scholarly journals Phytochemicals and Medicinal Properties of Indigenous Tropical Fruits with Potential for Commercial Development

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hock Eng Khoo ◽  
Azrina Azlan ◽  
Kin Weng Kong ◽  
Amin Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Tropical Fruits ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Hundreds of fruit-bearing trees are native to Southeast Asia, but many of them are considered as indigenous or underutilized. These species can be categorized as indigenous tropical fruits with potential for commercial development and those possible for commercial development. Many of these fruits are considered as underutilized unless the commercialization is being realized despite the fact that they have the developmental potential. This review discusses seven indigenous tropical fruits from 15 species that have been identified, in which their fruits are having potential for commercial development. As they are not as popular as the commercially available fruits, limited information is found. This paper is the first initiative to provide information on the phytochemicals and potential medicinal uses of these fruits. Phytochemicals detected in these fruits are mainly the phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and other terpenoids. Most of these phytochemicals are potent antioxidants and have corresponded to the free radical scavenging activities and other biological activities of the fruits. The scientific research that covered a broad range ofin vitrotoin vivostudies on the medicinal potentials of these fruits is also discussed in detail. The current review is an update for researchers to have a better understanding of the species, which simultaneously can provide awareness to enhance their commercial value and promote their utilization for better biodiversity conservation.

Nanostructured Ethosomal Gel Loaded with Arctostaphylos uva-ursi extract; In-vitro/In-vivo Evaluation as a Cosmeceutical Product

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayla Javed ◽  
Shakeel Ijaz ◽  
Naveed Akhtar ◽  
Haji Muhammad Shoaib Khan
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Skin Permeation ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Skin Rejuvenation ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation

Background: Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (AUU) being rich in polyphenols and arbutin is known to have promising biological activities and can be a potential candidate as a cosmaceutical. Ethosomes encourage the formation of lamellar-shaped vesicles with improved solubility and entrapment of many drugs including plant extracts. Objective: The objective of this work was to develop an optimized nanostructured ethosomal gel formulation loaded with AUU extract and evaluated for skin rejuvenation and depigmentation. Methods: AUU extract was tested for phenolic and flavonoid content, radical scavenging potential, reducing power activity, and in-vitro SPF (sun protection factor) estimation. AUU loaded 12 formulations were prepared and characterized by SEM (scanning electron microscopy), vesicular size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency (%EE). The optimized formulation was subjected to non-invasive in-vivo investigations after incorporating it into the gel system and ensuring its stability and skin permeation. Results: Ethosomal vesicles were spherical in shape and Zeta size, zeta potential, PDI (polydispersity index), % EE and in-vitro skin permeation of optimized formulation (F3) were found to be 114.7nm, -18.9mV, 0.492, 97.51±0.023%, and 79.88±0.013% respectively. AUU loaded ethosomal gel formulation was stable physicochemically and exhibited non-Newtonian behavior rheologically. Moreover, it significantly reduced skin erythema, melanin as well as sebum level and improved skin hydration and elasticity. Conclusion: A stable AUU based ethosomal gel formulation could be a better vehicle for phytoextracts than conventional formulations for cosmeceutical applications such as for skin rejuvenation and depigmentation etc.

scholarly journals Determination of in Vivo Biological Activities of Dodonaea Viscosa Flowers Against CCL4 Toxicity in Albino Mice With Bioactive Compound Detection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hina Gul ◽  
Muhammad Awais ◽  
Salina Saddick ◽  
Falak Sher Khan ◽  
Muhammad Gulfraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Dodonaea Viscosa

