scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity ofSalvadora persicaL. (Miswak) Extracts against Multidrug Resistant Bacterial Clinical Isolates

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Saeed Zayed Al-Ayed ◽  
Ahmed Morad Asaad ◽  
Mohamed Ansar Qureshi ◽  
Hany Goda Attia ◽  
Abduljabbar Hadi AlMarrani
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Emerging Pathogens ◽  
Salvadora Persica ◽  
Mic Value

Much effort has focused on examining the inhibitory effect ofSalvadora persica(miswak) on oral microorganisms, but information concerning its antibacterial activity against other human pathogens, particularly multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates, is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the in vitro antibacterial activities ofSalvadora persicaL. extracts against 10 MDR bacterial clinical isolates other than oral pathogens. The antibacterial activity of aqueous and methanol miswak extracts was assessed using the agar dilution and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods. Overall, the 400 mg/mL of miswak extract was the most effective on all strains. The methanol extract exhibited a stronger antibacterial activity against Gram-negative (3.3–13.6 mm) than Gram-positive (1.8–8.3 mm) bacteria. The lowest MIC value was seen forE. coli(0.39, 1.56 µg/mL), followed byStreptococcus pyogenes(1.56 µg/mL). The highest MIC value (6.25, 12.5 µg/mL) was recorded for methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA),Acinetobacter baumannii, andStenotrophomonas maltophilia. This study demonstrates, for the first time, the moderate to strong antibacterial activity of miswak extracts against all tested MDR-pathogens. Methanol extract appears to be a potent antimicrobial agent that could be considered as complementary and alternative medicine against resistant pathogens. Further studies on a large number of MDR organisms are necessary to investigate and standardize the inhibitory effect of miswak extracts against these emerging pathogens.

scholarly journals 1293. Sulbactam-durlobactam is active against recent, multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates from the Middle East

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S662-S662
Author(s):  
Alita Miller ◽  
Sarah McLeod ◽  
Samir Moussa ◽  
Meredith Hackel
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Spectrum Activity

Abstract Background The incidence of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) is increasing at an alarming rate in certain regions of the world, including the Middle East. Sulbactam (SUL) has intrinsic antibacterial activity against Ab; however, the prevalence of β-lactamases in Ab has limited its therapeutic utility. Durlobactam (DUR, formerly ETX2514) is a diazabicyclooctenone β-lactamase inhibitor with broad-spectrum activity against Ambler class A, C and D β-lactamases that restores SUL activity in vitro against MDR Ab. SUL-DUR is an antibiotic designed to treat serious infections caused by Acinetobacter, including multidrug-resistant strains, that is currently in Phase 3 clinical development. In global surveillance studies of >3600 isolates from 2012-2017, the MIC90 of SUL-DUR was 2 mg/L. Although surveillance systems to monitor MDR infections in the Middle East are currently being established, quantitative, prevalence-based data are not yet available. Therefore, the potency of SUL-DUR was determined against 190 recent, diverse Ab clinical isolates from this region. Methods 190 Ab isolates were collected between 2016 - 2018 from medical centers located in Israel (N = 47), Jordan (N = 36), Qatar (N = 13), Kuwait (N = 42), Lebanon (N = 8), Saudi Arabia (N = 24) and United Arab Emirates (N = 20). Seventy-five percent and 20.5% of these isolates were from respiratory and blood stream infections, respectively. Susceptibility to SUL-DUR and comparator agents was performed according to CLSI guidelines, and data analysis was performed using CLSI and EUCAST breakpoint criteria where available. Results This collection of isolates was 86% carbapenem-resistant and 90% sulbactam-resistant (based on a breakpoint of 4 mg/L). The addition of SUL-DUR (fixed at 4 mg/L) decreased the sulbactam MIC90 from 64 mg/L to 4 mg/L. Only 3 isolates (1.6%) had SUL-DUR MIC values of > 4 mg/L. This potency was consistent across countries, sources of infection and subsets of resistance phenotypes. Conclusion SUL-DUR demonstrated potent antibacterial activity against recent clinical isolates of Ab from the Middle East, including MDR isolates. These data support the global development of SUL-DUR for the treatment of MDR Ab infections. Disclosures Alita Miller, PhD, Entasis Therapeutics (Employee) Sarah McLeod, PhD, Entasis Therapeutics (Employee) Samir Moussa, PhD, Entasis Therapeutics (Employee)

Design, synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of ocotillol derivatives with polycyclic nitrogen-containing groups

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yucheng Cao ◽  
Kaiyi Wang ◽  
Jiali Wang ◽  
Haoran Cheng ◽  
Mengxin Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Strong Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Derivatives Of

