scholarly journals Chronic Leptomeningitis and Spinal Intradural Mass Secondary to Alternaria Infection in a Patient with Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sanjeet S. Dadwal ◽  
Russell Thompson ◽  
Rahul Jandial ◽  
Bernard Tegtmeier ◽  
Mike Yue Chen
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Shunt Infection ◽  
Vp Shunt ◽  
First Case

Fungal infection following placement of ventriculostomy or ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is uncommon. We report the first case of Alternaria related central nervous system (CNS) shunt infection in a patient with CNS ependymoma manifesting as leptomeningitis and a spinal intradural mass. This case illustrates the diagnostic and management challenges.

scholarly journals Infected Aneurysm of the Native Aorta due to Coccidioides posadasii

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Huang ◽  
Edison J Cano ◽  
F N U Shweta ◽  
Aditya S Shah ◽  
Audrey N Schuetz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Immunocompromised Host ◽  
Infected Aneurysm ◽  
Coccidioides Posadasii ◽  
First Case

Abstract Coccidioidomycosis is an endemic fungal infection that is typically asymptomatic or associated with pulmonary disease. Extrapulmonary disease may involve the skin, bones, or central nervous system, yet endovascular infections are exceedingly rare. We report the first case, to our knowledge, of coccidioidomycosis of the native aorta in an immunocompromised host.

scholarly journals Extraneural metastases in medulloblastoma

2011 ◽  
Vol 69 (2b) ◽  
pp. 328-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
V M F Muoio ◽  
S O Shinjo ◽  
H Matushita ◽  
S Rosemberg ◽  
M J Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Malignant Tumor ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Invasive Growth ◽  
Extraneural Metastases

Medulloblastoma is the most common childhood malignant tumor of central nervous system, but it may also occur in adults. It presents high invasive growth with spreading of tumor cells into the leptomeningeal space along the neuroaxis early in the course of the disease. Extraneural metastases are rare but frequently lethal, occurring only in 1 to 5% of patients, and are related, in the most of cases, to the presence of ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Here we characterize the clinical profile of five cases of medulloblastoma with systemic spreading of tumor cells, also comparing them to cases already described in the literature.

Hemorrhagic Suprasellar Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor in an Adult: Uncommon Features of an Extremely Rare Neoplasm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Piloni ◽  
Filippo Gagliardi ◽  
Michele Bailo ◽  
Lina Raffaella Barzaghi ◽  
Marcella Callea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Who Classification ◽  
Optic Chiasm ◽  
World Health ◽  
Embryonal Tumors ◽  
Embryonal Tumor ◽  
First Case ◽  
Diffusion Pattern

Abstract Background Occurrences of suprasellar central nervous system (CNS) embryonal tumors in adults are extremely rare. Hemorrhagic onset is further uncommon, with only anecdotic cases reported in the literature. The authors describe the case of a 57-year-old man affected by a suprasellar CNS embryonal tumor, with hemorrhagic onset and a unique diffusion pattern along the optic pathways. Material and Methods A 57-year-old man presenting with acute visual acuity worsening and left homonymous hemianopia was referred to our hospital. Neuroradiologic studies demonstrated an infiltrating, high-grade lesion involving the optic chiasm and right retrochiasmatic pathways with a hemorrhagic area in the ipsilateral pulvinar. Results The patient underwent microsurgical biopsy. Pathologic assessment confirmed the diagnosis of CNS embryonal tumor, not otherwise specified (NOS) according to the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of CNS tumors. The patient was referred to a multimodal adjuvant treatment; he eventually died 4 months after surgery. Competent literature has been systematically reviewed in the light of the relevant changes made in the last version of the WHO classification. Conclusion Embryonal tumors should be considered in the differential diagnosis for sellar and suprasellar space-occupying lesions, despite the rarity of the disease and the uncommon features at time of presentation. As per our knowledge, this is the first case ever described of hemorrhagic suprasellar embryonal tumor with a diffusion pattern along white matter fibers. Histogenesis, biomolecular and neuroradiologic features, and classification of embryonal tumors are an open field of research, with considerable implications for the definition of better diagnostic pitfalls and therapeutic regimens.

scholarly journals Prognosis of fungal infection of central nervous system in HIV-infected patients: a retrospective study of 77 patients in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
Kateryna Y. Lytvyn ◽  
Liudmyla R. Shostakovych-Koretskaya ◽  
Anna A. Doroshenko ◽  
Tatiana I. Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Fungal Infection

Cystic Trophoblastic Tumor in a Primary Central Nervous System Post-Chemotherapy Germ Cell Tumor: The First Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 925-928
Author(s):  
Ramya Gadde ◽  
Kanika Arora ◽  
Michelle Madden Felicella ◽  
Sohrab Arora ◽  
Liang Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumor ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Testicular Tumor ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tissue ◽  
Trophoblastic Tumor ◽  
First Case

Cystic trophoblastic tumor (CTT) is an uncommon trophoblastic proliferation of germ cell tumor origin, mostly reported in post-chemotherapy metastases of testicular germ cell tumors and rarely primary untreated testicular tumors. To date, we are not aware of occurrence in a non-testicular tumor. A 12-year-old boy presented with limb swelling, increased appetite, weight gain, and precocious puberty. Evaluation revealed right frontal lobe mass and elevated α-fetoprotein and β-human chorionic gonadotrophin. After response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the tumor was resected. Microscopically, the resection contained predominantly smooth muscle tissue with scattered small foci of glandular teratoma and CTT. Immunohistochemistry (SALL4, glypican 3) revealed no residual yolk sac tumor. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed gain of chromosome 12p. The patient has been disease-free for 13 years. This report expands the spectrum of primary central nervous system germ cell tumors with the occurrence of CTT in this site.

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