scholarly journals Bionic Design for Mars Sampling Scoop Inspired by Himalayan Marmot Claw

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Xue ◽  
Rong Rong Zhang ◽  
Wei Zong ◽  
Jia Feng Song ◽  
Meng Zou
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Resistance Torque ◽  
Claw Toes ◽  
Cubic Polynomial ◽  
And Function ◽  
Himalayan Marmot

Cave animals are often adapted to digging and life underground, with claw toes similar in structure and function to a sampling scoop. In this paper, the clawed toes of the Himalayan marmot were selected as a biological prototype for bionic research. Based on geometric parameter optimization of the clawed toes, a bionic sampling scoop for use on Mars was designed. Using a 3D laser scanner, the point cloud data of the second front claw toe was acquired. Parametric equations and contour curves for the claw were then built with cubic polynomial fitting. We obtained 18 characteristic curve equations for the internal and external contours of the claw. A bionic sampling scoop was designed according to the structural parameters of Curiosity’s sampling shovel and the contours of the Himalayan marmot’s claw. Verifying test results showed that when the penetration angle was 45° and the sampling speed was 0.33 r/min, the bionic sampling scoops’ resistance torque was 49.6% less than that of the prototype sampling scoop. When the penetration angle was 60° and the sampling speed was 0.22 r/min, the resistance torque of the bionic sampling scoop was 28.8% lower than that of the prototype sampling scoop.

Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja pada Praktikum Struktur dan Fungsi Sel Di SMA Negeri 1 Kota Jambi

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nugroho Budhiwaluyo ◽  
Rayandra Asyhar ◽  
Bambang Hariyadi
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Product Performance ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
And Function

  This research aims to produce a final product in the form of a performance-assessment instrument on Cell Structure and Function experiment. The development model is ADDIE. Based on expert's judgment, the instrument was valid and can be tested in the field. Field-test results shown that the product performs high validity and reliability value on measuring student performance on Cell Structure and Function experiment. Therefore, it is concluded that this performance-assessment instrument theoretically and practically has a good quality for measuring student performance in both process and product performance on Cell Structure and Function experiment. Keywords: Development, Performance-Assessment Instrument, Cell Structure and Function Experiment 

scholarly journals Development and Verification of a Deep Learning Algorithm to Evaluate Small-Bowel Preparation Quality

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1127
Author(s):  
Ji Hyung Nam ◽  
Dong Jun Oh ◽  
Sumin Lee ◽  
Hyun Joo Song ◽  
Yun Jeong Lim
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Deep Learning Algorithm

Capsule endoscopy (CE) quality control requires an objective scoring system to evaluate the preparation of the small bowel (SB). We propose a deep learning algorithm to calculate SB cleansing scores and verify the algorithm’s performance. A 5-point scoring system based on clarity of mucosal visualization was used to develop the deep learning algorithm (400,000 frames; 280,000 for training and 120,000 for testing). External validation was performed using additional CE cases (n = 50), and average cleansing scores (1.0 to 5.0) calculated using the algorithm were compared to clinical grades (A to C) assigned by clinicians. Test results obtained using 120,000 frames exhibited 93% accuracy. The separate CE case exhibited substantial agreement between the deep learning algorithm scores and clinicians’ assessments (Cohen’s kappa: 0.672). In the external validation, the cleansing score decreased with worsening clinical grade (scores of 3.9, 3.2, and 2.5 for grades A, B, and C, respectively, p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that a cleansing score cut-off of 2.95 indicated clinically adequate preparation. This algorithm provides an objective and automated cleansing score for evaluating SB preparation for CE. The results of this study will serve as clinical evidence supporting the practical use of deep learning algorithms for evaluating SB preparation quality.

scholarly journals 651 Longitudinal, unobtrusive, and ecologically valid sleep metric estimation from a smart bed to predict the pathology of COVID-19

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A255-A255
Author(s):  
Dmytro Guzenko ◽  
Gary Garcia ◽  
Farzad Siyahjani ◽  
Kevin Monette ◽  
Susan DeFranco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Function ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Rich Information