Aim: With the increasing abuse of antibacterial drugs, multidrug-resistant bacteria have become a burden on human health and the healthcare system. To find alternative compounds effective against hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA), novel derivatives of ocotillol were synthesized. Methods & Results: Ocotillol derivatives with polycyclic nitrogen-containing groups were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity. Compounds 36–39 exhibited potent antibacterial activity against hospital-acquired MRSA, with MIC = 8–64 μg/ml. Additionally, a combination of compound 37 and the commercially available antibiotic kanamycin showed synergistic inhibitory effects, with a fractional inhibitory concentration index of ≤0.375. Conclusion: Compound 37 has a strong inhibitory effect, and this derivative has potential for use as a pharmacological tool to explore antibacterial mechanisms.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF FOMITOPSIS BETULINA CULTURAL LIQUID

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Krupodorova ◽  
Victor Barshteyn ◽  
Elena Pokas
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Fomitopsis Betulina

The antibacterial activity of Fomitopsis betulina cultural liquid (native, native concentrated, lyophilized, dried) against standard bacteria (Escherichia coli АТСС 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa АТСС 27853, Staphylococcus aureus АТСС 25923), and clinical isolates (Acinetobacter baumannii 50/1496 MBL, A. baumannii 88/2995 MBL, E. coli 116/3196 KPC, Klebsiella pneumoniae 6/509 ESBL, AmpC, KPC, P. aeruginosa 99/3066 MBL, P. aeruginosa 125/3343 MBL, S. haemoliticus 22/824 MRSA, S. aureus 134/3569 MRCNS) has been evaluated by the serial dilutions method. The antibacterial activity of F. betulina against S. haemoliticus and A. baumannii has been found for the first time. All samples of F. betulina cultural liquid demonstrated the inhibitory effect against standard bacterial strains at the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranging from >2.0 up to 18.75 mg/ml, and against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates with MBC from 7.8 up to 48.42 mg/ml. The dried F. betulina cultural liquid showed the highest antimicrobial activity against standard bacteria and clinical isolates, except A. baumannii 50/1496 MBL, while native concentrated cultural liquid was the most effective against this pathogen. The study showed that the antibacterial activity of the cultural liquid of F. betulina was improved by concentration and drying. The results obtained indicate that F. betulina cultural liquid contains alternative antimicrobial agents, useful for the treatment of bacterial diseases and might be a perspective substance for the pharmaceutical industries

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Methanol Leaf Extract of Citrus maxima against Clinical Isolates of Multidrug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Arup Kumar Samanta ◽  
P. Roychoudhury ◽  
Honeysmita Das ◽  
Kalyan Sarma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Citrus Maxima ◽  
Mic Value

Background: Mitigation process to curb the ever increasing problem of antimicrobial resistance through development of new class of antimicrobials is slow and costly affairs. Research on alternative to conventional antimicrobials using plant based products as good source of numerous phytochemicals have potential to cope up the antimicrobial resistance. The present study was formulated on detection of in vitro antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of methanol leaf extract of Citrus maxima against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: Leaves of Citrus maxima plants were collected from the campus of College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Aizawl, Mizoram and processed for preparation of methanol crude extract. The plant extracts were evaluated for their phytochemical and antioxidant properties using DPPH (2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. Twenty well characterized biofilm producing and multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains recovered from milk of mastitic cows from Mizoram were received from the cultural repository of the department. The plant extracts were subjected to determine their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against all the bacterial isolates including S. aureus (ATCC 29213) by in vitro agar well diffusion method and 96 well microtiter plate methods, respectively. The MIC value of the plant extracts were determined by microdilution method. Result: In the methanol leaf extract of C. maxima alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, tannin and phenol and flavonoids were detected by qualitative analysis. Saponin, protein, free amino acids, steroids and carbohydrates were not detected. The free radical scavenging potential of the extract was found to be 10.66±1.84% to 36.10±1.98%, which was comparatively lower than ascorbic acid (83.39±0.13% to 89.76±0.24%). A total of 8 (40.0%), 5 (25.0%) and 7 (35.0%) strains were recorded as weak, moderate and strong biofilm producer. Maximum antibacterial activity against standard culture was observed with the zone of inhibition of 18 mm at 200 mg/mL concentration and MIC value at 25 mg/mL. Maximum antimicrobial activities against clinical isolates were recorded with 11.8±1.13 mm zone of inhibition at 200 mg/mL and MIC value at 25 mg/mL. The clinical isolates exhibited highest (85.94±1.00%) biofilm inhibition at 6.25 mg/mL. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first-ever report on antibiofilm and antioxidative activities of C. maxima leaf extracts against any bacteria.

scholarly journals Plant-Derivatives Small Molecules with Antibacterial Activity

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Sana Alibi ◽  
Dámaso Crespo ◽  
Jesús Navas
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
In Vivo Analysis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Chemical Products

