scholarly journals The Research of Improved Grey GM (1, 1) Model to Predict the Postprandial Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannian Wang ◽  
Fenfen Wei ◽  
Changqing Sun ◽  
Quanzhong Li
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Prediction

Diabetes may result in some complications and increase the risk of many serious health problems. The purpose of clinical treatment is to carefully manage the blood glucose concentration. If the blood glucose concentration is predicted, treatments can be taken in advance to reduce the harm to patients. For this purpose, an improved grey GM (1, 1) model is applied to predict blood glucose with a small amount of data, and especially in terms of improved smoothness it can get higher prediction accuracy. The original data of blood glucose of type 2 diabetes is acquired by CGMS. Then the prediction model is established. Finally, 50 cases of blood glucose from the Henan Province People’s Hospital are predicted in 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes, respectively, in advance to verify the prediction model. The prediction result of blood glucose is evaluated by the EGA, MSE, and MAE. Particularly, the prediction results of postprandial blood glucose are presented and analyzed. The result shows that the improved grey GM (1, 1) model has excellent performance in postprandial blood glucose prediction.

The effect of premixed insulin to blood glucose concentration in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arina D. Puspitasari ◽  
Hayu Kusuma ◽  
Dinda M.N. Ratri ◽  
Cahyo Wibisono ◽  
Budi Suprapti
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Premixed Insulin ◽  
Acting Insulin ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentrations

AbstractBackgroundOne of the therapies used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) disease is combination insulin which consists of rapid-acting insulin and intermediate-acting insulin (premixed). This study aimed to examine the profile of premixed insulin related to blood glucose concentration and to identify the drug interactions due to the combination of premixed insulin with other drugs taken by T2DM patients.MethodsThis study was a prospective observational study with cross-sectional data that were analyzed descriptively. The respondents invited were T2DM patients with or without complication or comorbid disease who received premixed insulin with or without a combination of oral antidiabetic therapy in the Outpatient Unit of Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya. The research instruments used are data sheet, patient medical record, and fasting and postprandial blood glucose concentration.ResultsA total of 118 patients received premixed insulin therapy, but only 80 patients were included in the inclusion criteria. Based on types of insulin, the combination of 30% aspart and 70% protamine aspart was used by 91.25% T2DM patients, and a combination of 25% insulin lispro and 75% protamine lispro was used by 8.75% T2DM patients. There were 30.3% of patients who could achieve the target of 80–130 mg/dL in fasting blood glucose concentrations, and 35.1% of patients achieved the target of ≤180 mg/dL in postprandial blood glucose concentration. Drug interactions may occur in patients who use premixed insulin with glimepiride, lisinopril, fenofibrate, candesartan, irbesartan, and gemfibrozil.ConclusionsIn this study, premixed insulin have not reached the target of fasting and postprandial blood glucose concentrations in most patients.

Effect of basal insulin dosage on blood glucose concentration in ambulatory surgery patients with type 2 diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 184-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda J. Demma ◽  
Karen T. Carlson ◽  
Elizabeth W. Duggan ◽  
John Gordon Morrow ◽  
Guillermo Umpierrez
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Basal Insulin ◽  
Ambulatory Surgery ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Insulin Dosage

scholarly journals Characteristics of some wheat-based foods of the Italian diet in relation to their influence on postprandial glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Giacco ◽  
F. Brighenti ◽  
M. Parillo ◽  
M. Capuano ◽  
A. V. Ciardullo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
White Bread ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Blood Glucose Response ◽  
Starchy Foods

