scholarly journals Effect of Virtual Reality on Postural and Balance Control in Patients with Stroke: A Systematic Literature Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Chen ◽  
Wai Leung Ambrose Lo ◽  
Yu Rong Mao ◽  
Ming Hui Ding ◽  
Qiang Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subacute Stroke ◽  
Evidence Database ◽  
The Impact

Objective. To critically evaluate the studies that were conducted over the past 10 years and to assess the impact of virtual reality on static and dynamic balance control in the stroke population.Method. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials published between January 2006 and December 2015 was conducted. Databases searched were PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies must have involved adult patients with stroke during acute, subacute, or chronic phase. All included studies must have assessed the impact of virtual reality programme on either static or dynamic balance ability and compared it with a control group. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies.Results. Nine studies were included in this systematic review. The PEDro scores ranged from 4 to 9 points. All studies, except one, showed significant improvement in static or dynamic balance outcomes group.Conclusions. This review provided moderate evidence to support the fact that virtual reality training is an effective adjunct to standard rehabilitation programme to improve balance for patients with chronic stroke. The effect of VR training in balance recovery is less clear in patients with acute or subacute stroke. Further research is required to investigate the optimum training intensity and frequency to achieve the desired outcome.

Impact of Tai Chi Exercise on Balance Disorders: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Wei Huang ◽  
Nannette Nicholson ◽  
Sheila Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Vestibular Rehabilitation ◽  
Vestibular Disorders ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
The Impact

PurposeTai chi is receiving increasing research attention with its benefit of improving flexibility and balance. The objective of this review was to examine the evidence concerning the impact of tai chi as a practical therapy for vestibular rehabilitation on individuals with balance and vestibular disorders.MethodA systematic review using 4 electronic databases was conducted. Randomized clinical trials and quasi-experimental studies were included.ResultsFour studies met the inclusion criteria and were included for data analysis. Results indicate positive effect of tai chi practice on dynamic postural stability in balance of its practitioners.ConclusionTai chi may be a useful therapy as for vestibular rehabilitation as it improves dynamic balance control and flexibility of individuals with balance and vestibular disorders.

scholarly journals Acute effects of contract-relax proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching of hip abductors and adductors on dynamic balance

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e6108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafał Szafraniec ◽  
Krystyna Chromik ◽  
Amanda Poborska ◽  
Adam Kawczyński
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Balance ◽  
Golgi Tendon Organs ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation ◽  
The Impact

Background Balance control has been shown to play a fundamental role both in everyday life and many athletic activities. An important component of balance control is the somatosensory information gained from muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs. The changes in the muscle-tendon unit stiffness could alter the ability to detect and respond promptly to changes of an unstable environment. One of the procedures affecting muscle stiffness is stretching, and contract-relax PNF stretching (CRS) is considered as one of the safest and most effective techniques. So far, there are no studies on the impact of CRS of hip adductor and abductor muscles on body balance. These muscle groups are responsible for maintaining mediolateral balance which is of particular interest, since it is more affected by ageing and disease and since its deterioration has been associated with an increased risk of falling. In light of the above, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a single dose of contract-relax proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching of hip adductors and abductors on mediolateral dynamic balance. Methods The study involved 45 healthy individuals (age 19–23 years) assigned to the intervention group (IG) or the control group (CG). Balance testing was carried out before (Pre) and immediately after CRS in the intervention group or after 5-minute rest in the control group (Post). There were performed three repetitions of the CRS targeting the adductor and abductor muscles of the hip. Results Statistically significant differences between Pre and Post condition were observed only in the intervention group. The values of all measured variables defining the body’s dynamic balance were significantly lower immediately after the applied CRS, which indicates an improved body balance: Global Index (p = 0.0001), total area of sway (p = 0.0001), external area of sway (p = 0.00004), external time (p = 0.0004) and reaction time (p = 0.0003). Conclusions A single dose of contract-relax proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching of the hip adductor and abductor muscles improved mediolateral dynamic balance.

