scholarly journals Optimization and Prediction of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Graphene/LLDPE Nanocomposites by Using Artificial Neural Networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Noorunnisa Khanam ◽  
MA AlMaadeed ◽  
Sumaaya AlMaadeed ◽  
Suchithra Kunhoth ◽  
M. Ouederni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Stress Transfer ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelets ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann

The focus of this work is to develop the knowledge of prediction of the physical and chemical properties of processed linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/graphene nanoplatelets composites. Composites made from LLDPE reinforced with 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 wt% grade C graphene nanoplatelets (C-GNP) were processed in a twin screw extruder with three different screw speeds and feeder speeds (50, 100, and 150 rpm). These applied conditions are used to optimize the following properties: thermal conductivity, crystallization temperature, degradation temperature, and tensile strength while prediction of these properties was done through artificial neural network (ANN). The three first properties increased with increase in both screw speed and C-GNP content. The tensile strength reached a maximum value at 4 wt% C-GNP and a speed of 150 rpm as this represented the optimum condition for the stress transfer through the amorphous chains of the matrix to the C-GNP. ANN can be confidently used as a tool to predict the above material properties before investing in development programs and actual manufacturing, thus significantly saving money, time, and effort.

Thermoplastic polyurethane/CNT nanocomposites with low electromagnetic resistance property

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832110370
Author(s):  
Chia-Fang Lee ◽  
Chin-Wen Chen ◽  
Fu-Sheng Chuang ◽  
Syang-Peng Rwei
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Conductive Polymer ◽  
Resistance Coefficient ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Acrylic Ester

Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) at 0.5 wt% to 2 wt% proportions were added to thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) synthesized with polycarbonatediol (PCDL), 4,4’-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), and 1,3-butanediol(1,3-BDO). To formulate a new TPU-MWCNT nanocomposite, the composite was melt-blended with a twin-screw extruder. To ensure the even dispersion of MWCNTs, dispersant (ethylene acrylic ester terpolymer; Lotader AX8900) of equal weight proportion to the added MWCNTs was also added during the blending process. Studies on the mechanical and thermal properties, and melt flow experiments and phase analysis of TPU-MWCNT nanocomposites, these nanocomposites exhibit higher tensile strength and elongation at break than neat TPU. TPU-MWCNT nanocomposites with higher MWCNT content possess higher glass-transition temperature (Tg), a lower melt index, and greater hardness. Relative to neat TPU, TPU-MWCNT nanocomposites exhibit favorable mechanical properties. By adding MWCNTs, the tensile strength of the nanocomposites increased from 7.59 MPa to 21.52 MPa, and Shore A hardness increased from 65 to 81. Additionally, TPU-MWCNT nanocomposites with MWCNTs had lower resistance coefficients; the resistance coefficient decreased from 4.97 × 1011 Ω/sq to 2.53 × 104 Ω/sq after adding MWCNTs, indicating a conductive polymer material. Finally, the internal structure of the TPU-MWCNT nanocomposites was examined under transmission electron microscopy. When 1.5 wt% or 2 wt% of MWCNTs and dispersant were added to TPU, the MWCNTs were evenly dispersed, with increased electrical conductivity and mechanical properties. The new material is applicable in the electronics industry as a conductive polymer with high stiffness.

Experimental investigation, modeling and optimization study on the mechanical properties of B4Cp/MWCNT/epoxy multi-scale hybrid composite

2020 ◽  
pp. 096739112097118
Author(s):  
Mustafa Taşyürek
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
The Matrix

In this study, process parameters and mechanical properties of the multi-scale composite were investigated experimentally and predictably. Multi-scale material includes boron carbide particles and multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in the epoxy-based matrix. Both reinforcements were reinforced into the matrix with various rates simultaneously. Average three tensile strength and hardness values were determined. The tensile strength and hardness were enhanced thanks to high rate of B4C usage up to 54.09% and 2.54%, respectively. The microstructure of the hybrid composite was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Also, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy was used to interpret spectral bands. The experimental data were analyzed using optimization method. Optimal process parameters for tensile strength and interfacial properties were determined. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to obtain most significant factor and optimum levels of parameters. Finally, it was observed that B4C ratio is the most dominant factor affecting the mechanical and thermal properties.

