levels were 31% higher in both ischemic and non-ischemic myocardium in IMH-treated dogs than in BLH- treated. It was concluded that IMH and BLH are functionally different, and IMH was significantly more effective.

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