scholarly journals Genome-Wide Analysis of Genes Encoding Methionine-Rich Proteins inArabidopsisand Soybean Suggesting Their Roles in the Adaptation of Plants to Abiotic Stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Duc Chu ◽  
Quynh Ngoc Le ◽  
Huy Quang Nguyen ◽  
Dung Tien Le
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Calcium Signaling ◽  
Protein Modification ◽  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Gene Annotation ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Transcription Control ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Living Organisms

Oxidation and reduction of methionine (Met) play important roles in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and signaling in living organisms. To understand the impacts of Met oxidation and reduction in plants during stress, we surveyed the genomes ofArabidopsisand soybean (Glycine maxL.) for genes encoding Met-rich proteins (MRPs). We found 121 and 213 genes encoding MRPs inArabidopsisand soybean, respectively. Gene annotation indicated that those with known function are involved in vital cellular processes such as transcriptional control, calcium signaling, protein modification, and metal transport. Next, we analyzed the transcript levels of MRP-coding genes under normal and stress conditions. We found that 57 AtMRPs were responsive either to drought or to high salinity stress inArabidopsis; 35 GmMRPs were responsive to drought in the leaf of late vegetative or early reproductive stages of soybean. Among the MRP genes with a known function, the majority of the abiotic stress-responsive genes are involved in transcription control and calcium signaling. Finally,Arabidopsisplant which overexpressed an MRP-coding gene, whose transcripts were downregulated by abiotic stress, was more sensitive to paraquat than the control. Taken together, our report indicates that MRPs participate in various vital processes of plants under normal and stress conditions.

Ca2+-Operated Transcriptional Networks: Molecular Mechanisms and In Vivo Models

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britt Mellström ◽  
Magali Savignac ◽  
Rosa Gomez-Villafuertes ◽  
Jose R. Naranjo
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Transcriptional Networks ◽  
Calcium Signal ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Calcium Sensors ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Living Organisms

Calcium is the most universal signal used by living organisms to convey information to many different cellular processes. In this review we present well-known and recently identified proteins that sense and decode the calcium signal and are key elements in the nucleus to regulate the activity of various transcriptional networks. When possible, the review also presents in vivo models in which the genes encoding these calcium sensors-transducers have been modified, to emphasize the critical role of these Ca2+-operated mechanisms in many physiological functions.

scholarly journals In Silico Characterization of Mate Genes in Wheat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepika Mohanta ◽  
Sandip Debnath
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Multidrug Efflux ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Protein Motifs ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Living Organisms

Abstract Background: Multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) genes are a group of multidrug efflux transporters that widely exists in all living organisms and play a major role in the detoxification of heavy metals, metalloids, exogenous xenobiotics and endogenous secondary metabolites out of the cells. However, insilico analysis of MATE gene family in plant species is very limited and thus such analysis need to be elucidated in wheat.Results: We have identified forty-four MATE genes in wheat and categorized into seven families based on their phylogenetic analysis. Further, 43 genes were found to exhibit protein-protein interaction at the protein level by using STRING software. We observed that the maximum number of exons i.e., 14 was identified in genes TraesCS6A02G418800.1 and TraesCS6D02G407900.1. We employed MEME software to find protein motifs associated with the MATE genes where maximum number of motifs were set to 22. Here, the protein motifs among the families 1,2 and 3 were significantly different from the rest. We found that the majority of MATE genes were showing expressions during biotic stress conditions due to disease infestations and the highest level of expression was shown by the gene TraesCS5B02G326600.1 belonging to family 1 which got expressed during Fusarium head blight infestation by Fusarium graminearum after 4 days of inoculation by using Wheat expression browser tool. A total of 39 ternary plots consisting of homoeologous genes for 39 MATE genes, showing different level of expressions during biotic and abiotic stress conditions were composed, where we found 44 % of the triads tend to show non balanced expressions (extreme values) due to their higher tissue- specificity and greater intensity.Conclusion: The results obtained from this study indicated that total 44 MATE genes were found to be directly involved in the metabolism of wheat and were expressed during different biotic and abiotic stress conditions. So such genes can be further evaluated for their interaction with heavy toxic metal elements and sequestration from the cells.

scholarly journals Lub1 Participates in Ubiquitin Homeostasis and Stress Response via Maintenance of Cellular Ubiquitin Contents in Fission Yeast

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 2324-2331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunari Ogiso ◽  
Reiko Sugiura ◽  
Tsuneyoshi Kamo ◽  
Satoshi Yanagiya ◽  
Yabin Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Negative Regulation ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Accelerated Degradation ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome ◽  
Posttranscriptional Level

