scholarly journals Genetic Characterization of a Novel Mutant of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Isolated fromCapra ibexin China during 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zixiang Zhu ◽  
Xiaocui Zhang ◽  
Gulizhati Adili ◽  
Jiong Huang ◽  
Xiaoli Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Sequences ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Peste Des Petits Ruminants ◽  
Capra Ibex ◽  
V Protein ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lineage Iv ◽  
New Mutations

Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is the causative agent of peste des petits ruminants (PPR). The spread of PPR often causes severe economic losses. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the surveillance of PPR emergence, spread, and geographic distribution. Here we describe a novel mutant of PPRV China/XJBZ/2015 that was isolated fromCapra ibexin Xinjiang province in China 2015. The sequence analysis and phylogenetic assessment indicate that China/XJBZ/2015 belongs to lineage IV, being closely related to China/XJYL/2013 strain. Interestingly, the V protein sequence of China/XJBZ/2015 showed lower homology with other Chinese PPRVs isolated during 2013 to 2014 (94%~95%), whereas it shared 100% identity with three Tibet strains isolated in China 2007. The 3′ UTR, V gene, and C gene were determined to be highly variable. Besides, 29 PPR genomic sequences available in GenBank were analyzed in this study. It is the first time to use PPRV genomic sequences to classify the different lineages which confirmed the lineage clustering of PPRVs using N gene 255 bp fragments and F gene 322 bp fragments. In conclusion, our findings indicate that the PPRVs continue to evolve in China, and some new mutations have emerged.

scholarly journals Characterization of Bordetella Bronchiseptica Isolated from Rabbits in Fujian, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinxiang Wang ◽  
Shikun Sun ◽  
Yanfeng Chen ◽  
Dongjin Chen ◽  
Lei Sang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Bordetella Bronchiseptica ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Fujian Province ◽  
Pcr Screening ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sequence Types

Abstract Background Bordetella bronchiseptica can infect many animal species, and is a potential zoonotic pathogen that can also infect humans. In rabbits, infection of B. bronchiseptica is associated with respiratory disease, which causes economic losses to the rabbit farming. Fujian Province is a traditional importance rabbit farming area in China. However, no literature about the epidemiology and characteristics of B. bronchiseptica in rabbits in Fujian Province has been reported.Results A total of 219 B. bronchiseptica isolates were recovered from the 833 lung samples of dead rabbits with respiratory disease. The 219 isolates were typed into 11 sequence types (STs) including 5 known STs (ST6, ST10, ST12, ST14 and ST33) and 6 new STs (ST88, ST89, ST90, ST91, ST92 and ST93) by using multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). Surprisingly, all the 219 isolates carried the 5 virulence genes of fhaB, prn, cyaA, dnt and bteA in the PCR screening. Moreover, the isolates resistance to cefixime, ceftizoxime, cefatriaxone and ampicillin were detected, and the resistance rates to the 4 kinds of drug were 33.33, 31.05, 11.87 and 3.20%, respectively.Conclusions In the present study, we showed for the first time that B. bronchiseptica is widespread in rabbits in Fujian Province, and that B. bronchiseptica is an important pathogen associating with respiratory disease in rabbits in Fujian Province. Moreover, it should be alert to the potential occurrence of transmission events between rabbits and humans because the B. bronchiseptica strain of ST12 that can infect humans were also isolated from rabbits in Fujian Province.

scholarly journals Characterization of Pasteurella multocida isolated from dead rabbits with respiratory disease in Fujian, China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinxiang Wang ◽  
Lei Sang ◽  
Shikun Sun ◽  
Yanfeng Chen ◽  
Dongjin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Pcr Screening ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sequence Types

Abstract Background: Pasteurella multocida is one of the important pathogens that infect rabbits, causing major economic losses in commercial rabbit farming. In this study, 205 P. multocida isolates recovered from lungs of dead rabbits with respiratory disease were defined by capsular serogroups, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) genotypes and multi-locus sequence types, screened virulence factors and antimicrobial susceptibility. Results: The 205 isolates were assigned into 2 capsular types, A and D, and 2 LPS genotypes, L3 and L6. When combining capsular types with LPS genotypes, 4 serotypes were detected. A:L3 (51.22%, 105/205) was the most predominant serotype, followed by A:L6 (24.88%, 51/205), D:L6 (19.02%, 39/205) and D:L3 (4.88%, 10/205). The 205 isolates were grouped into 3 sequence types, ST10, ST11 and ST12. ST12 (56.10%, 115/205) was the most prevalent sequence type, followed by ST10 (24.88%, 51/205) and ST11 (19.02%, 39/205). In the 205 isolates, virulence associated genes ptfA , fur , hgbB , ompA , ompH and oma87 were positive in the PCR screening, whereas the toxA and tbpA genes were negative. Notably, the 156 capsular serogroup A isolates carried the pmHAS gene. All the 205 isolates were susceptible to most of the used antibiotics, except for streptomycin, gentamycin, kanamycin and ceftriaxone, and the resistance rates of which were 27.80%, 15.61%, 9.27% and 2.44%, respectively. Conclusions: This study, for the first time, described the prevalence and characteristics of P. multocida causing respiratory disease in rabbits in Fujian Province, which might be useful for tracking the epidemic strains and development of efficient vaccines and methods to prevent and control the pathogen.

