scholarly journals The Effect of Injection Timings on Performance and Emissions of Compressed Natural-Gas Direct Injection Engine

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Aljamali ◽  
Shahrir Abdullah ◽  
Wan Moh Faizal Wan Mahmood ◽  
Yusoff Ali
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Engine Control ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Engine Control System ◽  
Performance And Emissions

This experimental part investigates the effect of injection timing on performance and emissions of homogenous mixture compressed natural-gas direct injection. The engine of 1.6 L capacity, 4 cylinders, spark ignition, and compression ratio of 14 was used. Performance and emission were recorded under wide-open throttle using an engine control system (Rotronics) and the portable exhaust gas analyser (Kane). The engine was tested at speed ranging from 1500 revolutions per minute (RPM) to 4000 RPM with 500 RPM increments. The engine control unit (ECU) was modified using Motec 800. The injection timings investigated were at the end of injection (EOI) 120 bTDC, 180 bTDC, 300 bTDC, and 360 bTDC. Results show high brake power, torque, and BMEP with 120 as compared with the other injection timings. At 4000 RPM the power, torque, and BMEP with 120 were 5% compared to that with 180. Furthermore, it shows low BSFC and high fuel conversion efficiency with 120. With 360, the engine produced less CO and CO2at higher speeds.

scholarly journals The Effect of High Carbon Dioxide Content on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Direct Injection (DI) Compressed Natural Gas Engine

2014 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Wasiu B. Ayandotun ◽  
A. Rashid A. Aziz ◽  
Morgan R. Heikal
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Cng Engine ◽  
High Carbon Dioxide

This paper investigates the potential of utilizing the undeveloped natural gas fields in Malaysia with high carbon dioxide (CO2) content ranging from 28 to 87%. For this experiment, various CO2 proportions by volume were added to pure natural gas as a way of simulating raw natural gas compositions in these fields. The experimental tests were carried out using a 4-stroke single cylinder spark ignition (SI) direct injection (DI) compressed natural gas (CNG) engine. The tests were carried out at 180°CA BTDC injection timing and 3000 rpm, to establish the effects on the engine performance. The findings revealed that the brake torque decreased by 9% with 20% CO2 proportion in the mixture due to the decrease in the heating value of the mixture. At the same proportion of CO2, the brake specific fuel consumption decreased by about 8.5% and the brake thermal efficiency increased by 9.2%. There was a reduction in the unburnt hydrocarbons (THC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions by 15% and 89% respectively, but the NOx emissions increased by 78%. The utilization of natural gas with 20% CO2 content as fuel in DI-CNG engine was found to be viable with insignificant drop in engine performance and with reductions in exhaust emissions.

Reduction of emissions in an automotive direct injection diesel engine dual-fuelled with natural gas by using variable exhaust gas recirculation

2003 ◽  
Vol 217 (8) ◽  
pp. 719-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Pirouzpanah ◽  
R Khoshbakhti Sarai
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Pilot Fuel ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gas Recirculation

An experimental study was conducted to determine the performance and exhaust emission characteristics of an automotive direct injection dual-fuelled diesel engine. Natural gas was used such that 65 per cent of engine brake power was supplied from compressed natural gas and the rest was supplied from diesel fuel. The objective of this work is to investigate the possibility of decreasing exhaust emission with the lowest performance sacrifice. At part loads, a dual-fuelled engine inevitably suffers from lower thermal efficiency and higher carbon monoxide (CO) emission. This is mainly due to leaner mixture and incomplete combustion, which is a consequence of the smaller amount of pilot fuel. To resolve these problems, the e ects of cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) were investigated. The experimental results show that the application of EGR, at higher loads with 10 per cent EGR and at part loads with 15 per cent EGR, can considerably reduce NO x and other exhaust emissions such as unburned hydrocarbons, CO and soot. Results show that the performance parameters almost remain at the baseline engine level.

scholarly journals Experimental investigation on performance and emission characteristics of diesel - Jatropha methyl ester blends fueled diesel engine at optimum engine operating parameters

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Venkatraman ◽  
G. Devaradjane
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Blended Fuel

In the present investigation, tests were carried out to determine engine performance, combustion and emissions of a naturally aspirated direct injection diesel engine fueled with diesel and Jatropha Methyl ester and their blends (JME10, JME20 and JME30). Comparison of performance and emission was done for different values of compression ratio, injection pressure and injection timing to find best possible combination for operating engine with JME. It is found that the combined compression ratio of 19:1, injection pressure of 240 bar and injection timing of 27?bTDC increases the BTHE and reduces BSFC while having lower emissions.From the investigation, it is concluded that the both performance and emissions can considerably improved for Methyl ester of jatropha oil blended fuel JME20 compared to diesel.

scholarly journals Comparison of Propane and Methane Performance and Emissions in a Turbocharged Direct Injection Dual Fuel Engine

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Gibson ◽  
A. C. Polk ◽  
N. T. Shoemaker ◽  
K. K. Srinivasan ◽  
S. R. Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Particulate Matter Emissions ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Di Diesel Engine ◽  
Total Hydrocarbons ◽  
Dual Fueling

With increasingly restrictive NOx and particulate matter emissions standards, the recent discovery of new natural gas reserves, and the possibility of producing propane efficiently from biomass sources, dual fueling strategies have become more attractive. This paper presents experimental results from dual fuel operation of a four-cylinder turbocharged direct injection (DI) diesel engine with propane or methane (a natural gas surrogate) as the primary fuel and diesel as the ignition source. Experiments were performed with the stock engine control unit at a constant speed of 1800 rpm, and a wide range of brake mean effective pressures (BMEPs) (2.7–11.6 bars) and percent energy substitutions (PESs) of C3H8 and CH4. Brake thermal efficiencies (BTEs) and emissions (NOx, smoke, total hydrocarbons (THCs), CO, and CO2) were measured. Maximum PES levels of about 80–95% with CH4 and 40–92% with C3H8 were achieved. Maximum PES was limited by poor combustion efficiencies and engine misfire at low loads for both C3H8 and CH4, and the onset of knock above 9 bar BMEP for C3H8. While dual fuel BTEs were lower than straight diesel BTEs at low loads, they approached diesel BTE values at high loads. For dual fuel operation, NOx and smoke reductions (from diesel values) were as high as 66–68% and 97%, respectively, but CO and THC emissions were significantly higher with increasing PES at all engine loads.

Correlation of Ignitability with Injection Timing for Direct Injection Combustion Fuelled with Compressed Natural Gas and Gasoline

2003 ◽  
Vol 217 (6) ◽  
pp. 499-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Huang ◽  
S Shiga ◽  
T Ueda ◽  
H Nakamura ◽  
T Ishima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Electrode Gap ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Study Results

A study on the correlation of ignitability with fuel injection timing for direct injection combustion fuelled with natural gas and gasoline was carried out by using a rapid compression machine. The injection pressure of natural gas is 9 MPa and the injection pressure of gasoline is 7 MPa. The study results show that natural gas direct injection possesses higher momentum than that of gasoline, and this is beneficial to the combustion enhancement since a higher intensity of turbulence could be induced. Correlation of ignitability with injection timing shows better behaviour in natural gas direct injection, and this correlation is insensitive to injection modes in the case of natural gas. Thus, natural gas direct injection would have better engine applicability under cold-start conditions. The lean burn limits of natural gas and gasoline direct injection can extend to extremely low equivalence ratio when the ignitable stratified mixture exists around the spark electrode gap by optimizing the injection timing.

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