scholarly journals Choroidal Thickness in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Type Dementia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Bulut ◽  
Aylin Yaman ◽  
Muhammet Kazim Erol ◽  
Fatma Kurtuluş ◽  
Devrim Toslak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Neurological Examination ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Vascular Structures ◽  
Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
State Examination

Aim. To asses both choroidal thickness differences among Alzheimer’s type dementia (ATD) patients, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, and healthy control (C) subjects and choroidal thickness relationships with cognitive performance.Methods. A total of 246 eyes of 123 people (41 ATD, 38 MCI, and 44 healthy C subjects) were included in this study. Complete ophthalmological and neurological examination was performed in all subjects. Choroidal thicknesses (CT) were measured at seven locations: the fovea, 500-1500-3000 μm temporal and 500-1500-3000 μm nasal to the fovea by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). Detailed neurological examination including mini mental state examination (MMSE) test which evaluates the cognitive function was applied to all participants.Results. The ages and genders of all participants were similar in all groups. Compared with healthy C subjects, the CT measurements at all regions were significantly thinner both in patients with ATD and in patients with MCI than in healthy C subjects (p<0.05). The MMSE scores were significantly different among ATD patients, MCI patients, and healthy C subjects. They were19.3±1.8,24.8±0.9, and27.6±1.2in ATD, MCI, and healthy controls, respectively (p<0.001). There were also significant correlation between MMSE score and choroidal thickness at each location (p<0.05).Conclusions. CT was reduced in ATD patients and MCI patients. Since vascular structures were affected in ATD patients and MCI patients, they had thin CT. Besides CT was correlated with degree of cognitive impairment. Therefore CT may be a new biomarker in diagnosis and follow-up of MCI and ATD patients.

Choroidal thickness evaluation in paediatric patients with adenotonsillar hypertrophy

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (9) ◽  
pp. 768-772
Author(s):  
A Yenigun ◽  
A Elbay ◽  
A M Hafiz ◽  
O Ozturan
Keyword(s):  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Depth Imaging ◽  
Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Thickness Measurements

AbstractObjective:To investigate choroidal thickness using enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography in paediatric patients with adenotonsillar hypertrophy, with comparison to healthy children, three months after adenotonsillectomy.Methods:The patients were assigned to three groups: an adenotonsillar hypertrophy group, an adenotonsillectomy group and a healthy control group. In all groups, subfoveal, temporal and nasal choroidal thickness measurements were taken.Results:In the subfoveal, temporal and nasal regions, choroidal tissue was found to be significantly thinner in adenotonsillar hypertrophy children than healthy children (p = 0.012, p = 0.027 and p = 0.020). The subfoveal and temporal choroidal thickness measurements of adenotonsillar hypertrophy group cases were significantly decreased compared to those in the adenotonsillectomy group (p = 0.038 and p = 0.048).Conclusion:There was a significant association between decreased choroidal thickness and adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Adenotonsillar hypertrophy may play an important role in decreased choroidal thickness.

scholarly journals Relationship between Choroidal Thickness and Visual Field Impairment in Acute Zonal Occult Outer Retinopathy

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Hashimoto ◽  
Wataru Saito ◽  
Michiyuki Saito ◽  
Yuka Hasegawa ◽  
Akari Takita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Humphrey Perimetry ◽  
Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Fellow Eyes

Purpose. To evaluate sequential changes in choroidal thickness at the affected area in patients with acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR). Methods. This retrospective observational case series included 14 affected eyes and 6 unaffected fellow eyes from 10 AZOOR patients with impaired macular area. Using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography, choroidal thicknesses at the subfovea and at nasal and temporal sites 1000 μm away from the fovea were manually measured at baseline and 3 and 6 months thereafter. Changes in the choroidal thicknesses and the average threshold at the affected area on Humphrey perimetry were compared during the 6-month follow-up. Results. In AZOOR eyes, the average threshold at the affected area significantly increased over time, while outer retinal structure ameliorated. The mean choroidal thicknesses at all the sites measured significantly decreased at 3 and 6 months compared with baseline values in AZOOR eyes, but not in fellow eyes. There was an inverse correlation between the changing rates of the average threshold and the subfoveal choroidal thickness at 6 months from baseline. Conclusion. The current data suggest that choroidal thickness at AZOOR-affected area significantly decreased with regression of AZOOR and this anatomical change correlated with the functional recovery.

How does nepafenac affect the choroidal thickness after uneventful cataract surgery?