scholarly journals Prevalence and molecular characterization of some circulating strains of the peste-des-petits-ruminants virus in Saudi Arabia between 2014–2016

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9035
Author(s):  
Maged Gomaa Hemida ◽  
Hussain Mohammed Alghadeer ◽  
Mohammed Alhammadi ◽  
Sayed Ali
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Peste Des Petits Ruminants ◽  
Vero Cell Line ◽  
The World ◽  
Eradication Campaign ◽  
Global Eradication ◽  
Tissue Specimens ◽  
Lineage Iv

Background The peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (PPRV) is a highly devastating virus of small ruminants in many parts of the world, including the Kingdome of Saudi Arabia. Therefore, our objectives were (1) to conduct a molecular prevalence study of PPRV in sheep and goat across the KSA and (2) to isolate and identify currently circulating PPRV lineages. Swabs and tissue specimens were collected from 97 herds suspected to be infected with PPRV across the Kingdome of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Testing for the presence of the virus was done by the real-time PCR. Confirmation of the identity of the reactions was done by the gel-based-PCR then by sequencing of the partial PPRV genome. Results Our results revealed that 24.1% of the tested specimens were PPRV-positive. Isolation of PPRV was successful from samples using the Vero cell line. Sequence analysis of some partial PPRV genes (N, F, M, L, P, and H) revealed that these strains were belonging to lineage IV of the PPRV. Conclusions This is the first study to conduct both the nationwide prevalence, isolation, and molecular characterizations of the PPRV in the KSA. Continuous surveillance and monitoring of the circulating strains of PPRV among sheep and goats will contribute substantially to the global eradication campaign of such a virus.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and molecular characterization of re-emerged virulent strains of Peste des Petits Ruminants virus among sheep in Kassala State, Eastern Sudan

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima A. Saeed ◽  
Mohammed M.Gumaa ◽  
Sana A.Abdelaziz ◽  
Khalid A. Enan ◽  
Selma K. Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Partial Sequence ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Peste Des Petits Ruminants ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Lineage Iv ◽  
Eastern Sudan

Abstract Background Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a severe contagious viral disease, which mainly affects small ruminants. PPR is caused by a Morbillivirus that belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae. In this study 12 suspected PPR outbreaks among sheep and goats were investigated in four localities in Kassala State, Eastern Sudan, during 2015—2017. The causative agent was confirmed by a Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (sELISA), and a Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) targeting a partial sequence of nucleocapsid protein gene (N- gene) and a partial sequence of fusion protein gene (F- gene). Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were carried out on six N- gene based RT-PCR products selected from two outbreaks occurred on border and inner localities of Kassala State to determine the circulating lineages of PPRV strains. Identity percentages were determined between isolates in this study and previous Sudanese, and other (African and Asian) isolates which clustered along with them. Results Out of 30 samples, 22 (73.3%) were positive using sandwich ELISA. From 22 s ELISA positive samples, 17 (77.3%) were positive by Ngene based RT-PCR and only 7(43.8%) out of 16 positive samples by N gene based RT-PCR were positive using Fgene based RT-PCR. The sequencing and phylogenetic analysis confirmed involvement of the lineage IV of PPRV in outbreaks among small ruminants in Kassala State and high identity percentage between our isolates and previous Sudanese and other (African and Asian) isolates. Conclusions The present study demonstrates that genetic relationship between PPRV strains circulating in sheep in Kassala State, Eastern Sudan, and PPRV strains characterized as lineage IV in neighboring African countries such as Eretria,Ethiopia, Egypt, and other Asian countries

scholarly journals Characterization of Pasteurella multocida isolated from dead rabbits with respiratory disease in Fujian, China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinxiang Wang ◽  
Lei Sang ◽  
Shikun Sun ◽  
Yanfeng Chen ◽  
Dongjin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Pcr Screening ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sequence Types

