scholarly journals Ciprofloxacin Improves the Stemness of Human Dermal Papilla Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chayanin Kiratipaiboon ◽  
Parkpoom Tengamnuay ◽  
Pithi Chanvorachote
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition

Improvement in the expansion method of adult stem cells may augment their use in regenerative therapy. Using human dermal papilla cell line as well as primary dermal papilla cells as model systems, the present study demonstrated that ciprofloxacin treatment could prevent the loss of stemness during culture. Clonogenicity and stem cell markers of dermal papilla cells were shown to gradually decrease in the culture in a time-dependent manner. Treatment of the cells with nontoxic concentrations of ciprofloxacin could maintain both stem cell morphology and clonogenicity, as well as all stem cells markers. We found that ciprofloxacin exerted its effect through ATP-dependent tyrosine kinase/glycogen synthase kinase3βdependent mechanism which in turn upregulatedβ-catenin. Besides, ciprofloxacin was shown to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition in DPCs as the transcription factors ZEB1 and Snail were significantly increased. Furthermore, the self-renewal proteins of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, namely, Nanog and Oct-4 were significantly upregulated in the ciprofloxacin-treated cells. The effects of ciprofloxacin in preserving stem cell features were confirmed in the primary dermal papilla cells directly obtained from human hair follicles. Together, these results revealed a novel application of ciprofloxacin for stem cell maintenance and provided the underlying mechanisms that are responsible for the stemness in dermal papilla cells.

scholarly journals Morphogenetic Mechanisms in the Cyclic Regeneration of Hair Follicles and Deer Antlers from Stem Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyi Li ◽  
Allan Pearson ◽  
Chris McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Comprehensive Comparison ◽  
Cyclic Regeneration ◽  
Cell Niche

We have made comparisons between hair follicles (HFs) and antler units (AUs)—two seemingly unrelated mammalian organs. HFs are tiny and concealed within skin, whereas AUs are gigantic and grown externally for visual display. However, these two organs share some striking similarities. Both consist of permanent and cyclic/temporary components and undergo stem-cell-based organogenesis and cyclic regeneration. Stem cells of both organs reside in the permanent part and the growth centres are located in the temporary part of each respective organ. Organogenesis and regeneration of both organs depend on epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Establishment of these interactions requires stem cells and reactive/niche cells (dermal papilla cells for HFs and epidermal cells for AUs) to be juxtaposed, which is achieved through destruction of the cyclic part to bring the reactive cells into close proximity to the respective stem cell niche. Developments of HFs and AUs are regulated by similar endocrine (particularly testosterone) and paracrine (particularly IGF1) factors. Interestingly, these two organs come to interplay during antlerogenesis. In conclusion, we believe that investigators from the fields of both HF and AU biology could greatly benefit from a comprehensive comparison between these two organs.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Stem Cell-Like Characteristics of Cancer Cells in an IL-1β-Dependent Manner

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohe Luo ◽  
Shan Huang ◽  
Ningning He ◽  
Chen Liu ◽  
Yanan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Side Population ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Dependent Manner

To ensure the safety of clinical applications of MSCs, thorough understanding of their impacts on tumor initiation and progression is essential. Here, to further explore the complex dialog between MSCs and tumor cells, umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) were employed to be cocultured with either breast or ovarian cancer cells. Though having no obvious influence on proliferation or apoptosis, UC-MSCs exerted intense stem cell-like properties promoting effects on both cancer models. Cocultured cancer cells showed enriched side population, enhanced sphere formation ability, and upregulated pluripotency-associated stem cell markers. Human cytokine array and real-time PCR revealed a panel of MSC-derived prostemness cytokines CCL2, CXCL1, IL-8, and IL-6 which were induced upon coculturing. We further revealed IL-1β, a well-characterized proinflammatory cytokine, to be the inducer of these prostemness cytokines, which was generated from inflammatory UC-MSCs in an autocrine manner. Additionally, with introduction of IL-1RA (an IL-1 receptor antagonist) into the coculturing system, the stem cell-like characteristics promoting effects of inflammatory UC-MSCs were partially blocked. Taken together, these findings suggest that transduced inflammatory MSCs work as a major source of IL-1β in tumor microenvironment and initiate the formation of prostemness niche via regulating their secretome in an IL-1β-dependent manner.

scholarly journals Preclinical and Clinical Studies Demonstrate That the Proprietary Herbal Extract DA-5512 Effectively Stimulates Hair Growth and Promotes Hair Health

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Young Yu ◽  
Biki Gupta ◽  
Hyoung Geun Park ◽  
Miwon Son ◽  
Joon-Ho Jun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Hair Growth ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells

The proprietary DA-5512 formulation comprises six herbal extracts from traditional oriental plants historically associated with therapeutic and other applications related to hair. Here, we investigated the effects of DA-5512 on the proliferation of human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) in vitro and on hair growth in C57BL/6 mice and conducted a clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DA-5512. DA-5512 significantly enhanced the viability of hDPCs in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05), and 100 ppm of DA-5512 and 1 μM minoxidil (MXD) significantly increased the number of Ki-67-positive cells, compared with the control group (p<0.05). MXD (3%) and DA-5512 (1%, 5%) significantly stimulated hair growth and increased the number and length of hair follicles (HFs) versus the controls (each p<0.05). The groups treated with DA-5512 exhibited hair growth comparable to that induced by MXD. In clinical study, we detected a statistically significant increase in the efficacy of DA-5512 after 16 weeks compared with the groups treated with placebo or 3% MXD (p<0.05). In conclusion, DA-5512 might promote hair growth and enhance hair health and can therefore be considered an effective option for treating hair loss.