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212097604
Author(s):  
Selim Cevher ◽  
Gülçin Aydoğdu
Keyword(s):  
Free Group ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽  
Depth Imaging ◽  
Small Incision ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ophthalmologic Examination ◽  
Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: To investigate the effects of topical nepafenac on choroidal thickness (CT) following uneventful phacoemulsification surgery (UPS) using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). Methods: This prospective study included 45 randomly selected eyes (23 eyes of 23 patients used nepafenac (nepafenac group) and 22 eyes of 22 control patients did not use nepafenac (nepafenac-free group)) undergoing small-incision UPS. All participants underwent full ophthalmologic examination. CT measurements were performed at subfoveal, 1.0 mm temporal, and 1.0 mm nasal using the EDI-OCT preoperatively, 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month postoperatively. Results: The mean subfoveal, nasal, and temporal CT in the nepafenac-free group had changed from 268.95 ± 63.59 μm to 283.36 ± 65.63 μm, 237.22 ± 64.09 μm to 253.09 ± 67.27 μm, and 235.95 ± 75.22 μm to 259.09 ± 63.66 μm preoperatively to 1 month postoperatively, respectively ( p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). The mean subfoveal, nasal, and temporal CT in the nepafenac group had changed from 259.65 ± 55.99 μm to 276.65 ± 59.21 μm, 236.34 ± 55.40 μm to 251.00 ± 62.39 μm, and 247.56 ± 50.88 μm to 261.13 ± 53.73 μm preoperatively to 1 month postoperatively, respectively ( p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). The postoperative CT continued to increase significantly during the follow-up period in two groups. However, compared to the change from baseline to month 1, there was not a statistically significant difference between the groups at subfoveal, nasal, and temporal CT ( p: 0.633, p: 0.865, and p: 0.328, respectively). Conclusion: UPS may cause a significant increase in CT. Although increasing in the CT was lower in the nepafenac group than the nepafenac-free group, there was not a statistically significant difference between the groups.

scholarly journals Increased Choroidal Thickness in Morquio Syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 816-823
Author(s):  
Augusto Magalhães ◽  
Rodrigo Vilares-Morgado ◽  
Ana Maria Cunha ◽  
Elisa Leão-Teles ◽  
Manuel Falcão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽  
Fundus Photography ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
First Case ◽  
Mps Iva ◽  
Morquio Syndrome ◽  
Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Mucopolysaccharidosis Type Iva

The purpose of this clinical case report is to describe a case of mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA (MPS IVA), or Morquio syndrome, with increased choroidal thickness in enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) which can represent choroidal deposition of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). A 21-year-old male with genetically confirmed diagnosis of MPS IVA was examined at our Pediatric Ophthalmology clinic as part of our follow-up protocol for MPS patients. His best-corrected visual acuity was 4/10 in his right eye (OD) and 6/10 in the left eye (OS). Mild diffuse corneal opacification was evident. Intraocular pressure was within normal range. Fundus examination and color fundus photography revealed no abnormalities. EDI-OCT revealed significantly increased choroidal thickness in his right eye and in his left eye, suggesting the presence of choroidal deposition of GAGs, despite absence of retinal or optic disc GAG deposition or other chorioretinal involvement. To our knowledge, this is the first case of MPS IVA described in the literature with suspected choroidal deposition of GAGs. With improved control of systemic features of MPS IVA, life expectancy of these patients has increased, allowing for more ocular manifestations to develop. The parallel development of technology in ophthalmology, such as the EDI-OCT, further contributes to the detection of these unprecedented ocular features in MPSs.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Cocoa Polyphenols in the Treatment of Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Retrospective Study

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco Salvatore Calabrò ◽  
Maria Cristina De Cola ◽  
Giuseppe Gervasi ◽  
Simona Portaro ◽  
Antonino Naro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Disorder ◽  
P Value ◽  
Study Population ◽  
One Year ◽  
Polyphenol Intake ◽  
Cognition Impairment ◽  
State Examination

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is characterized by cognition impairment that does not interfere with the usual activities of daily living. It is considered to be a transitional stage between normal aging and dementia. No treatment is available for MCI. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 55 patients (29 males and 26 females, aged 56–75 years) with a diagnosis of amnestic MCI who attended the Center for Cognitive Disorder and Dementia of the IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo (Messina, Italy) between January and December of 2017. As we aimed to evaluate the effect of cocoa polyphenols on cognition, the study population was separated into two groups depending on the change in their Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score at a one-year follow-up. Results: Compared to G2 (i.e., patients with a worsening in cognitive functions), the rate of polyphenol intake was significantly higher in patients without a worsening in cognition (i.e., G1) (χ2 = 13.79, df = 1, p-value < 0.001). By subdividing G1 patients based on whether they improved or were stable at follow-up, we found that 46.2% of those who had improved were treated with polyphenols. Conclusions: Dietary supplementation of cocoa flavonoids seems to reduce the progression of MCI to dementia. Further prospective studies with larger sample volumes are required to confirm these promising findings.