Abstract Background: Pasteurella multocida is one of the important pathogens that infect rabbits, causing major economic losses in commercial rabbit farming. In this study, 205 P. multocida isolates recovered from lungs of dead rabbits with respiratory disease were defined by capsular serogroups, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) genotypes, multi-locus sequence types and screened virulence factors by using PCR assays, and tested antimicrobial susceptibility. Results: The 205 isolates were assigned into 2 capsular types, A and D, and 2 LPS genotypes, L3 and L6. When combining capsular types with LPS genotypes, 4 serotypes were detected. A:L3 (51.22%, 105/205) was the most predominant serotype, followed by A:L6 (24.88%, 51/205), D:L6 (19.02%, 39/205) and D:L3 (4.88%, 10/205). The 205 isolates were grouped into 3 sequence types, ST10, ST11 and ST12. ST12 (56.10%, 115/205) was the most prevalent sequence type, followed by ST10 (24.88%, 51/205) and ST11 (19.02%, 39/205). In the 205 isolates, virulence associated genes ptfA, fur, hgbB, ompA, ompH and oma87 were positive in the PCR screening, whereas the toxA and tbpA genes were negative. Notably, the 156 capsular serogroup A isolates carried the pmHAS gene. All the 205 isolates were susceptible to most of the used antibiotics, except for streptomycin, gentamycin, kanamycin and ceftriaxone, and the resistance rates of which were 27.80%, 15.61%, 9.27% and 2.44%, respectively. Conclusions: This study, for the first time, described the prevalence and characteristics of P. multocida causing respiratory disease in rabbits in Fujian Province, which might be useful for tracking the epidemic strains and development of efficient vaccines and methods to prevent and control the pathogen.

scholarly journals Characterization of Pasteurella multocida isolated from dead rabbits with respiratory disease in Fujian, China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinxiang Wang ◽  
Lei Sang ◽  
Shikun Sun ◽  
Yanfeng Chen ◽  
Dongjin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sequence Types

Abstract Background Pasteurella multocida is one of the important pathogens infects rabbits, causing major economic losses in commercial rabbit farming. In this study, 205 P. multocida isolates recovered from lungs of dead rabbits with respiratory disease were defined capsular serogroups, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) genotypes and multi-locus sequence types, screened virulence factors, and tested antimicrobial susceptibility. Results The 205 isolates were assigned into 2 capsular types, A and D, and 2 LPS genotypes, L3 and L6. When combining capsular types with LPS genotypes, 4 serotypes were detected. A:L3 (51.22%, 105/205) was the most predominant serotype, followed by A:L6 (24.88%, 51/205), D:L6 (19.02%, 39/205), and D:L3 (4.88%, 10/205). The 205 isolates were grouped into 3 sequence types, ST10, ST11 and ST12. ST12 (56.10%, 115/205) was the most prevalent sequence type, followed by ST10 (24.88%, 51/205) and ST11 (19.02%, 39/205). In the 205 isolates, the virulence genes of ptfA, fur, hgbB, ompA, ompH and oma87 were positive, whereas the toxA and tbpA genes were negative. Notably, the 156 capsular serogroup A isolates carried pmHAS gene. All the 205 isolates were susceptible to most of the used antibiotics, except for streptomycin, gentamycin, kanamycin and ceftriaxone, and the resistance rates of which were 27.80%, 15.61%, 9.27% and 2.44%, respectively. Conclusions This study, for the first time, described the prevalence and characteristics of P. multocida causing respiratory disease in rabbits in Fujian Province, which might be useful for tracking the epidemic strains and development of efficient vaccines and methods to prevent and control the pathogen.

scholarly journals Molecular analysis of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus from outbreak in Turkey during 2010-2012

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 1617
Author(s):  
A. SAIT ◽  
S.B. DAGALP
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Partial Sequence ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Peste Des Petits Ruminants ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nucleotide Level ◽  
F Gene ◽  
Pcr Targeting ◽  
Lineage Iv