Abstract Dodonaea viscosa L. Jacq. is an evergreen shrub and native to Asia, Africa and Australia. It has been used as traditional medicine in different countries. The foremost objective of the current study was to discover protective potential of D. Viscosa flowers Methanol (DVM) and Chloroform (DVC) extracts against CCL4 induced toxicity in mice. This study was intended to identify phytochemicals through HPLC, GCMS and FT-IR as well as in vitro antioxidant and in vitro antituberculosis activity. Our comprehensive findings indicate that Dodonaea viscosa is valuable and widespread herbal medicines through therapeutic potentials for curing various ailments. Dodonaea viscosa flowers are found to have protective effect against oxidative stress produced by CCL4 in liver, kidney and spleen. The level of hepatic enzymes (ALP, AST ALT and Direct bilirubin), hematological parameters (RBCs, WBCs and Platelets), total protein and liver antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx and CAT) were restored by the intake of DV extracts after decline in levels by CCL4. Histopathological results discovered the defensive effect of 300mg/kg of DVM extract against CCL4 induced damage, thus having improved protective effect as compared to DVC and control. As a result of analysis total flavonoids and total phenolics were also revealed. Phytochemical investigation by HPLC identified gallic acid, epicatechin, cumeric acid, flavonoids while Oleic acid (Octadecenoic acid) (C18H34O2), Stearic acid (C18H36O2), Ricinoleic acid (C18H34O3) and Cedrol (C15H26O) was estimated by GCMS. DVM extract exhibited resistance against in vitro Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. This study proposed that protective effect of DV against oxidative damage induced in Liver, Kidney and Spleen can possibly be correlated to their antioxidant as well as free radical scavenging property.

scholarly journals Baru Pulp (Dipteryx alata Vogel): Fruit from the Brazilian Savanna Protects against Oxidative Stress and Increases the Life Expectancy of Caenorhabditis elegans via SOD-3 and DAF-16

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1106
Author(s):  
Natasha Rios Leite ◽  
Laura Costa Alves de Araújo ◽  
Paola dos Santos da Rocha ◽  
Danielle Araujo Agarrayua ◽  
Daiana Silva Ávila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Brazilian Savanna ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Dipteryx Alata

Fruits are sources of bioactive compounds that are responsible for several biological activities. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the chemical composition of the pulp of the Brazilian Savanna fruit Dipteryx alata; evaluate its toxic effects, influence on the life expectancy of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, and its antioxidant activities in vitro and in vivo; and describe the mechanisms involved. The chemical compounds identified include phenols, terpenes, fatty acid derivatives, vitamins, and a carboxylic acid. The in vitro antioxidant activity was demonstrated by radical scavenging methods. in vivo, the D. alata fruit pulp was not toxic and promoted resistance to oxidative stress in nematodes exposed to a chemical oxidizing agent. Furthermore, it promoted an increased life expectancy in wild-type nematodes and increased the expression of superoxide dismutase and the nuclear translocation of DAF-16. These results suggest that the beneficial effects identified are related to these two genes, which are involved in the regulation of metabolic activities, the control of oxidative stress, and the lifespan of C. elegans. These beneficial effects, which may be related to its chemical constituents, demonstrate its potential use as a functional and/or nutraceutical food.

scholarly journals Citrus limon from Tunisia: Phytochemical and Physicochemical Properties and Biological Activities

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Makni ◽  
Raoua Jemai ◽  
Walid Kriaa ◽  
Yassine Chtourou ◽  
Hamadi Fetoui
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Strand Breakage ◽  
Antibacterial And Antioxidant Activity

Natural plant extracts contain a variety of phenolic compounds which are assigned various biological activities. Our work aims to make a quantitative and qualitative characterization of the Zest (ZL) and the Flesh (FL) of lemon (Citrus limon), to valorize the pharmacological uses of lemon, by evaluating in vitro activities (DPPH, free radical scavenging and reducing power). The antibacterial, antifungal, and antiproliferative activities were sought in the ability of Citrus limon extracts to protect DNA and protein. We found that the ZL contains high amounts of phenolics responsible for the important antioxidant properties of the extract. However, the FL is richer in flavonoids than the ZL. The FL extract was also found to be more effective than the ZL in protecting plasmid DNA against the strand breakage induced by hydroxyl radicals. We also concluded that the FL extract exhibited potent antibacterial activity unlike ZL. Analysis by LC/MS-MS identified 6 compounds (Caffeoyl N-Tryptophan, Hydroxycinnamoyl-Oglucoside acid, Vicenin 2, Eriocitrin, Kaempferol-3-O- rutinoside, and Quercetin-3-rutinoside). These preliminary results showed that Citrus limon has antibacterial and antioxidant activity in vitro. It would be interesting to conduct further studies to evaluate the in vivo potential in an animal model.

scholarly journals Lamium Plants—A Comprehensive Review on Health Benefits and Biological Activities

