scholarly journals The Engrailed-1 Gene Stimulates Brown Adipogenesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanhai Zhang ◽  
Yibing Weng ◽  
Fangxiong Shi ◽  
Wanzhu Jin
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Brown Adipocyte ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Positive Regulator ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Brown Adipogenesis

As a thermogenic organ, brown adipose tissue (BAT) has received a great attention in treating obesity and related diseases. It has been reported that brown adipocyte was derived from engrailed-1 (EN1) positive central dermomyotome. However, functions of EN1 in brown adipogenesis are largely unknown. Here we demonstrated that EN1 overexpression increased while EN1 knockdown decreased lipid accumulation and the expressions of key adipogenic genes including PPARγ2 and C/EBPαand mitochondrial OXPHOS as well as BAT specific marker UCP1. Taken together, our findings clearly indicate that EN1 is a positive regulator of brown adipogenesis.

Pref-1 in brown adipose tissue: specific involvement in brown adipocyte differentiation and regulatory role of C/EBPδ

2012 ◽  
Vol 443 (3) ◽  
pp. 799-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Armengol ◽  
Josep A. Villena ◽  
Elayne Hondares ◽  
María C. Carmona ◽  
Hei Sook Sul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Proximal Promoter ◽  
Brown Adipocyte ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Factor C

Pref-1 (pre-adipocyte factor-1) is known to play a central role in regulating white adipocyte differentiation, but the role of Pref-1 in BAT (brown adipose tissue) has not been analysed. In the present study we found that Pref-1 expression is high in fetal BAT and declines progressively after birth. However, Pref-1-null mice showed unaltered fetal development of BAT, but exhibited signs of over-activation of BAT thermogenesis in the post-natal period. In C/EBP (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein) α-null mice, a rodent model of impaired fetal BAT differentiation, Pref-1 was dramatically overexpressed, in association with reduced expression of the Ucp1 (uncoupling protein 1) gene, a BAT-specific marker of thermogenic differentiation. In brown adipocyte cell culture models, Pref-1 was mostly expressed in pre-adipocytes and declined with brown adipocyte differentiation. The transcription factor C/EBPδ activated the Pref-1 gene transcription in brown adipocytes, through binding to the proximal promoter region. Accordingly, siRNA (small interfering RNA)-induced C/EBPδ knockdown led to reduced Pref-1 gene expression. This effect is consistent with the observed overexpression of C/EBPδ in C/EBPα-null BAT and high expression of C/EBPδ in brown pre-adipocytes. Dexamethasone treatment of brown pre-adipocytes suppressed Pref-1 down-regulation occurring throughout the brown adipocyte differentiation process, increased the expression of C/EBPδ and strongly impaired expression of the thermogenic markers UCP1 and PGC-1α [PPARγ (peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor γ) co-activator-α]. However, it did not alter normal fat accumulation or expression of non-BAT-specific genes. Collectively, these results specifically implicate Pref-1 in controlling the thermogenic gene expression program in BAT, and identify C/EBPδ as a novel transcriptional regulator of Pref-1 gene expression that may be related to the specific role of glucocorticoids in BAT differentiation.

scholarly journals Effects of Wnt Signaling on Brown Adipocyte Differentiation and Metabolism Mediated by PGC-1α

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 1272-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sona Kang ◽  
Laszlo Bajnok ◽  
Kenneth A. Longo ◽  
Rasmus K. Petersen ◽  
Jacob B. Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Brown Adipocyte ◽  
Canonical Wnt Signaling ◽  
Brown Adipocytes ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Canonical Wnt ◽  
Brown Adipogenesis

ABSTRACT Activation of canonical Wnt signaling inhibits brown adipogenesis of cultured cells by impeding induction of PPARγ and C/EBPα. Although enforced expression of these adipogenic transcription factors restores lipid accumulation and expression of FABP4 in Wnt-expressing cells, additional expression of PGC-1α is required for activation of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Wnt10b blocks brown adipose tissue development and expression of UCP1 when expressed from the fatty acid binding protein 4 promoter, even when mice are administered a β3-agonist. In differentiated brown adipocytes, activation of Wnt signaling suppresses expression of UCP1 through repression of PGC-1α. Consistent with these in vitro observations, UCP1-Wnt10b transgenic mice, which express Wnt10b in interscapular tissue, lack functional brown adipose tissue. While interscapular tissue of UCP1-Wnt10b mice lacks expression of PGC-1α and UCP1, the presence of unilocular lipid droplets and expression of white adipocyte genes suggest conversion of brown adipose tissue to white. Reciprocal expression of Wnt10b with UCP1 and PGC-1α in interscapular tissue from cold-challenged or genetically obese mice provides further evidence for regulation of brown adipocyte metabolism by Wnt signaling. Taken together, these data suggest that activation of canonical Wnt signaling early in differentiation blocks brown adipogenesis, whereas activating Wnt signaling in mature brown adipocytes stimulates their conversion to white adipocytes.