scholarly journals The Effect of Virtual Reality Rehabilitation on Balance in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1003
Author(s):  
Wenjing Wang ◽  
Sharon Sui-lam Wong ◽  
Frank Ho-yin Lai
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comprehensive Search

As a popular method, virtual reality (VR) is still controversial in its effect on the balance function of patients with Parkinson’s disease. This systematic review aims to discuss such effects of VR and to compare it with that resulting from traditional therapies. A comprehensive search was conducted for randomized controlled trials published from 2000 to 2020 through the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane Library. Fifteen articles were included for the systematic review. An evaluation on their methodological qualities was performed using the PEDro scale, followed by an assessment of their risk of biases in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions for quality assessment. In terms of dynamic balance, the BBS score of the VR group was significantly improved when compared with the control group (SMD = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.31–0.73). However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups on TUG (SMD = −0.26; 95% CI = −0.62–0.1; p = 0.16). Besides, the VR group also showed better results in improving patients’ static balance, balance confidence, and quality of life. A funnel plot was created to investigate the effects of each study included in the meta-analysis in order to identify any existing publication bias. This systematic review shows that the application of VR leads to more significant improvement in the balance of patients with Parkinson’s disease than having them perform traditional exercises. It can be used as an auxiliary method of rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Balance in children born prematurely currently aged 6–7

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
Ewa Dziuba ◽  
Justyna Drzał-Grabiec ◽  
Aleksandra Truszczyńska-Baszak ◽  
Katarzyna Guzek ◽  
Katarzyna Zajkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Premature Birth ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Balance ◽  
Education Material ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

SummaryStudy aim: Premature birth is one of the major problems of obstetrics, leading to numerous complications that are associated with prematurity, for instance balance disorders. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of premature birth on the ability to maintain balance in children commencing their school education. Material and methods: The study included children aged 6-7 years. The study group consisted of 59 children (31 girls and 28 boys, mean age 6.38 ± SD 0.73) born prematurely between 24 and 35 weeks of gestation. The control group consisted of 61 children (28 girls and 33 boys, mean age 6.42 ± 0.58) born at term. The research utilized standardized test tools - one-leg open-eyed and closed-eyed standing test, one-leg jumping test - and an original questionnaire survey. Results: The children born at term achieved better results in the majority of tests. The comparison of girls and boys born pre­maturely and at term showed no statistically significant difference between them in terms of dynamic balance, static balance or total balance control. The comparison of the tests performed on the right and left lower limb in prematurely born children showed no statistically significant differences. Conclusion: Premature birth affects the ability to maintain body balance. The results of the study indicate the need to develop coordination skills that shape body balance in prematurely born children.

scholarly journals The Clinical Utility of Virtual Reality in Neurorehabilitation: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 117957351881354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Massetti ◽  
Talita Dias da Silva ◽  
Tânia Brusque Crocetta ◽  
Regiani Guarnieri ◽  
Bruna Leal de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
The Past ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

Background: Virtual reality (VR) experiences (through games and virtual environments) are increasingly being used in physical, cognitive, and psychological interventions. However, the impact of VR as an approach to rehabilitation is not fully understood, and its advantages over traditional rehabilitation techniques are yet to be established. Method: We present a systematic review which was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). During February and March of 2018, we conducted searches on PubMed (Medline), Virtual Health Library Search Portal databases (BVS), Web of Science (WOS), and Embase for all VR-related publications in the past 4 years (2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018). The keywords used in the search were “neurorehabilitation” AND “Virtual Reality” AND “devices.” Results: We summarize the literature which highlights that a range of effective VR approaches are available. Studies identified were conducted with poststroke patients, patients with cerebral palsy, spinal cord injuries, and other pathologies. Healthy populations have been used in the development and testing of VR approaches meant to be used in the future by people with neurological disorders. A range of benefits were associated with VR interventions, including improvement in motor functions, greater community participation, and improved psychological and cognitive function. Conclusions: The results from this review provide support for the use of VR as part of a neurorehabilitation program in maximizing recovery.

