scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Assessment in Response to Ultraendurance Exercise: Thiols Redox Status and ROS Production according to Duration of a Competitive Race

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Vezzoli ◽  
Cinzia Dellanoce ◽  
Simona Mrakic-Sposta ◽  
Michela Montorsi ◽  
Sarah Moretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Exercise Duration ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples

Purpose. Response to an ultraendurance competitive race on thiols redox status, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and oxidative stress (OxS) was investigated according to duration.Methods. Twenty-four elite runners were examined: six completed 50 km and eighteen 100 km. Blood and urine samples were collected before and immediately after the race. Erythrocytes and plasma aminothiols by high-performance liquid chromatography, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and OxS biomarkers (protein carbonyl (PC), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), 8-isoprostane (8-iso-PGF2α), and 8-OH-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG)) by immunoenzymatic assays and ROS production by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance were assessed.Results. Significant increases (Pbetween <0.05 and <0.0001) were recorded in plasma total and oxidized aminothiols concentration and TAC (P<0.0001) only after 100 km: plasmatic (ROS production (+12 versus +29%), PC (+54 versus +115%), and TBARS (+28 versus +55%)) and urinary (8-OH-dG.creatinine−1(+71 versus +158%) and 8-iso-PGF2α.creatinine−1(+43 versus +135%)) concentrations for 50 and 100 km (duration 4 h 3′ versus 8 h 42′), respectively.Conclusion. Very prolonged ultraendurance exercise causes an increase in ROS production and OxS depending on specific biomarker examined but always linearly and directly related to exercise duration. Redox status of erythrocytes was preserved. A relationship between running performance and both prerace ROS production and antioxidant-redox status was found in 100 km race.

scholarly journals Acute Effects of Triathlon Race on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Simona Mrakic-Sposta ◽  
Maristella Gussoni ◽  
Alessandra Vezzoli ◽  
Cinzia Dellanoce ◽  
Mario Comassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Training Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Parameters

The response to strenuous exercise was investigated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, oxidative damage, thiol redox status, and inflammation assessments in 32 enrolled triathlon athletes (41.9±7.9 yrs) during Ironman® (IR), or half Ironman® (HIR) competition. In biological samples, inflammatory cytokines, aminothiols (glutathione (GSH), homocysteine (Hcy), cysteine (Cys), and cysteinylglycine (CysGly)), creatinine and neopterin, oxidative stress (OxS) biomarkers (protein carbonyl (PC), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS)), and ROS were assessed. Thirteen HIR and fourteen IR athletes finished the race. Postrace, ROS (HIR +20%; IR +28%; p<0.0001), TBARS (HIR +57%; IR +101%), PC (HIR +101%; IR +130%) and urinary neopterin (HIR +19%, IR +27%) significantly (range p<0.05-0.0001) increased. Moreover, HIR showed an increase in total Cys +28%, while IR showed total aminothiols, Cys, Hcy, CysGly, and GSH increase by +48, +30, +58, and +158%, respectively (range p<0.05-0.0001). ROS production was significantly correlated with TBARS and PC (R2=0.38 and R2=0.40; p<0.0001) and aminothiols levels (range R2=0.17-0.47; range p<0.01-0.0001). In particular, ROS was directly correlated with the athletes’ age (R2=0.19; p<0.05), with ultraendurance years of training (R2=0.18; p<0.05) and the days/week training activity (R2=0.16; p<0.05). Finally, the days/week training activity (hours/in the last 2 weeks) was found inversely correlated with the IL-6 postrace (R2=‐0.21; p<0.01). A strenuous performance, the Ironman® distance triathlon competition, alters the oxidant/antioxidant balance through a great OxS response that is directly correlated to the inflammatory parameters; furthermore, the obtained data suggest that an appropriate training time has to be selected in order to achieve the lowest ROS production and IL-6 concentration at the same time.

scholarly journals TUALANG HONEY ATTENUATES KAINIC ACID-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN RAT CEREBELLUM AND BRAINSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Shafika Mohd Sairazi ◽  
K. N. S. Sirajudeen ◽  
Mustapha Muzaimi ◽  
Mummedy Swamy ◽  
Mohd Asnizam Asari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Rat Cerebellum ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Multiple Time Points ◽  
Tualang Honey