The present study was aimed at evaluating in patients with type 2 diabetes: (1) the glycaemic response to four starchy foods based on wheat, typical of the Italian diet; (2) the importance of some food characteristics in relation to their effects on postprandial glucose response. Seventeen patients with type 2 diabetes (eleven men and six women) participated in the study. All patients consumed, in random order and on alternate days, 50 g available carbohydrate provided by 90 g white bread and, according to a randomised procedure, an equivalent amount of carbohydrate provided by one (n 8) or two (n 9) of three other different test foods (g): pizza 85, potato dumplings 165, hard toasted bread 60. Foods had a similar nutrient composition. Plasma glucose response, measured for 180 min, was significantly lower after the potato dumplings than after white bread at 90 (P<0·05), 120 (P<0·01) and 150 (P<0·05) min. No difference was observed in postprandial plasma insulin response after the various test foods. The percentage of starch hydrolysed after 5 h in vitro hydrolysis with α-amylase was about 30 % lower for potato dumplings than for the other foods. However, no differences in the resistant starch content, the rate of diffusion of simple sugars added to a dialysis tube containing the food, and the viscosity of digesta were observed among the test foods. Scanning electron microscopy of potato dumplings showed a compact structure compatible with impaired accessibility of starch to digestive enzymes. In conclusion, carbohydrate-rich foods typical of the Italian diet which are often consumed as an alternative to pasta dishes are not equivalent in terms of metabolic impact in diabetic patients. Due to their low blood glucose response, potato dumplings represent a valid alternative to other starchy foods in the diabetic diet. Food structure plays an important role in determining starch accessibility to digestion, thus influencing the postprandial blood glucose response.

An Approach to diabetic ketoacidosis in an emergency setting.

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Pitocco ◽  
Mauro Di Leo ◽  
Linda Tartaglione ◽  
Emanuele Gaetano Rizzo ◽  
Salvatore Caputo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Diabetic Complication ◽  
Emergency Setting ◽  
Online Activity

Background: Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the most commonly encountered diabetic complication emergencies. It typically affects people with type 1 diabetes at the onset of the disease. It can also affect people with type 2 diabetes, although this is uncommon. Methods: Research and online content related to diabetes online activity is reviewed. DKA is caused by a relative or absolute deficiency of insulin and elevated levels of counter regulatory hormones. Results: Goals of therapy are to correct dehydration, acidosis and to reverse ketosis, gradually restoring blood glucose concentration to near normal. Conclusion: Furthermore it is essential to monitor potential complications of DKA and if necessary, to treat them and any precipitating events.

scholarly journals Modeling the Effect of Subcutaneous Lixisenatide on Glucoregulatory Endocrine Secretions and Gastric Emptying in Type 2 Diabetes to Simulate the Effect of iGlarLixi Administration Timing on Blood Sugar Profiles

2021 ◽  
pp. 193229682110156
Author(s):  
Thibault Gautier ◽  
Rupesh Silwal ◽  
Aramesh Saremi ◽  
Anders Boss ◽  
Marc D. Breton
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Model Complexity ◽  
Evening Meal ◽  
Administration Timing

Background: As type 2 diabetes (T2D) progresses, intensification to combination therapies, such as iGlarLixi (a fixed-ratio GLP-1 RA and basal insulin combination), may be required. Here a simulation study was used to assess the effect of iGlarLixi administration timing (am vs pm) on blood sugar profiles. Methods: Models of lixisenatide were built with a selection procedure, optimizing measurement fits and model complexity, and were included in a pre-existing T2D simulation platform containing glargine models. With the resulting tool, a simulated trial was conducted with 100 in-silico participants with T2D. Individuals were given iGLarLixi either before breakfast or before an evening meal for 2 weeks and daily glycemic profiles were analyzed. In the model, breakfast was considered the largest meal of the day. Results: A similar percentage of time within 24 hours was spent with blood sugar levels between 70 to 180 mg/dL when iGlarLixi was administered pre-breakfast or pre-evening meal (73% vs 71%, respectively). Overall percent of time with blood glucose levels above 180 mg/dL within a 24-hour period was similar when iGlarLixi was administered pre-breakfast or pre-evening meal (26% vs 28%, respectively). Rates of hypoglycemia were low in both regimens, with a blood glucose concentration of below 70 mg/dL only observed for 1% of the 24-hour time period for either timing of administration. Conclusions: Good efficacy was observed when iGlarlixi was administered pre-breakfast; however, administration of iGlarlixi pre-evening meal was also deemed to be effective, even though in the model the size of the evening meal was smaller than that of the breakfast.

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