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahare Salehi ◽  
Lorene Armstrong ◽  
Antonio Rescigno ◽  
Balakyz Yeskaliyeva ◽  
Gulnaz Seitimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Therapy ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Cytoprotective Activity

This work is an updated snapshot of Lamium plants and their biological activities. The main features of the plant are described and the components of its essential oils are summarized. The traditional medicinal uses of Lamium plants has been reported. The presence of these chemicals i.e., hydroxycinnamic acids, iridoids, secoiridoids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenylpropanoids, phytoecdysteroids, benzoxazinoids, betaine can provide biological activities. After the discussion of antioxidant properties documented for Lamium plants, the biological activities, studied using in vitro models, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive activity, and pain therapy and cytotoxicity and cytoprotective activity are here described and discussed. Finally, targeted examples of in vivo studies are reported.

scholarly journals The phytochemistry and biological aspects of Caryocaraceae family

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ascari ◽  
J.A. Takahashi ◽  
M.A.D. Boaventura
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Oil Source ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The Caryocaraceae family is constituted of 25 species distributed in two genera (Caryocar and Anthodiscus). Plants of this family have been used in several phytochemical studies for isolation and characterization of chemical compounds. Some of these studies evaluated in vitro and in vivo biological activities of extracts and pure substances isolated from plants of this family. Nine species of Anthodiscus genus have been described, while no phytochemical study related to them has been reported. On the other hand, Caryocar genus presents 16 species with several medicinal uses like for the treatment of colds and bronchitis, in the prevention of tumours, as a regulating agent of the menstrual flow, to treat ophthalmological problems and for the cure of hematomas and bruises. Some species of this genus were targeted by phytochemical studies and presented, in their composition, the following classes of secondary metabolites: triterpenes, fatty acids, tannins, carotenoids, triterpenic saponins, phenolic coumarins, phenolic glycosides, and others. The fruits of Caryocar species are very nutritive, containing in their composition fibers, proteins, carbohydrates and minerals. Seeds have been widely used as oil source with nutritional and cosmetic value. The biological evaluation of some species was carried out by using relevant biological assays such as: antioxidant, allelopathic and antifungal activities against Biomphalaria glabrata and toxicity on Artemia salina.

scholarly journals Review of Medicinal uses, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities of Antidesma laciniatum and A. membranaceum -

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 257-263
Author(s):  
Alfred Maroyi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Cytotoxicity Activities ◽  
The University

Antidesma laciniatum and A. membranaceum are small trees used as traditional medicines in tropical Africa. This extensive literature review synthesizes the information currently available on the medicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of A. laciniatum and A. membranaceum. The university library and electronic search engines such as Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and PubMed were searched for pertinent information on the medicinal uses, phytochemistry, and biological activities of A. laciniatum and A. membranaceum. Traditionally, the species have been used as aphrodisiac, and traditional medicine for cough, kwashiorkor, mouth ulcers, pneumonia, prevent miscarriage, snakebites, stomachache and wounds. Various phytochemicals such as essential oils, isoflavonoid glycosides, phytosterols, benzopyranones, lignin glucosides, megastigmane, phenolics, steroids, squalene, terpenoids, triterpenoids, and tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids have been isolated from A. laciniatum and A. membranaceum. In vitro studies have confirmed the biological activities of A. laciniatum and A. membranaceum which, include antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, antitrypanosomal, leishmanicidal, molluscicidal and cytotoxicity activities. More pharmacological studies including phytochemical, toxicological, in vitro and in vivo experiments are needed to provide evidence for the clinical effectiveness of remedies prepared from the species.

scholarly journals Strategies to Improve Resveratrol Systemic and Topical Bioavailability: An Update

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastiano Intagliata ◽  
Maria N. Modica ◽  
Ludovica M. Santagati ◽  
Lucia Montenegro
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Topical Administration ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activities

In recent years, a great deal of attention has been paid to natural compounds due to their many biological effects. Polyphenols are a class of plant derivatives that have been widely investigated for preventing and treating many oxidative stress-related pathological conditions, such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes mellitus and inflammation. Among these polyphenols, resveratrol (RSV) has attracted considerable interest owing to its high antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. However, the poor water solubility and rapid metabolism of RSV lead to low bioavailability, thus limiting its clinical efficacy. After discussing the main biochemical mechanisms involved in RSV biological activities, this review will focus on the strategies attempted to improve RSV effectiveness, both for systemic and for topical administration. In particular, technological approaches involving RSV incorporation into different delivery systems such as liposomes, polymeric and lipid nanoparticles, microemulsions and cyclodextrins will be illustrated, highlighting their potential clinical applications. In addition, chemical modifications of this antioxidant aimed at improving its physicochemical properties will be described along with the results of in vitro and in vivo studies.