Elucidating the risk factors for progression from amyloid-negative amnestic mild cognitive impairment to dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung-Ji Kim ◽  
Jae-Hong Lee ◽  
E-nae Cheong ◽  
Sung-Eun Chung ◽  
Sungyang Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Amyloid Pet ◽  
Clinical Progression ◽  
Amnestic Mci

Background: Amyloid PET allows for the assessment of amyloid β status in the brain, distinguishing true Alzheimer’s disease from Alzheimer’s disease-mimicking conditions. Around 15–20% of patients with clinically probable Alzheimer’s disease have been found to have no significant Alzheimer’s pathology on amyloid PET. However, a limited number of studies had been conducted this subpopulation in terms of clinical progression. Objective: We investigated the risk factors that could affect the progression to dementia in patients with amyloid-negative amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: This study was a single-institutional, retrospective cohort study of patients over the age of 50 with amyloidnegative amnestic MCI who visited the memory clinic of Asan Medical Center with a follow-up period of more than 36 months. All participants underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), detailed neuropsychological testing, and fluorine-18[F18]-florbetaben amyloid PET. Results: During the follow-up period, 39 of 107 patients progressed to dementia from amnestic MCI. In comparison with the stationary group, the progressed group had a more severe impairment in verbal and visual episodic memory function and hippocampal atrophy, which showed an Alzheimer’s disease-like pattern despite the lack of evidence for significant Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Voxel-based morphometric MRI analysis revealed that the progressed group had a reduced gray matter volume in the bilateral cerebellar cortices, right temporal cortex, and bilateral insular cortices. Conclusion: Considering the lack of evidence of amyloid pathology, clinical progression of these subpopulation may be caused by other neuropathologies such as TDP-43, abnormal tau or alpha synuclein that lead to neurodegeneration independent of amyloid-driven pathway. Further prospective studies incorporating biomarkers of Alzheimer’s diseasemimicking dementia are warranted.

Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the early detection of dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Arevalo-Rodriguez ◽  
Nadja Smailagic ◽  
Marta Roqué-Figuls ◽  
Agustín Ciapponi ◽  
Erick Sanchez-Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
State Examination

Analyses of Visuospatial and Visuoperceptual Errors as Predictors of Dementia in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Subjective Cognitive Decline and Mild Cognitive Impairment

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Iván Galtier ◽  
Antonieta Nieto ◽  
María Mata ◽  
Jesús N. Lorenzo ◽  
José Barroso
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

ABSTRACT Objective: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are considered as the risk factors for dementia (PDD). Posterior cortically based functions, such as visuospatial and visuoperceptual (VS-VP) processing, have been described as predictors of PDD. However, no investigations have focused on the qualitative analysis of the Judgment of Line Orientation Test (JLOT) and the Facial Recognition Test (FRT) in PD-SCD and PD-MCI. The aim of this work was to study the VS-VP errors in JLOT and FRT. Moreover, these variables are considered as predictors of PDD. Method: Forty-two PD patients and 19 controls were evaluated with a neuropsychological protocol. Patients were classified as PD-SCD and PD-MCI. Analyses of errors were conducted following the procedure described by Ska, Poissant, and Joanette (1990). Follow-up assessment was conducted to a mean of 7.5 years after the baseline. Results: PD-MCI patients showed a poor performance in JLOT and FRT total score and made a greater proportion of severe intraquadrant (QO2) and interquadrant errors (IQO). PD-SCD showed a poor performance in FRT and made mild errors in JLOT. PD-MCI and QO2/IQO errors were independent risk factors for PDD during the follow-up. Moreover, the combination of both PD-MCI diagnosis and QO2/IQO errors was associated with a greater risk. Conclusions: PD-MCI patients presented a greater alteration in VS-VP processing observable by the presence of severe misjudgments. PD-SCD patients also showed mild difficulties in VS-SP functions. Finally, QO2/IQO errors in PD-MCI are a useful predictor of PDD, more than PD-MCI diagnosis alone.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document