scholarly journals Effects of offloading devices on static and dynamic balance in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koen Andre Horstink ◽  
Lucas Henricus Vincentius van der Woude ◽  
Juha Markus Hijmans
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
Somatosensory Information

AbstractPatients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) usually have reduced somatosensory information and altered perception in feet and ankles. Somatosensory information acts as feedback for movement control and loss of somatosensation leads to altered plantar pressure patterns during gait and stance. Offloading devices are used to reduce peak plantar pressure and prevent diabetic foot ulcers. However, offloading devices can unfortunately have negative effects on static and dynamic balance. It is important to investigate these unwanted effects, since patient with DPN already are at high risk of falling and offloading devices could potentially increase this risk. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the effects of plantar offloading devices used for ulcer prevention on their role in static and dynamic balance control in patients with DPN. PubMed and Embase were systematically searched using relevant search terms. After title selection, abstract selection, and full-text selection only five articles could be included for further analysis. Two articles included static balance measurements, two articles included dynamic balance measurements, and one article included both. Results suggested that static balance control is reduced when rocker bottom shoes and different insole configurations are used, however, toe-only rockers showed less evidence for reduced static balance control. There was no evidence for reduced dynamic balance control in combination with offloading devices. However, these results should be interpreted with care, since the number of studies was very small and the quality of the studies was moderate. Future research should evaluate balance in combination with different offloading devices, so that clinicians subscribing them are more aware of their potential unwanted consequences.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Virtual Reality and Visual Feedback on Balance and Leg Function in Children with Cerebral Palsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arūnė Dūdaitė ◽  
Vilma Juodžbalienė
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Stretching Exercises

Research background. Virtual reality and visual feedback improve motor performance, motor function and balance, so we want to fnd if it affects the function of legs and balance of children with spastic hemiplegia. Research aim was to establish if the use of virtual reality and visual feedback with traditional physiotherapy improve the function of legs and balance of children with cerebral palsy. Methods. Nine children with cerebral palsy participated in the research. Participants were randomly divided into two groups – virtual reality group (n = 6) and control (n = 3). Virtual reality group practised exergaming and stretching exercises for 10 weeks, twice a week. Control group practiced conventional physiotherapy and stretching exercises for 6 weeks, twice a week. We measured the range of motion of the lower limb, spasticity of the lower limb using Modifed Ashworth’o Scale, static, dynamic balance, trunk coordination using Trunk Impairment Scale at the start and the end of the research, and balance using Pediatric Balance Scale. Results. Virtual reality and visual feedback reduced the spasticity of the lower limb, improved balance and postural control for children with cerebral palsy, but it did not improve the range of motion of the lower limb of children with cerebral palsy. Conclusions. Virtual reality and visual feedback did not improve the range of motion of the lower limb of children with cerebral palsy. Virtual reality and visual feedback reduced spasticity of the lower limb, improved balance and postural control for children with cerebral palsy.Keywords. Cerebral palsy, virtual reality, visual feedback, postural control, muscle architecture.

Postoperative Prophylactic Antibiotics Reduce Surgical Site Infection Rates after Ventral Hernia Repair: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (11) ◽  
pp. 1228-1233
Author(s):  
Pablo A. Baltodano ◽  
Anmol Chattha ◽  
Philip K. Johnson ◽  
Justin Kittredge ◽  
Joseph A. Ricci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hernia Repair ◽  
Ventral Hernia ◽  
Ventral Hernia Repair ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Independent Assessment