KCTD10 regulates brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and metabolic function via Notch Signaling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingsheng Ye ◽  
Liping Luo ◽  
Qi Guo ◽  
Guanghua Lei ◽  
Chao Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Notch Signaling ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Notch Signaling Pathway ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Brown Adipocyte ◽  
Metabolic Function ◽  
Brown Adipose

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is emerging as a target to beat obesity through the dissipation of chemical energy to heat. However, the molecular mechanisms of brown adipocyte thermogenesis remain to be further elucidated. Here, we show that KCTD10, a member of the polymerase delta-interacting protein 1 (PDIP1) family, was reduced in BAT by cold stress and a β3 adrenoceptor agonist. Moreover, KCTD10 level increased in the BAT of obese mice, and KCTD10 overexpression attenuates uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression in primary brown adipocytes. BAT-specific KCTD10 knockdown mice had increased thermogenesis and cold tolerance protecting from high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Conversely, overexpression of KCTD10 in BAT caused reduced thermogenesis, cold intolerance, and obesity. Mechanistically, inhibiting Notch signaling restored the KCTD10 overexpression suppressed thermogenesis. Our study presents that KCTD10 serves as an upstream regulator of notch signaling pathway to regulate BAT thermogenesis and whole-body metabolic function.

scholarly journals GPR120 controls neonatal brown adipose tissue thermogenic induction

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (5) ◽  
pp. E742-E750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Quesada-López ◽  
Aleix Gavaldà-Navarro ◽  
Samantha Morón-Ros ◽  
Laura Campderrós ◽  
Roser Iglesias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Brown Adipocyte ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Adaptive Thermogenesis ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Adaptive induction of thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) is essential for the survival of mammals after birth. We show here that G protein-coupled receptor protein 120 (GPR120) expression is dramatically induced after birth in mouse BAT. GPR120 expression in neonatal BAT is the highest among GPR120-expressing tissues in the mouse at any developmental stage tested. The induction of GPR120 in neonatal BAT is caused by postnatal thermal stress rather than by the initiation of suckling. GPR120-null neonates were found to be relatively intolerant to cold: close to one-third did not survive at 21°C, but all such pups survived at 25°C. Heat production in BAT was significantly impaired in GPR120-null pups. Deficiency in GPR120 did not modify brown adipocyte morphology or the anatomical architecture of BAT, as assessed by electron microscopy, but instead impaired the expression of uncoupling protein-1 and the fatty acid oxidation capacity of neonatal BAT. Moreover, GPR120 deficiency impaired fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) gene expression in BAT and reduced plasma FGF21 levels. These results indicate that GPR120 is essential for neonatal adaptive thermogenesis.

Control of brown adipose tissue lipolysis and respiration by adenosine

1983 ◽  
Vol 245 (6) ◽  
pp. E555-E559 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Szillat ◽  
L. J. Bukowiecki
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipocyte ◽  
Tissue Respiration ◽  
Dibutyryl Cyclic Amp ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Stimulation Of

Adenosine competitively inhibited the stimulatory effects of (-)-isoproterenol on lipolysis and respiration in hamster brown adipocytes. The low value of the apparent ki for respiratory inhibition by adenosine (7 nM) indicated that the nucleoside may control brown adipocyte function under physiological concentrations. Significantly, the dose-response curves for isoproterenol stimulation of lipolysis and respiration were both shifted by adenosine to higher agonist concentrations by the same order of magnitude, providing additional evidence for a tight coupling between lipolysis and respiration. The inhibitory effects of adenosine were rapidly reversed by a) adenosine deaminase, b) agents known to increase intracellular cyclic AMP levels (isoproterenol, isobutylmethylxanthine, dibutyryl cyclic AMP), and c) direct stimulation of respiration with palmitic acid. These results, combined with the fact that adenosine failed to affect respiration evoked either by dibutyryl cyclic AMP or by palmitic acid, strongly indicate that adenosine regulates brown adipose tissue respiration at an early metabolic step of the stimulus-thermogenesis sequence, most probably at the level of the adenylate cyclase complex.