Objective: The present study examined the protective effect of tualang honey (TH) against kainic acid (KA)-induced oxidative stress in the cerebellum and brainstem of rats.Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: Control, KA-treated, TH+KA-treated, and topiramate (TPM, an antiepileptic agent)+KA-treated groups. Rats were pretreated orally with drinking water, TH (1.0 g/kg body weight), or TPM (40 mg/kg body weight), respectively, five times at 12 h intervals. Saline or KA (15 mg/kg body weight) were injected subcutaneously 30 min after last oral treatment. Rats were sacrificed at 2 h, 24 h, and 48 h after KA administration. Oxidative stress markers were analyzed in different brain regions (cerebellum and brainstem) 2 h, 24 h, and 48 h after KA administration.Results: KA caused significant (p<0.05) elevation in the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level, protein carbonyl contents, and nitric oxide production, impairment of glutathione system, and a significant reduction in the total antioxidant status in the rat cerebellum and brainstem at multiple time-points, as compared to control groups. Pretreatment with TH significantly (p<0.05) reduced the elevation in the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level, protein carbonyl contents, and nitric oxide production and increasing a reduction in the total antioxidant status in the rat cerebellum and brainstem induced by KA at multiple time-points, as compared to KA only-treated group.Conclusion: Taken together, this study suggests that TH has therapeutic potential in reducing oxidative stress in the cerebellum and brainstem of KA-induced rats via its antioxidant property.

scholarly journals Buprenorphine and Methadone as Opioid Maintenance Treatments for Heroin-Addicted Patients Induce Oxidative Stress in Blood

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christonikos Leventelis ◽  
Nikolaos Goutzourelas ◽  
Aikaterini Kortsinidou ◽  
Ypatios Spanidis ◽  
Georgia Toulia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Beneficial Action ◽  
The Impact

Buprenorphine and methadone are two substances widely used in the substitution treatment of patients who are addicted to opioids. Although it is known that they partly act efficiently towards this direction, there is no evidence regarding their effects on the redox status of patients, a mechanism that could potentially improve their action. Therefore, the aim of the present investigation was to examine the impact of buprenorphine and methadone, which are administered as substitutes to heroin-dependent patients on specific redox biomarkers in the blood. From the results obtained, both the buprenorphine (n=21) and the methadone (n=21) groups exhibited oxidative stress and compromised antioxidant defence. This was evident by the decreased glutathione (GSH) concentration and catalase activity in erythrocytes and the increased concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyls in the plasma, while there was no significant alteration of plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) compared to the healthy individuals (n=29). Furthermore, methadone revealed more severe oxidant action compared to buprenorphine. Based on relevant studies, the tested substitutes mitigate the detrimental effects of heroin on patient redox status; still it appears that they need to be boosted. Therefore, concomitant antioxidant administration could potentially enhance their beneficial action, and most probably, buprenorphine that did not induce oxidative stress in such a severe mode as methadone, on the regulation of blood redox status.

Effects of chromium supplementation on oxidative Stress biomarkers

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Amini ◽  
Fatemeh Sheikhhossein ◽  
Farhang Djafari ◽  
Alireza Jafari ◽  
Kurosh Djafarian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Chromium Picolinate ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Abstract. Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of chromium supplementation on oxidative stress biomarkers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), catalase (CAT), nitric oxide (NO), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and protein carbonyl. Methods: Relevant studies, published from inception until July 2019, were searched through PubMed/Medline, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar. All randomized clinical trials investigating the effect of chromium supplementation on oxidative stress were included. Results: Out of 252 citations, 10 trials that enrolled 595 subjects were included. Chromium supplementation resulted in a significant increase in GSH (WMD: 64.79 mg/dl, 95% CI: 22.43 to 107.15; P=0.003) but no significant change in MDA, TAS, TBARS levels, SOD, CAT levels and GPX. Chromium picolinate supplementation resulted in a significant increase in TAC while failing to have a significant effect on NO. Moreover, both chromium picolinate and chromium dinicocysteinate supplementation reduced protein carbonyl levels. Conclusion: Overall, this meta-analysis demonstrated that chromium supplementation increased GSH without any significant changes in the mean of GPX, MDA, TAS, TBARS, CAT and SOD.

scholarly journals Change in Oxidative Stress Biomarkers During 30 Days in Saturation Dive: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7118
Author(s):  
Simona Mrakic-Sposta ◽  
Alessandra Vezzoli ◽  
Federica D’Alessandro ◽  
Matteo Paganini ◽  
Cinzia Dellanoce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Decompression Sickness ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Level Elevation ◽  
Nitric Oxide Metabolites ◽  
Stress Damage