Evaluation of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of MCC/PLA Composite Compatibilized with Modified Cellulose

2013 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 698-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Voravadee Suchaiya ◽  
Duangdao Aht-Ong
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Suitable Condition ◽  
Cellulose Ester ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Cellulose Esters ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Biocomposite Films ◽  
Twin Screw

Biocomposite films from polylactic acid (PLA) and 40wt% banana stem microcrystalline cellulose (BS MCC) were prepared by a twin screw extruder. Two types of cellulose ester, i.e. cellulose butyrate and cellulose laurate were used as a compatibilizer. The cellulose esters were prepared via acylation process under microwave heating. The proper condition for preparing cellulose butyrate was 180 sec of reaction time and 80 watt of power output, while the suitable condition for preparing cellulose laurate was 150 sec of reaction time and 160 watt of power output, respectively. These suitable conditions led to the highest %WI and the absence of the degradation of cellulose. The FT-IR and NMR spectra techniques confirmed that butyrate and laurate were grafted on the BS MCC. For biocomposite films, although the increase of cellulose laurate or cellulose butyrate induced the decrease of Youngs modulus of 40wt% BS MCC/PLA composite, the elongation at break of 40wt% BS MCC/PLA composite was increased. Besides, the addition of 5wt% cellulose butyrate or cellulose laurate resulted in the highest tensile properties, especially in elongation at break, when compared to other contents of cellulose ester. Moreover, cellulose butyrate is an effective compatibilizer to improve the elongation at break of 40wt% BS MCC/PLA since cellulose butyrate had better compatibility with BS MCC and PLA matrix. However, the addition of two types of cellulose ester led to the decrease in the degradation temperature (Td) of 40wt% BS MCC/PLA, particularly in case of the addition of cellulose laurate.

Synthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable Aliphatic-Aromatic Copolyesters Nanocomposites Containing POSS

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 2028-2031
Author(s):  
Bing Tao Wang ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Zheng Ping Fang
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Terephthalic Acid ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
The Matrix

Biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters/POSS nanocomposites were synthesized via in situ melt copolycondensation of terephthalic acid (TPA), poly(L-lactic acid) oligomer (OLLA), 1,4-butanediol (BDO) and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) reagents (POSS-NH2 and POSS-PEG). The morphologies and dispersions of two POSS reagents in the nanocomposites and their effects on the mechanical and thermal properties were investigated. TEM and XRD characterizations confirmed that POSS-NH2 formed crystalline microaggregates and took poor dispersions in the nanocomposite, while POSS-PEG had better dispersion in the matrix. Due to the good dispersion and interfacial adhesion of POSS-PEG with the copolyester PBTL matrix, the tensile strength and the Young’s modulus greatly increased for PBTL/POSS-PEG nanocomposite. Moreover, compared with POSS-NH2 the existence of POSS-PEG imparted PBTL good flexibility and increased the mobility of the chains, so the glass-transition temperature and the heat of melting as well as the elongation at break were obviously influenced for PBTL/POSS-PEG nanocomposite.

Modeling to predict thermal aging for flame-retardant fabrics considering thermal stability under fire exposure

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110138
Author(s):  
Xiaohan Liu ◽  
Miao Tian ◽  
Yunyi Wang ◽  
Yun Su ◽  
Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Thermal Aging ◽  
Fire Exposure ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Ann Models ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Prediction Approach ◽  
Method R

The performance of firefighters’ clothing will deteriorate due to various exposures. Predicting its service life before decommissioning is essential to guide the use and maintenance of the uniform. The aim of this study is to introduce a model to predict the tensile strength of flame-retardant fabrics under fire exposure. The thermal degradation and microstructure of Kevlar/polybenzimidazole and polyimide/Kevlar fabrics were investigated. The decrease of tensile strength was attributed to the chemical changes and the development of microstructure cracks and charring of the fibers. Multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN) models were established to predict the tensile strength after thermal aging. The ANN model presented a better prediction result ( R2 = 0.88, root mean square error (RMSE) = 96.91) than the MLR method ( R2 = 0.76, RMSE = 138.61). The addition of fabric backside temperature ( T), glass transition temperature ( Tg), and degradation temperature ( Td) further increased the R2 (4%) and decreased the RMSE (14.99) of the ANN model, which was recommended as a prediction approach with better accuracy. The findings of this study will contribute to estimating the continuous performance of firefighting clothing.

Mechanical Enhancement and Thermal Stability of Composites between Polyamide 11 and Functionalized Graphene Nanoplatelets

2020 ◽  
Vol 858 ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Nattakarn Hongsriphan ◽  
Kantika Somboon ◽  
Chutikan Paujai ◽  
Thitichaya Taengto
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Form ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelets ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Functionalized Graphene ◽  
Polyamide 11 ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
The Degree Of Crystallinity