Stem cells, stem cell niche and antler development

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyi Li ◽  
Fuhe Yang ◽  
Jimmy Suttie
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Primary Component ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Cell Niche ◽  
Transplantation Study ◽  
Antler Development ◽  
Cellular Layer

Annual full regeneration of deer antlers has been proved to be a stem cell-based process, and antler stem cells (ASC) reside in both antlerogenic periosteum (AP) and pedicle periosteum (PP). In this review, we first put forward a hypothesis that the closely associated skin is the primary component of ASC niche and then provide results testing this hypothesis. Membrane insertion experiments confirmed that interactions between ASC and the associated skin are indispensible for both antler generation and regeneration, and these are achieved through exchanging diffusible molecules. Intradermal AP transplantation study demonstrated that both epidermal and dermal papilla cells are involved in these interactions. Further, the AP inversion experiment indicated that the initial inductive signal originates from the ASC resident in the AP cellular layer, although the AP fibrous layer is naturally adjacent to skin. Experimental manipulation to the niche has profound effects on antler development. We believe that eventual identification of these interactive molecules will not only greatly enhance our knowledge of antler development, but also have significant impacts on regenerative medicine in general.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory Effect of Urine-derived Stem Cells on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases via Downregulating Th1/Th17 Immune Responses in a PGE2-dependent Manner

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 654-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Zhou ◽  
Xian-Rui Wu ◽  
Hua-Shan Liu ◽  
Xuan-Hui Liu ◽  
Gui-Hua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effect ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Bowel Diseases

Abstract Background and Aims Despite the therapeutic promise of stem cell therapy in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD], most donor cell populations have to be obtained via invasive approaches and often remain insufficiently validated. Urine-derived stem cells [USC] were recently shown to have regenerative properties and can be harvested in a safe, low-cost, and noninvasive way. This study aims to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of USC and their efficacy in the management of IBD. Methods Human USC were isolated and expanded from the urine of healthy male adult volunteers [n = 3, age range 24–30 years]. USC were characterised by cell surface marker expression profile and multipotent differentiation. The in vitro immunomodulatory effect of USC was evaluated by co-culturing with human CD4+ T cells upon stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin [PHA]. The proliferation of CD4+ T was measured by fluorescence-activated cell sorting [FACS]. Cytokine array and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR] were applied to examine cytokine levels. In vivo therapeutic value of USC was assessed using a murine colitis model induced by dextran sulphate sodium [DSS] or 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid [TNBS]. The immunomodulatory effect of USC and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells [BMSC] was compared when co-cultured with CD4+ T cells. The therapeutic efficacy of USC and BMSC on IBD was compared when administered in an acute DSS model in vivo. Results USC were positive for mesenchymal stem cell markers but were negative for haematopoietic stem cell markers. These cells differentiated into osteo-, adipo-, and chondrogenic cell lineages. Similar to BMSC, the proliferation of CD4+ T cells was significantly inhibited when co-cultured with USC, as a consequence of Th1/Th17 immune response inhibition. Systemic administration of USC significantly ameliorated the clinical and histopathological severity of colitis and increased the survival rate in both acute and chronic murine colitis models. Moreover, implantation of USC led to downregulation of the Th1/Th17 immune responses in a PGE2-dependent manner. Conclusions This study demonstrated that implantation of USC reduces inflammation in an IBD rodent model via downregulation of Th1/Th17 immune responses, indicating that USC therapy serves as a potential cell-based therapeutic candidate treatment for IBD.

scholarly journals Stem cell factor/c-Kit signalling in normal and androgenetic alopecia hair follicles

2008 ◽  
Vol 197 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie A Randall ◽  
Tracey J Jenner ◽  
Nigel A Hibberts ◽  
Isabel O De Oliveira ◽  
Tayyebeh Vafaee
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Factor ◽  
Hair Growth ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Androgenetic Alopecia ◽  
Hair Colour ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Factor C