Saturation diving allows divers to reduce the risk of decompression sickness while working at depth for prolonged periods but may increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Such modifications can affect endothelial function by exacerbating oxidative stress. This study investigated the effects of saturation diving on oxidative stress damage. Redox status was evaluated through: ROS production; total antioxidant capacity (TAC); nitric oxide metabolites (NOx); nitrotyrosine (3-NT); and lipid peroxidation (8-iso-PGF2α) assessment. Creatinine and neopterin were analyzed as markers of renal function and damage. Measurements were performed on saliva and urine samples obtained at four time points: pre; deep; post; and 24 h post. Four divers were included in the study. After the saturation dive (post), significant (p < 0.05) increases in ROS (0.12 ± 0.03 vs. 0.36 ± 0.06 µmol.min−1), TAC (1.88 ± 0.03 vs. 2.01 ± 0.08 mM), NOx (207.0 ± 103.3 vs. 441.8 ± 97.3 µM), 3-NT (43.32 ± 18.03 vs. 18.64 ± 7.45 nM·L−1), and 8-iso-PGF2α (249.7 ± 45.1 vs. 371.9 ± 54.9 pg·mg−1 creatinine) were detected. Markers of renal damage were increased as well after the end of the saturation dive (creatinine 0.54 ± 0.22 vs. 2.72 ± 1.12 g-L−1; neopterin 73.3 ± 27.9 vs. 174.3 ± 20.53 μmol·mol−1 creatinine). These results could ameliorate commercial or military diving protocols or improve the understanding of symptoms caused by oxygen level elevation.

Acute exercise markedly increases blood oxidative stress in boys and girls

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michalis G. Nikolaidis ◽  
Antonios Kyparos ◽  
Marina Hadziioannou ◽  
Neraida Panou ◽  
Leonidas Samaras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Calculated Effect ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Exercise Induced

This study investigated the effect of an acute swimming protocol on selected blood redox status indices in trained children. Eleven boys and 11 girls (aged 9–11 y) swam 12 bouts of 50 m at a pace corresponding to 70%–75% of the participant’s 50 m maximum velocity, with each bout separated by 1 min rest periods. At rest, no differences in any redox status marker between boys and girls were observed. As compared with the pre-exercise values, significant increases in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyls, catalase activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) concentration, as well as significant decreases in reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration and GSH:GSSG, were found post-exercise in both boys and girls. The magnitude of the exercise-induced alterations in the blood redox status based on the calculated effect sizes could be considered large for all parameters in both sexes (median effect size in absolute values was equal to 1.38). The main finding of the present study is that an acute swimming bout at 70%–75% maximum velocity resulted in blood oxidative stress in a similar manner in both trained young boys and girls.

scholarly journals Increased Oxidative Stress in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients after Red Blood Cell Transfusion, but Not Platelet Transfusion, Results Mainly from the Oxidative/Nitrative Protein Damage: An Exploratory Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1349
Author(s):  
Kamila Czubak-Prowizor ◽  
Jacek Trelinski ◽  
Paulina Stelmach ◽  
Piotr Stelmach ◽  
Agnieszka Madon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Red Blood Cell Transfusion ◽  
Packed Red Blood Cells ◽  
Chronic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Chronic oxidative stress (OS) can be an important factor of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) progression; however, there are no data on the extent/consequence of OS after transfusion of packed red blood cells (pRBCs) and platelet concentrates (PCs), which are commonly used in the treatment of leukemia-associated anemia and thrombocytopenia. We aimed to investigate the effects of pRBC/PC transfusion on the OS markers, i.e., thiol and carbonyl (CO) groups, 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), advanced glycation end products (AGE), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), SOD, GST, and LDH, in the blood plasma of AML patients, before and 24 h post-transfusion. In this exploratory study, 52 patients were examined, of which 27 were transfused with pRBCs and 25 with PCs. Age-matched healthy subjects were also enrolled as controls. Our results showed the oxidation of thiols, increased 3-NT, AGE levels, and decreased TAC in AML groups versus controls. After pRBC transfusion, CO groups, AGE, and 3-NT significantly increased (by approximately 30, 23, and 35%; p < 0.05, p < 0.05, and p < 0.01, respectively) while thiols reduced (by 18%; p < 0.05). The PC transfusion resulted in the raise of TBARS and AGE (by 45%; p < 0.01 and 31%; p < 0.001), respectively). Other variables showed no significant post-transfusion changes. In conclusion, transfusion of both pRBCs and PCs was associated with an increased OS; however, transfusing the former may have more severe consequences, since it is associated with the irreversible oxidative/nitrative modifications of plasma proteins.

scholarly journals Are insulin-resistance and oxidative stress cause or consequence of aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 245 (14) ◽  
pp. 1260-1267
Author(s):  
Sylwia Dzięgielewska-Gęsiak ◽  
Dorota Stołtny ◽  
Alicja Brożek ◽  
Małgorzata Muc-Wierzgoń ◽  
Ewa Wysocka
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Antioxidant Markers