SSIs after ventral hernia repair (VHR) represent a significant complication. The impact of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics on the SSI rates after VHRs is unclear. A systematic review of PubMed and Web of Science databases from inception through March 2016 investigating the effect of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics after VHRs was performed. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were implemented, and the methodological quality of the included studies was assessed. After systematic independent assessment of 216 citations, four studies, involving 344 patients, met the inclusion criteria. Among the included studies, 164 patients received >24 hours of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics, whereas 180 patients were controls. The overall incidence of SSI among patients receiving postoperative antibiotics was 14.6 per cent (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.9 to 20.9) which compares favorably with the control group: 35.5 per cent (95% CI, 28.9 to 42.7) (odds ratio: 0.3, 95% CI: 0.2 to 0.5, P < 0.01). Among patient's receiving postoperative antibiotics, the pooled average duration of postoperative antibiotic treatment was 6.2 ± 0.4 days. Based on the available evidence, the use of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics seems to be associated with lower SSI rates after VHRs. Future prospective randomized controlled trials should be conducted to further confirm the efficacy of this prophylactic intervention.

scholarly journals The Impact of a Stabilization Exercise on Neck Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (04) ◽  
pp. 342-347
Author(s):  
Binbin Wu ◽  
Hongyan Yuan ◽  
Deyu Geng ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Cheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Neck Disability Index ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stabilization Exercise ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction The efficacy of a stabilization exercise for the relief of neck pain remains controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the effectiveness of a stabilization exercise on neck pain. Methods We searched Embase, Web of Science, EBSCO Information Services, and the Cochrane Library databases through May 2019 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the impact of a stabilization exercise on neck pain. This meta-analysis was performed using the random effects model. Results Six RCTs are included in the meta-analysis. Compared with the control group of patients with neck pain, a stabilization exercise can significantly reduce pain scores at 4 to 6 weeks (mean difference [MD]: −2.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], −4.46 to −0.35; p = 0.02), Neck Disability Index [NDI] at 10 to 12 weeks (MD:− 6.75; 95% CI, −11.71 to −1.79; p = 0.008), and depression scale at 4 to 6 weeks (MD: −4.65; 95% CI, −7.00 to −2.31; p = 0.02), but it has no obvious impact on pain scores at 10 to 12 weeks (MD: −1.07; 95% CI, −3.42 to 1.28; p = 0.37) or at 6 months (MD: −1.02; 95% CI, −3.43 to 1.39; p = 0.41). Conclusions A stabilization exercise can provide some benefits to control neck pain.

scholarly journals 130 Impact of Balance Training in Virtual Reality on Body Balance in Patients after Total HIP Replacement

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. iv28-iv33
Author(s):  
Anna Hadamus ◽  
Dariusz Białoszewski ◽  
Aleksandra Justyna Kowalska ◽  
Edyta Urbaniak ◽  
Rafał Boratyński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Total Hip Replacement ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Forward Movement ◽  
Body Balance ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Vr Training ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Introduction Virtual Reality (VR) training is becoming an increasingly popular form of exercise aiding in re-education of body balance. Many reports have demonstrated its effectiveness, greater patient involvement in exercise and better outcomes compared to traditional rehabilitation [1]. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the additional training in VR on body balance in patients after total hip replacement. Material and Methods 56 patients randomly assigned to an experimental group (30 people) and a control group (26 people) was included in the study. All patients had undergone THR within 2 to 12 weeks before the beginning of the study. The control group underwent standard post-operative rehabilitation, while a VR training programme was used in the experimental group as an additional rehabilitation tool. Balance was assessed with the VBC system and the AMTi AccuSway plate. The results were considered significant for p &lt;0.05. Results CoP displacement in the frontal plane was reduced in both groups in tests with eyes closed (p&lt;0.05). Other parameters in standing tests remain the same. The maximum forward deflection test has shown a significant increase in the range of forward movement in the experimental group (p &lt;0.05). In the control group, the duration of the forward movement phase was reduced, but the range remained the same. The rhythmic sway test showed an increase in the average speed of movements in the experimental group (p &lt;0.05). There were no changes in the control group. Conclusions 1. Postural stability training in VR primarily involves dynamic aspects of the maintenance of balance. 2. Improvement in functional tests may indicate a better clinical outcome of rehabilitation in patients who have additionally trained in VR. 3. The improvement obtained in static tests most probably results from improvement in muscle strength and static stability resulting from the rehabilitation.

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