The vegetal world constitutes the main factory of chemical products, in particular secondary metabolites like phenols, phenolic acids, terpenoids, and alkaloids. Many of these compounds are small molecules with antibacterial activity, although very few are actually in the market as antibiotics for clinical practice or as food preservers. The path from the detection of antibacterial activity in a plant extract to the practical application of the active(s) compound(s) is long, and goes through their identification, purification, in vitro and in vivo analysis of their biological and pharmacological properties, and validation in clinical trials. This review presents an update of the main contributions published on the subject, focusing on the compounds that showed activity against multidrug-resistant relevant bacterial human pathogens, paying attention to their mechanisms of action and synergism with classical antibiotics.

A comparative study of the antibacterial activity of Quercus robur (Ethanolic extract) and Zinc oxide nanoparticles on Salmonella (In vitro)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hams H. H. Alfattli ◽  
Ghufran Zuhair Jiber ◽  
Ghaidaa Gatea Abbass
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Inhibition Zones

This study which designed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Ethanolic extract of (Quercusrobur) and Zinc oxide nanoparticles on the growth of one genus of enterobacteriacae (Salmonella). In vitro. For this purpose graduate concentrates for plant extract (50, 100, 200, 400 )mg/ml which prepared and compared with Zinc oxide nanoparticles of different concentration (2, 1, 0.5, 0.25) μg/ml,and examined. The result showed that the studied medicinal plant has antibacterial activity against this bacteria which used. The result showed that the plant has good activity in decrease the growth of this bacteria. The results of the study also showed that the nano-ZnO has very effective antibacterial action against the studied bacteria which was Salmonella,nanoparticles concentrations lead to increasing in the inhibition zones of tested bacterial growth. We also study the effect of three antibiotics Lomefloxacin (LOM), Ciprofloxacin (SIP) and Rifampin (RA) and the result showed,in a comparison within the tested bacteria,Salmonella had a significant inhibition increase in Lomefloxacin ; the ciprofloxacin showed effect on tested bacteria. However,Rifampin does not show any effect on tested bacteria.

scholarly journals 1280. In-Vitro Activity of Cefiderocol, Imipenem/Relebactam, & Ceftazidime/Avibactam in Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Resistant Strains of Multidrug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S655-S655
Author(s):  
Daniel Navas ◽  
Angela Charles ◽  
Amy Carr ◽  
Jose Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Carbapenemase Gene ◽  
Resistant Strains

Abstract Background The activity of imipenem/relebactam (I/R), ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) and cefiderocol (FDC) were evaluated against clinical isolates of multidrug resistant (MDR) strains of P. aeruginosa which was resistant to ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T). The recent increase of MDR P. aeruginosa strains isolated from clinical samples has prompted research and development of new antimicrobials that can withstand its multiple resistance mechanisms. C/T is an effective option for treatment of MDR P. aeruginosa in our facility with only 10% of resistance in MDR strains, but the emergence of resistance may occur due to the presence of a carbapenemase gene or an ampC mutation. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for C/T Etest® (bioMérieux, Inc.) were performed on all MDR strains initially screened by the VITEK2® (bioMérieux, Inc.). 10% (n=20) of all MDR isolates were resistant to C/T by the CLSI 2019 breakpoints. These resistant isolates were tested for presence of a carbapenemase gene using the GeneXpert CARBA-R (Cepheid®) PCR and against CZA Etest® (bioMérieux, Inc.) I/R gradient strips (Liofilchem®) and FDC broth microdilution (Thermo Scientific™ Sensititre™). Results A total of 20 clinical isolates of MDR P. aeruginosa resistant to C/T were tested following standardized CLSI protocols and techniques. All 20 isolates were screened for the presence of a carbapenemase gene (blaVIM, blaNDM, blaKPC, blaOXA-48, blaIMP). A blaVIM gene was detected in 6 (30%) out of 20 isolates. FDC demonstrated the greatest activity with 85% (n=17) of susceptible isolates (CLSI MIC <4µg/dL). CZA (CLSI MIC <8µg/dL) and I/R (FDA MIC <2µg/dL) showed 15% (n=3) and 10% (n=2) of susceptible isolates respectively. FDC was active against all 6 blaVIM isolates, where all 6 strains were resistant to CZA and I/R as expected. 3 isolates tested non-susceptible against FDC; additional characterization was not performed at this time. Conclusion Based on these results, FDC demonstrated the greatest in-vitro activity against C/T resistant strains of MDR P. aeruginosa. FDC also demonstrated activity against all 6 MDR P. aeruginosa carrying blaVIM gene. FDC is a strong option to consider on MDR P. aeruginosa strains based on a resistance testing algorithm and a cost/effective protocol. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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