The aim of the study is to determine the epizootiology of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in Turkey during 2010-2012, using molecular genotyping. Samples of blood (n=193), swab (n=7) and tissue (n=374) were collected from sheep (n=473) and goats (n=101) suspected of having PPRV infection from an outbreak in 50 provinces of Turkey during 2010–2012. These samples (n=574) were tested using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) targeting selected parts of the fusion (F) and the nucleocapsid (N) genes. Positivity ratios were 35.5%, 39.3%, and 44.4% with regards to RT-PCR targeting the F and the N genes, and RT-Qpcr targeting the latter gene (N), respectively. The overall positivity rate was 45.8%. For sequence analyses, F-gene (n=53) and N-gene (n=60) positive samples representing different provinces were selected. After phylogenetic analysis, the circulating PPRV was located in lineage IV according to two gene regions. The F-gene partial sequence analysis at the nucleotide level showed 98.2-100% resemblence among 53 for F-gene, and 97.9-98.9% and 91.3-92.4% to Turkey2000 and Nigeria75/1 sequences, respectively. The N-gene partial sequence analysis at the nucleotide level showed 94.2-100% resemblence among 60 for N-gene, and 94.2-98.3% and 89.3-90.9% to Turkey2000 and Nigeria75/1 sequences, respectively. The result of this study indicates that PPRV infection is enzootic in Turkey, and belongs to the lineage IV, which is present in three haplogroup. The phylogenic analysis indicates the spread of the virus is associated with unauthorized movement of stock.

scholarly journals Factors contributing to the introduction and spread of Peste des Petits ruminants virus in the Republic of Chad

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 093-096
Author(s):  
Bidjeh Kebkiba ◽  
Adam Hassan Yacoub
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Peste Des Petits Ruminants ◽  
Global Action ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Considerable Morbidity ◽  
The Moment ◽  
First Time

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an infectious, contagious and inoculable disease. It is widely distributed in Africa, the Middle East and Asia. It was described for the first time in Côte d'Ivoire by Gargadennec and Lalanne in 1942. This pathology, similar to rinderpest at the clinical and antigenic level, reveals a capital and growing importance and constitutes a brake on the development of the breeding of small ruminants because the economic losses are considerable (morbidity is 100% and mortality 90%). The pathogen is a virus belonging to the genus Morbillivirus, the family Paramyxoviridae. This widespread and devastating disease of small ruminants causes very significant losses to the economy, food security and the livelihoods of pastoralists. Globally, it is one of the priority diseases indicated in the five-year of global action plan of the FAO-OIE Global Framework for the Progressive Control of Transboundary Diseases (GF-TADs). The Republic of Chad, like other countries has joined this line with an ambition of its eradication by 2025. The existence of PPR in Chad has been demonstrated for a long time, but no data exists for the moment on the factors of its introduction and spread in the country. This article describes the main factors behind its introduction and spread in the country.

scholarly journals Characterization of Pasteurella multocida isolated from dead rabbits with respiratory disease in Fujian, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinxiang Wang ◽  
Lei Sang ◽  
Shikun Sun ◽  
Yanfeng Chen ◽  
Dongjin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Pcr Screening ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sequence Types

Abstract Background Pasteurella multocida is one of the important pathogens that infect rabbits, causing major economic losses in commercial rabbit farming. In this study, 205 P. multocida isolates recovered from lungs of dead rabbits with respiratory disease were defined by capsular serogroups, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) genotypes, multi-locus sequence types and screened virulence factors by using PCR assays, and tested antimicrobial susceptibility. Results The 205 isolates were assigned into 2 capsular types, A and D, and 2 LPS genotypes, L3 and L6. When combining capsular types with LPS genotypes, 4 serotypes were detected. A:L3 (51.22%, 105/205) was the most predominant serotype, followed by A:L6 (24.88%, 51/205), D:L6 (19.02%, 39/205) and D:L3 (4.88%, 10/205). The 205 isolates were grouped into 3 sequence types, ST10, ST11 and ST12. ST12 (56.10%, 115/205) was the most prevalent sequence type, followed by ST10 (24.88%, 51/205) and ST11 (19.02%, 39/205). In the 205 isolates, virulence associated genes ptfA, fur, hgbB, ompA, ompH and oma87 were positive in the PCR screening, whereas the toxA and tbpA genes were negative. Notably, the 156 capsular serogroup A isolates carried the pmHAS gene. All the 205 isolates were susceptible to most of the used antibiotics, except for streptomycin, gentamycin, kanamycin and ceftriaxone, and the resistance rates of which were 27.80, 15.61, 9.27 and 2.44%, respectively. Conclusions This study, for the first time, described the prevalence and characteristics of P. multocida causing respiratory disease in rabbits in Fujian Province, which might be useful for tracking the epidemic strains and development of efficient vaccines and methods to prevent and control the pathogen.

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