ABSTRACT Ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis plays a pivotal role in stress responses. To investigate the mechanisms of these cellular processes, we have been studying Schizosaccharomyces pombe mutants that have altered sensitivities to various stress conditions. Here, we showed that Lub1, a homologue of Ufd3p/Zzz4p/Doa1p in budding yeast, is involved in the regulation of ubiquitin contents. Disruption of the lub1+ gene resulted in monoubiquitin as well as multiubiquitin depletion without change in mRNA level and in hypersensitivity to various stress conditions. Consistently, overexpression of genes encoding ubiquitin suppressed the defects associated with lub1 mutation, indicating that the phenotypes of the lub1 mutants under stress conditions were due to cellular ubiquitin shortage at the posttranscriptional level. In addition, the lub1-deleted cells showed aberrant functions in ubiquitin/proteasome-dependent proteolysis, with accelerated degradation of ubiquitin. Also Cdc48, a stress-induced chaperon-like essential ATPase, was found to interact with Lub1, and this association might contribute to the stabilization of Lub1. Our results indicated that Lub1 is responsible for ubiquitin homeostasis at the protein level through a negative regulation of ubiquitin degradation.

Intracellular trafficking and cytoplasmic streaming under abiotic stress conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
JESHIMA KHAN YASIN ◽  
ANIL KUMAR SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Intracellular Trafficking ◽  
Cytoplasmic Streaming ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Vesicle Formation ◽  
External Stimuli

Cytoplasmic streaming is one among the vital activities of the living cells. In plants cytolplasmic streaming could clearly be seen in hypocotyls of growing seedlings. To observe cytoplsmic streaming and its correlated intracellular trafficking an investigation was conducted in legumes in comparison with GFP-AtRab75 and 35S::GFP:δTIP tonoplast fusion protein expressing arabidopsis lines. These seedlings were observed under confocal microscopy with different buffer incubation treatments and under different stress conditions. GFP expressing 35S::GFP:δTIP tonoplast lines were looking similar to the control lines and differ under stress conditions. Movement of cytoplasmic invaginations within the tonoplast and cytoplasmic sub vesicle or bulb budding during cytoplasmic streaming was observed in hypocotyls of At-GFP tonoplast plants. We found the cytoplasmic bulbs/ vesicles or sub vesicle formation from the plasma membrane. The streaming speed also depends on the incubation medium in which the specimen was incubated, indicating that the external stimuli as well as internal stimuli can alter the speed of streaming

scholarly journals Citric Acid-Mediated Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 7235
Author(s):  
Md. Tahjib-Ul-Arif ◽  
Mst. Ishrat Zahan ◽  
Md. Masudul Karim ◽  
Shahin Imran ◽  
Charles T. Hunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Metabolic Networks ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Physiological Outcomes

Several recent studies have shown that citric acid/citrate (CA) can confer abiotic stress tolerance to plants. Exogenous CA application leads to improved growth and yield in crop plants under various abiotic stress conditions. Improved physiological outcomes are associated with higher photosynthetic rates, reduced reactive oxygen species, and better osmoregulation. Application of CA also induces antioxidant defense systems, promotes increased chlorophyll content, and affects secondary metabolism to limit plant growth restrictions under stress. In particular, CA has a major impact on relieving heavy metal stress by promoting precipitation, chelation, and sequestration of metal ions. This review summarizes the mechanisms that mediate CA-regulated changes in plants, primarily CA’s involvement in the control of physiological and molecular processes in plants under abiotic stress conditions. We also review genetic engineering strategies for CA-mediated abiotic stress tolerance. Finally, we propose a model to explain how CA’s position in complex metabolic networks involving the biosynthesis of phytohormones, amino acids, signaling molecules, and other secondary metabolites could explain some of its abiotic stress-ameliorating properties. This review summarizes our current understanding of CA-mediated abiotic stress tolerance and highlights areas where additional research is needed.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Changes Reveal the Molecular Mechanisms of Humic Acid-Induced Salt Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 782
Author(s):  
Joon-Yung Cha ◽  
Sang-Ho Kang ◽  
Myung Geun Ji ◽  
Gyeong-Im Shin ◽  
Song Yi Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Salt Stress Tolerance ◽  
Genes Encoding

Humic acid (HA) is a principal component of humic substances, which make up the complex organic matter that broadly exists in soil environments. HA promotes plant development as well as stress tolerance, however the precise molecular mechanism for these is little known. Here we conducted transcriptome analysis to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which HA enhances salt stress tolerance. Gene Ontology Enrichment Analysis pointed to the involvement of diverse abiotic stress-related genes encoding HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINs and redox proteins, which were up-regulated by HA regardless of salt stress. Genes related to biotic stress and secondary metabolic process were mainly down-regulated by HA. In addition, HA up-regulated genes encoding transcription factors (TFs) involved in plant development as well as abiotic stress tolerance, and down-regulated TF genes involved in secondary metabolic processes. Our transcriptome information provided here provides molecular evidences and improves our understanding of how HA confers tolerance to salinity stress in plants.

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