scholarly journals Brown adipose tissue whitening leads to brown adipocyte death and adipose tissue inflammation

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 784-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Kotzbeck ◽  
Antonio Giordano ◽  
Eleonora Mondini ◽  
Incoronata Murano ◽  
Ilenia Severi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipocyte ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Brown Adipose

scholarly journals Angiotensin 1–7 stimulates brown adipose tissue and reduces diet-induced obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 314 (2) ◽  
pp. E131-E138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidechika Morimoto ◽  
Jun Mori ◽  
Hisakazu Nakajima ◽  
Yasuhiro Kawabe ◽  
Yusuke Tsuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Brown Adipocyte ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Brown Adipose

The renin-angiotensin system is a key regulator of metabolism with beneficial effects of the angiotensin 1–7 (Ang 1–7) peptide. We hypothesized that the antiobesity effect of Ang 1–7 was related to the stimulation of brown adipose tissue (BAT). We administered Ang 1–7 (0.54 mg kg−1 day−1) for 28 days via implanted micro-osmotic pumps to mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Ang 1–7 treatment reduced body weight, upregulated thermogenesis, and ameliorated impaired glucose homeostasis without affecting food consumption. Furthermore, Ang 1–7 treatment enlarged BAT and the increased expression of UCP1, PRDM16, and prohibitin. Alterations in PRDM16 expression correlated with increased AMPK and phosphorylation of mTOR. Ang 1–7 treatment elevated thermogenesis in subcutaneous white adipose tissue without altering UCP1 expression. These changes occurred in the context of decreased lipid accumulation in BAT from HFD-fed mice, preserved insulin signaling concomitant with phosphorylation of hormone-sensitive lipase and decreased expression of perilipin. These data suggest that Ang 1–7 induces brown adipocyte differentiation leading to upregulation of thermogenesis and improved metabolic profile in diet-induced obesity. Enhancing Ang 1–7 action represents a promising therapy to increase BAT and to reduce the metabolic complications associated with diet-induced obesity.

scholarly journals HOXA5 Participates in Brown Adipose Tissue and Epaxial Skeletal Muscle Patterning and in Brown Adipocyte Differentiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam A. Holzman ◽  
Abigail Ryckman ◽  
Tova M. Finkelstein ◽  
Kim Landry-Truchon ◽  
Kyra A. Schindler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Lineage Tracing ◽  
Brown Adipocyte ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Droplet Morphology ◽  
Epaxial Muscle

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays critical thermogenic, metabolic and endocrine roles in mammals, and aberrant BAT function is associated with metabolic disorders including obesity and diabetes. The major BAT depots are clustered at the neck and forelimb levels, and arise largely within the dermomyotome of somites, from a common progenitor with skeletal muscle. However, many aspects of BAT embryonic development are not well understood.Hoxa5patterns other tissues at the cervical and brachial levels, including skeletal, neural and respiratory structures. Here, we show thatHoxa5also positively regulates BAT development, while negatively regulating formation of epaxial skeletal muscle. HOXA5 protein is expressed in embryonic preadipocytes and adipocytes as early as embryonic day 12.5.Hoxa5null mutant embryos and rare, surviving adults show subtly reduced iBAT and sBAT formation, as well as aberrant marker expression, lower adipocyte density and altered lipid droplet morphology. Conversely, the epaxial muscles that arise from a common dermomyotome progenitor are expanded inHoxa5mutants. Conditional deletion ofHoxa5withMyf5/Crecan reproduce both BAT and epaxial muscle phenotypes, indicating that HOXA5 is necessary withinMyf5-positive cells for proper BAT and epaxial muscle development. However, recombinase-based lineage tracing shows thatHoxa5does not act cell-autonomously to repress skeletal muscle fate. Interestingly,Hoxa5-dependent regulation of adipose-associated transcripts is conserved in lung and diaphragm, suggesting a shared molecular role forHoxa5in multiple tissues. Together, these findings establish a role forHoxa5in embryonic BAT development.

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