Abstract Introduction Pathophysiologic responses to viral respiratory challenges such as SARS-CoV-2 may affect sleep duration, quality and concomitant cardiorespiratory function. Unobtrusive and ecologically valid methods to monitor longitudinal sleep metrics may therefore have practical value for surveillance and monitoring of infectious illnesses. We leveraged sleep metrics from Sleep Number 360 smart bed users to build a COVID-19 predictive model. Methods An IRB approved survey was presented to opting-in users from August to November 2020. COVID-19 test results were reported by 2003/6878 respondents (116 positive; 1887 negative). From the positive group, data from 82 responders (44.7±11.3 yrs.) who reported the date of symptom onset were used. From the negative group, data from 1519 responders (48.4±12.9 yrs.) who reported testing dates were used. Sleep duration, sleep quality, restful sleep duration, time to fall asleep, respiration rate, heart rate, and motion level were obtained from ballistocardiography signals stored in the cloud. Data from January to October 2020 were considered. The predictive model consists of two levels: 1) the daily probability of staying healthy calculated by logistic regression and 2) a continuous density Hidden Markov Model to refine the daily prediction considering the past decision history. Results With respect to their baseline, significant increases in sleep duration, average breathing rate, average heart rate and decrease in sleep quality were associated with symptom exacerbation in COVID-19 positive respondents. In COVID-19 negative respondents, no significant sleep or cardiorespiratory metrics were observed. Evaluation of the predictive model resulted in cross-validated area under the receiving-operator curve (AUC) estimate of 0.84±0.09 which is similar to values reported for wearable-sensors. Considering additional days to confirm prediction improved the AUC estimate to 0.93±0.05. Conclusion The results obtained on the smart bed user population suggest that unobtrusive sleep metrics may offer rich information to predict and track the development of symptoms in individuals infected with COVID-19. Support (if any):

scholarly journals LiDAR-Based Glass Detection for Improved Occupancy Grid Mapping

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2263
Author(s):  
Haileleol Tibebu ◽  
Jamie Roche ◽  
Varuna De Silva ◽  
Ahmet Kondoz
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Light Detection And Ranging ◽  
Test Results ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Occupancy Grid ◽  
Laser Scanners ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Occupancy Grid Mapping ◽  
Cartesian Coordinate

Creating an accurate awareness of the environment using laser scanners is a major challenge in robotics and auto industries. LiDAR (light detection and ranging) is a powerful laser scanner that provides a detailed map of the environment. However, efficient and accurate mapping of the environment is yet to be obtained, as most modern environments contain glass, which is invisible to LiDAR. In this paper, a method to effectively detect and localise glass using LiDAR sensors is proposed. This new approach is based on the variation of range measurements between neighbouring point clouds, using a two-step filter. The first filter examines the change in the standard deviation of neighbouring clouds. The second filter uses a change in distance and intensity between neighbouring pules to refine the results from the first filter and estimate the glass profile width before updating the cartesian coordinate and range measurement by the instrument. Test results demonstrate the detection and localisation of glass and the elimination of errors caused by glass in occupancy grid maps. This novel method detects frameless glass from a long range and does not depend on intensity peak with an accuracy of 96.2%.

scholarly journals Comparison of Depth Camera and Terrestrial Laser Scanner in Monitoring Structural Deflections

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Michael Bekele Maru ◽  
Donghwan Lee ◽  
Kassahun Demissie Tola ◽  
Seunghee Park
Keyword(s):  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Depth Camera ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
3D Point Clouds ◽  
3D Information

Modeling a structure in the virtual world using three-dimensional (3D) information enhances our understanding, while also aiding in the visualization, of how a structure reacts to any disturbance. Generally, 3D point clouds are used for determining structural behavioral changes. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is one of the crucial ways by which a 3D point cloud dataset can be generated. Additionally, 3D cameras are commonly used to develop a point cloud containing many points on the external surface of an object around it. The main objective of this study was to compare the performance of optical sensors, namely a depth camera (DC) and terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) in estimating structural deflection. We also utilized bilateral filtering techniques, which are commonly used in image processing, on the point cloud data for enhancing their accuracy and increasing the application prospects of these sensors in structure health monitoring. The results from these sensors were validated by comparing them with the outputs from a linear variable differential transformer sensor, which was mounted on the beam during an indoor experiment. The results showed that the datasets obtained from both the sensors were acceptable for nominal deflections of 3 mm and above because the error range was less than ±10%. However, the result obtained from the TLS were better than those obtained from the DC.