scholarly journals Biological activities of limonoids in the Genus Khaya (Meliaceae): a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomi Lois Olatunji ◽  
Christiana Adeyinka Odebunmi ◽  
Ademola Emmanuel Adetunji
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Interest In Science ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Therapeutic Molecules ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Plant Families

Abstract Background Limonoids are a class of highly oxygenated modified triterpenoids with a diverse range of biological activities. Although with restricted occurrence in the plant kingdom, these compounds are found extensively in the Meliaceae and Rutaceae families. Limonoids are of great interest in science given that the small number of plant families where they occur exhibit a broad range of medicinal properties that promote health and prevent disease. Main text The Meliaceae family includes the genus Khaya and comprises tree species that have been used in traditional medicine to treat several ailments. In recent years, the genus Khaya has attracted much research interest owing to the presence of limonoids in different plant parts of a few species that can serve as therapeutic molecules in the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, a literature search over the past two decades (2000–2020) was conducted on the biological activities of limonoids in the genus Khaya using different databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and ISI Web of Science. The taxonomy, geographical distribution and the various traditional uses of the genus are presented in detail. This study reveals that the currently documented biological activities of limonoids both in vivo and in vitro are limited to four species (K. anthotheca, K. grandifoliola, K. ivorensis and K. senegalensis) in the genus Khaya, and include anticancer, antimalarial, hepatoprotection, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection, antimicrobial, antifungal and antifeedant. The most well-researched species, K. senegalensis, has the most notable biological activities and traditional uses in the genus Khaya. Conclusion The present detailed and up-to-date review of recent literature on the biological activities in the genus Khaya reveals the potentials of limonoids for drug development in managing several ailments.

scholarly journals Therapeutic potentials of n-hexane extracts of the three medicinal mushrooms regarding their anti-colon cancer, antioxidant, and hypocholesterolemic capabilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghoson Daba ◽  
Waill Elkhateeb ◽  
Asmaa Negm ELDien ◽  
Eman Fadl ◽  
Ali Elhagrasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Human Colon Cancer ◽  
Medicinal Mushrooms ◽  
Hexane Extracts

Abstract. Daba GM, Elkhateeb WA, El-Dien AN, Ahmed EF, El Hagrassi AM Fayad W, Wen TC. 2020. Therapeutic potentials of n-hexane extracts of the three medicinal mushrooms regarding their anti-colon cancer, antioxidant, and hypocholesterolemic capabilities. Biodiversitas 21: 2437-2445. Evaluating in vitro biological activities of the medicinal mushrooms Hericium erinaceus, Metacordyceps neogunnii, and Dictyophora indusiata n-hexane extracts revealed their capabilities as promising therapeutic sources. By assessing their DPPH radical scavenging activities, D. indusiata extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (87.8±1.2%) followed by H. erinaceus, then M. neogunnii 84.9±1.6%, and 77.3±1.3%, respectively. On the other hand, M. neogunnii extract exerted promising anti-colon cancer (68.6±3.6% cytotoxicity) against HCT116 human colon cancer cell lines at concentration 100 μg/mL, whereas H. erinaceus and D. indusiata extracts exhibited weaker cytotoxic effects (18.3±1.7%, and 19.3±3.2%, respectively) using the same concentration. Investigating cholesterol reduction activities (CRA%) of the extracts revealed that activity depends on both extract concentration and incubation period. After 96 h of incubation at room temperature, all extracts exerted potent in vitro hypocholesterolemic activities (100±0% reduction in cholesterol concentration). Performing GC-Ms analyses on the extracts revealed presence of 22 compounds in D. indusiata extract, while 29 compounds were detected in M. neogunnii extract, and 33 in H. erinaceus extract. Most of compounds were esters of fatty acids. Results in this study encourage using these mushrooms as functional foods, and highlight the need for conducting further in vivo studies to support their use in pharmaceutical industry.

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