Insulin resistance (IR) may be associated with oxidative stress and leads to cardiovascular disorders. Current research focuses on interplay between insulin-resistance indices and oxidant-antioxidant markers in elderly individuals with or without insulin-resistance. The assessment involved anthropometric data (weight, height, BMI, percentage of body fat (FAT)) and biochemical tests (glucose, lipids, serum insulin and plasma oxidant-antioxidant markers: Thiobarbituric Acid-Reacting Substances (TBARS), Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) and total antioxidant status). Insulin resistance index (IR) assuming a cut-off point of 0.3 allows to divides groups into: insulin sensitive group (InsS) IR < 0,3 ( n = 35, median age 69.0 years) and insulin-resistant group (InsR) IR ≥ 0.3 ( n = 51, median age 71.0 years). Lipids and antioxidant defense system markers did not differentiate the investigated groups. In the InsR elderly group, the FAT was increased ( P < 0.000003) and TBARS ( P = 0.008) concentration decreased in comparison with InsS group. A positive correlation for SOD-1 and total antioxidant status ( P < 0.05; r =  0.434) and a negative correlation for TBARS and age ( P < 0.05 with r = −0.421) were calculated in InsR individuals. In elderly individuals, oxidative stress persists irrespective of insulin-resistance status. We suggest that increased oxidative stress may be consequence of old age. An insulin action identifies those at high risk for atherosclerosis, via congruent associations with oxidative stress and extra- and intra-cellular antioxidant defense systems. Thus, we maintain that insulin-resistance is not the cause of aging. Impact statement Insulin resistance is associated with oxidative stress leading to cardiovascular diseases. However, little research has been performed examining elderly individuals with or without insulin-resistance. We demonstrate that antioxidant defense systems alone is not able to abrogate insulin action in elderly individuals at high risk for atherosclerosis, whereas the combined oxidant-antioxidant markers (thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS), Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), and total antioxidant status (TAS)) might be more efficient and perhaps produce better clinical outcome. In fact, a decrease in oxidative stress and strong interaction between antioxidant defense can be seen only among insulin-resistant elderly individuals. This is, in our opinion, valuable information for clinicians, since insulin-resistance is considered strong cardiovascular risk factor.

scholarly journals Redox Status in Women with Rheumathoid Arthritis

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Vranic ◽  
Aleksandra Antovic ◽  
Nevena Draginic ◽  
Marijana Andjic ◽  
Marko Ravic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Female Population

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess oxidative status and to set baseline characteristics for female population with established rheumatoid arthritis. Total of 42 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 48 age- and sex-matched controls were included in the study. Clinical examination was performed and assessed disease activity. Peripheral blood samples were used for all the assays. The markers of oxidative stress were assessed, including plasma levels of index of lipid peroxidation - thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion radical, nitrites and activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and reduced glutathione levels as antioxidant parameters. In the patients group, levels of hydrogen peroxide and index of lipid peroxidation were higher than in controls. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis had decreased superoxide dismutase and catalase activity compared to healthy subjects. Interestingly, controls had higher levels of nitrites compared to patients. Patients showed a marked increase in reactive oxygen species formation and lipid peroxidation as well as decrease in the activity of antioxidant defense system leading to oxidative stress which may contribute to tissue and cartilage damage and hence to the chronicity of the disease.

Lipid Peroxidation, Protein Oxidation, Gelatinases, and Their Inhibitors in a Group of Adults with Obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (06) ◽  
pp. 389-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregorio Caimi ◽  
Baldassare Canino ◽  
Maria Montana ◽  
Caterina Urso ◽  
Vincenzo Calandrino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Protein Oxidation ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Obese Subjects

AbstractThe association between obesity and cardiovascular diseases has a multifactorial pathogenesis, including the synthesis of inflammatory molecules, the increase in oxidative stress and the dysregulation of the matrix metalloprotease (MMP) concentration and activity. In a group of adults with obesity, divided in 2 subgroups according to the body mass index (BMI), we examined lipid peroxidation, expressed as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), protein oxidation, expressed as protein carbonyl groups (PCs), plasma gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9), and their tissue inhibitors (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2). In the whole group, as well as in the 2 subgroups (with BMI 30–35 or BMI>35) of obese subjects, we observed an increase in TBARS, PCs, MMP-2, and MMP-9, and also TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in comparison with the control group. A positive correlation between TBARS and PCs emerged in obese subjects and persisted after dividing obese subjects according to BMI. The correlation between MMP-2 and TIMP-2 was not statistically significant, while a significant correlation was present between MMP-9 and TIMP-1. The correlations between the markers of oxidative stress (TBARS and PCs) and those of the MMP/TIMP profile indicated a more marked influence of protein oxidation on MMPs and TIMPs in comparison with TBARS. The innovative aspect of our study was the simultaneous evaluation of oxidative stress markers and MMP/TIMP profile in adult obese subjects. We observed significant alterations and correlations that may negatively influence the clinical course of the disease.

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