Current situation and development direction of sports industry in colleges and universities based on euclidean algorithm

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Shunjiang Ma ◽  
Gaicheng Liu ◽  
Zhiwu Huang
Keyword(s):  
Computer Technology ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Euclidean Algorithm ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Sports Industry ◽  
Development Direction ◽  
The Status ◽  
Traditional Sports ◽  
And Function

With the development of sports in colleges and universities, the research on innovation reform of sports industry has been deepened. Therefore, based on the above situation, a study of the status quo and development direction of sports industry in colleges and universities based on the Euclid algorithm is proposed. In the research here, according to the traditional sports industry concept to sum up, and then according to the advantages of computer technology to deal with the relevant data. In order to realize good overlap between data, an application of Euclidean algorithm is proposed. In the test of Euclidean algorithm, the efficiency and function of the algorithm are tested comprehensively, and the test results show that the research is feasible.

scholarly journals A case report: Type II Abernethy malformation complicated with congenital polydactyly and enlargement of all cardiac chambers.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Zhu ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Qian Hao
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Portacaval Anastomosis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Abernethy Malformation ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
And Function

Abstract Background: Abernethy malformation is a kind of congenital malformation of portal vein system caused by abnormal portacaval anastomosis. It can be in combination with other congenital malformations. The major therapy of Abernethy malformation is surgery. There has been a limited number of patients since the first patient reported, leading to a limited view towards this kind of disease until now.Results: In August 2018 we treated a patient diagnosed with typeII Abernethy malformation complicated with both congenital polydactyly and enlargement of all cardiac chambers, which is extremely rare and can be a supplementary to the existing cases. Besides, the low white blood cell and platelet, the arrested megakaryocytic maturation and the positive platelet autoantibody in serum may result in misdiagnosis as immune thrombocytopenia, so we analyze the differential points between these two diseases. We treated this patient with silybin orally and advised him to make follow-up visits because of his mild liver function disorder, normal cardiac function and no other malformations or complications complicated. At the latest follow-up, we knew the condition of the patient was generally satisfactory, whether in terms of laboratory test results or his daily life experience.Conclusions: Because of some changes of spleen in form and function secondary to Abernethy malformation, in some cases, this disease has similarities with a part of blood diseases, which we should take into consideration for differential diagnosis, especially when other congenital malformations are found in combination at the same time. This case also suggests that simply conservative treatment with regular follow-up visits can be suitable for certain patients.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Performances of a Diesel Engine Operating on Blended and Emulsified Biofuels from Rapeseed Oil

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6661
Author(s):  
Vladimir Anatolyevich Markov ◽  
Bowen Sa ◽  
Sergey Nikolaevich Devyanin ◽  
Anatoly Anatolyevich Zherdev ◽  
Pablo Ramon Vallejo Maldonado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Flow Simulations

The article discusses the possibility of using blended biofuels from rapeseed oil (RO) as fuel for a diesel engine. RO blended diesel fuel (DF) and emulsified multicomponent biofuels have been investigated. Fuel physicochemical properties have been analyzed. Experimental tests of a diesel engine D-245 in the operating conditions of the external characteristic curve and the 13-mode test cycle have been conducted to investigate the effect of these fuels on engine performances. CFD simulations of the nozzle inner flow were performed for DF and ethanol-emulsified RO. The possibility of a significant improvement in brake thermal efficiency of the engine has been noted. The efficiency of using blended biofuels from RO as a motor fuel for diesel engines has been evaluated based on the experimental test results. It was shown that in comparison with the presence of RO in emulsified multicomponent biofuel, the presence of water has a more significant effect on NOx emission reduction. The content of RO and the content of water in the investigated emulsified fuels have a comparable influence on exhaust smoke reduction. Nozzle inner flow simulations show that the emulsification of RO changes its flow behaviors and cavitation regime.

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