The composites between polyamide 11 (PA11) and functionalized graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) were prepared to compare influence of GNPs content and functionalities; hydroxyl (GO) and carboxylic acid (GC); on mechanical and thermal properties. The composites were melt compounded and injection molded into specimens with the final GNP content of 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 wt%. It was found in XRD that these plasma-exfoliated GNPs acted as the nucleating agents that changed the crystal form of PA11, but did not have significant influence on crystallinity content. DSC analysis confirmed the nucleating effect of GNPs, which the degree of crystallinity was not affected by the presence of GNPs. The functionalities of GNP did not reduce the degradation temperature of the composites compared to neat PA11. Young's modulus and tensile strength at yield of the composites were higher with respect to the GNP content. This was attributed to stretching restriction of polymer chains by GNPs during the elastic deformation. The composites adding GO had higher tensile properties than those adding GC. In contrast, the composites adding GC showed higher impact strength than those adding GO. SEM micrographs indicated the failure of the composites occurred at the interphase between PA11 matrix and GNPs.

Synthesis and Characterization of Microcellular Injection Molded Polyolefin/Polycaprolactone Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 1041 ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Shyh Shin Hwang ◽  
Shia Chung Chen ◽  
Chiu Lan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Filler Dispersion ◽  
Injection Molded

This study investigated the effect of polycaprolactone (PCL) loading (0.5, 1, and 3 wt%) on the morphology, tensile strength, and thermal properties of microcellular injection molded PP/PCL and PPgMA/PCL composites. We used the filler, PCL, that is micro-material in size. Results showed that 0.5 wt% loading of PCL on foamed PP has the largest tensile strength. However, tensile strength was almost similar to that of PPgMA composites. Tensile strength depends on the filler dispersion in the matrix and cell size present on the foamed composites. Good dispersion resulted in good tensile strength. The elongation decreased on PP but increased on PPgMA composites. The highest degradation temperature for PP/PCL and PPgMA/PCL was noted for 3.0 wt% PCL loading and neat PPgMA respectively. Cell size decreased and cell density increased with the addition of PCL into the PP and PPgMA matrix.

Segregation at Adherend Interphases in Fiber-Reinforced Epoxies

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 543-544
Author(s):  
D. Arayasantiparb ◽  
K. Siangchaew ◽  
M. Libera ◽  
S. McKnight
Keyword(s):  
Electron Scattering ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Stress Transfer ◽  
Anodized Aluminum ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Reinforcing Fibers ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Resolution Analysis ◽  
Diamond Knife

The fact that there is a region at the epoxy/adherend interface known as the interphase whose chemistry and structure are different from that of bulk epoxy is well established (1-2). The specific nature of the interphase depends on the resin and curing agent, the adherend surface-chemical properties, and the adherend sizing treatment if any, among other possible variables. The interphase is critically important, since it is responsible for stress transfer between the matrix and reinforcing fibers. While it has been studied by a variety of analytical methods (eg. 3-5), none have had sufficient spatial or spectral resolution to establish the physical extent of the interphase or its compositional deviation from bulk epoxy. This research exploits high-spatial-resolution analysis in a field-emission STEM to study the interphase in epoxy/adherend systems using high-angle electron scattering (HAADF-STEM) and energy-loss spectroscopy (PEELS).Thin specimens were cut by ultramicrotomy using a diamond knife from single-fiber tensile bars consisting of anodized aluminum wire embedded in an epoxy matrix (Fig 1.)

The prediction of optimal conditions for the surface grafting of β-cyclodextrin onto silk fabrics by an artificial neural network (ANN)

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Zare ◽  
Pedram Payvandy
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Silk Fabrics ◽  
Recovery Angle

Purpose The purpose of this study is the chemical grafting of β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) onto silk fabrics by the use of butane tetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) as a crosslinking agent and nano-TiO2 (NTO) as a catalyst. The effects of different parameters involved in this particular process, e.g. β-CD, BTCA and NTO concentrations, are examined using the artificial neural network (ANN). The method is evaluated for its ability to predict certain properties of treated fabrics, including grafting yield, dry crease recovery angle (DCRA) and wet crease recovery angle (WCRA), tensile strength, elongation at break and methylene blue dye absorption. Design/methodology/approach This study was conducted to describe the cross-linking of silk with 1,2,3,4-BTCA as a crosslinking agent in a wet state at low temperatures using NTO catalyst to improve the dry and wet wrinkle recovery (DCRA and WCRA) of silk fabrics. An ANN was also used to model and analyze the effects of BTCA, β-CD and NTO concentrations on the grafting percentage and some properties of the treated samples. Findings According to the results, the wet and dry wrinkle recovery of the silk fabrics was improved for about 38% and 11%, respectively, as compared to the non-cross-linked fabrics, without significantly affecting the tensile strength retention of the fabrics. Originality/value This research model and analyze the effects of BTCA, β-CD and NTO concentrations on the grafting percentage and some properties of the treated samples for the first time.

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