Androgens stimulate many hair follicles to alter hair colour and size via the hair growth cycle; in androgenetic alopecia tiny, pale hairs gradually replace large, pigmented ones. Since stem cell factor (SCF) is important in embryonic melanocyte migration and maintaining adult rodent pigmentation, we investigated SCF/c-Kit signalling in human hair follicles to determine whether this was altered in androgenetic alopecia. Quantitative immunohistochemistry detected three melanocyte-lineage markers and c-Kit in four focus areas: the epidermis, infundibulum, hair bulb (where pigment is formed) and mid-follicle outer root sheath (ORS). Colocalisation confirmed melanocyte c-Kit expression; cultured follicular melanocytes also exhibited c-Kit. Few ORS cells expressed differentiated melanocyte markers or c-Kit, but NKI/beteb antibody, which also recognises early melanocyte-lineage antigens, identified fourfold more cells, confirmed by colocalisation. Occasional similar bulbar cells were seen. Melanocyte distribution, concentration and c-Kit expression were unaltered in balding follicles. Androgenetic alopecia cultured dermal papilla cells secreted less SCF, measured by ELISA, than normal cells. This identifies three types of melanocyte-lineage cells in human follicles. The c-Kit expression by dendritic, pigmenting, bulbar melanocytes and rounded, differentiated, non-pigmenting ORS melanocytes implicate SCF in maintaining pigmentation and migration into regenerating hair bulbs. Less differentiated, c-Kit-independent cells in the mid-follicle ORS stem cell niche and occasionally in the bulb, presumably a local reserve for long scalp hair growth, implicate other factors in activating stem cells. Androgens appear to reduce alopecia hair colour by inhibiting dermal papilla SCF production, impeding bulbar melanocyte pigmentation. These results may facilitate new treatments for hair colour changes in hirsutism, alopecia or greying.

scholarly journals Poor Capability of 3D-Cultured Adipose-Derived Stem Cells to Induce Hair Follicles in Contrast to 3D-Cultured Dermal Papilla Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Hoon Seo ◽  
Mi Hee Kwack ◽  
Soo-Hong Lee ◽  
Moon Kyu Kim ◽  
Jung Chul Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells

scholarly journals Blackcurrant Extract with Phytoestrogen Activity Alleviates Hair Loss in Ovariectomized Rats

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Nanashima ◽  
Kayo Horie
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hair Loss ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Stem Cell Marker ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Keratin 19 ◽  
Female Pattern Hair Loss

Ancocyanin-rich blackcurrant extract (BCE) has phytoestrogen activity; however, its effect on hair follicles is unknown. Additionally, hair loss is known to occur during menopause in women owing to decreased estrogen secretion. This study examined whether BCE alleviated female pattern hair loss using a rat model. RNA was extracted and analyzed using a microarray and ingenuity pathway analysis. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that 1 μg/mL BCE altered many genes downstream of beta-estradiol in human hair dermal papilla cells. Additionally, the expression of the hair follicle stem cell marker keratin 19 was greatly enhanced. In a menopause model, ovariectomized rats were fed a diet containing 3% BCE for three months. An analysis of the number of hair shafts revealed that BCE increased the number of hairs by 0.5 hairs/follicular unit. Moreover, immunostaining revealed that the expression of Ki67 also increased by 19%. Furthermore, fluorescent immunostaining showed that the expression of other stem cell markers, including keratin 15, CD34, and keratin 19, was induced in rat hair follicular cells. In conclusion, these findings suggest that BCE has phytoestrogen activity in hair follicles and contributes to the alleviation of hair loss in a menopausal model in rats.

scholarly journals Norcycloartocarpin targets Akt and suppresses Akt-dependent survival and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in lung cancer cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0254929
Author(s):  
Nongyao Nonpanya ◽  
Kittipong Sanookpan ◽  
Keerati Joyjamras ◽  
Duangdao Wichadakul ◽  
Boonchoo Sritularak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Dose Dependent

In searching for novel targeted therapeutic agents for lung cancer treatment, norcycloartocarpin from Artocarpus gomezianus was reported in this study to promisingly interacted with Akt and exerted the apoptosis induction and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition suppression. Selective cytotoxic profile of norcycloartocarpin was evidenced with approximately 2-fold higher IC50 in normal dermal papilla cells (DPCs) compared with human lung cancer A549, H460, H23, and H292 cells. We found that norcycloartocarpin suppressed anchorage-independent growth, cell migration, invasion, filopodia formation, and decreased EMT in a dose-dependent manner at 24 h, which were correlated with reduced protein levels of N-cadherin, Vimentin, Slug, p-FAK, p-Akt, as well as Cdc42. In addition, norcycloartocarpin activated apoptosis caspase cascade associating with restoration of p53, down-regulated Bcl-2 and augmented Bax in A549 and H460 cells. Interestingly, norcycloartocarpin showed potential inhibitory role on protein kinase B (Akt) the up-stream dominant molecule controlling EMT and apoptosis. Computational molecular docking analysis further confirmed that norcycloartocarpin has the best binding affinity of -12.52 kcal/mol with Akt protein at its critical active site. As Akt has recently recognized as an attractive molecular target for therapeutic approaches, these findings support its use as a plant-derived anticancer agent in cancer therapy.

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