scholarly journals Management of Giant Gastric Ulcer Perforation: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Nitin Vashistha ◽  
Dinesh Singhal ◽  
Gurpreet Makkar ◽  
Suneel Chakravarty ◽  
Vivek Raj
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Multidetector Ct ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
H2 Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Surgical Options

Giant gastric ulcer (GGU) is defined as an ulcer more than 3 cm in diameter. Now infrequent in clinical practice, in the pre-H2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) era, the incidence of GGU varied between 12 and 24% of all gastric ulcers. Proton pump inhibitors reportedly achieve better healing rates and symptom relief in comparison to H2RA. The GGU is associated with high incidence of serious complications such as hemorrhage. A perforated GGU though rare (<2%) offers serious challenges in management. We report one such case wherein the role of multidetector CT scan (MDCT) for diagnosis and treatment planning, surgical options for GGU perforations, and factors affecting outcome are discussed.

A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HELICOBACTER PYLORI AND TRACE ELEMENTS IN GASTRIC MUCOSA

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
T. FUKUDA ◽  
S. SAKURAI ◽  
M. KUDO
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Gastric Mucosa ◽  
H2 Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
The Relationship

H2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) and proton pump inhibitor(PPI) are often used to treat gastric ulcers, in addition to the zinc-L-carcino-complex which is commonly adopted for such therapies. However, there have been no previous reports detailing the levels and distribution of zinc in human gastric mucosa. The aim of our current study is to clarify the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and trace elements such as zinc in gastric mucosa using particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE). Forty gastric ulcer patients were chosen as subjects of this study and divided into two groups. One is a new ulcer patients group(twenty nine cases). And the other, eleven of these patients had been prescribed zinc-L-carcino-complex (polapreZinc®), at a dose of 150mg/day for periods ranging from 16 to 20 weeks. The zinc levels in the gastric ulcer group were found to be significantly less than those of the control group and the concentrations of zinc in gastric mucosa were observed to increase following the administration of treatments containing this element.

scholarly journals Estrogen, Estrogen Receptors and Rupture of Brain Aneurysms: Brief Review of the Literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-299
Author(s):  
Sandy Zuleica Navas-Marrugo ◽  
Hernando Raphael Alvis-Miranda ◽  
Juan Jose Gutierrez-Paternina ◽  
Gabriel Alcala-Cerra ◽  
Luis Rafael Moscote-Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Cerebral Aneurysms ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Vascular Physiology ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Pathophysiologic Mechanisms

Abstract Estrogen, is involved in much of the life women lives, having great importance in many functions of the female body including the definition of secondary sexual characters, but also has been linked as protective factor regard to catastrophic events such as cerebral aneurysms, probably related to estrogen deficiency and described high incidence in menopausal women. It is known the effects of estrogen on vascular physiology and pathophysiologic mechanisms with potential therapeutic implications. We present a brief review focused in the role of estrogens and the rupture of cerebral aneurysms.

scholarly journals The Role of Galectins in Cervical Cancer Biology and Progression

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lufang Wang ◽  
Yanyan Zhao ◽  
Yanshi Wang ◽  
Xin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Late Recurrence ◽  
Carbohydrate Binding ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Galectin 3

Cervical cancer is one of the malignant tumors with high incidence and high mortality among women in developing countries. The main factors affecting the prognosis of cervical cancer are the late recurrence and metastasis and the effective adjuvant treatment, which is radiation and chemotherapy or combination therapy. Galectins, a family containing many carbohydrate binding proteins, are closely involved in the occurrence and development of tumor. They are involved in tumor cells transformation, angiogenesis, metastasis, immune escape, and sensitivity against radiation and chemotherapy. Therefore, galectins are deemed as the targets of multifunctional cancer treatment. In this review, we mainly focus on the role of galectins, especially galectin-1, galectin-3, galectin-7, and galectin-9 in cervical cancer, and provide theoretical basis for potential targeted treatment of cervical cancer.

scholarly journals Business Entrepreneurship And Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (33) ◽  
pp. 211-224
Author(s):  
Pedro Álvaro Correia Pereira ◽  
Irene García Medina ◽  
Patricia Margarida Farias Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Skills Acquisition ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Endogenous Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Individual Motivation ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Creation

This study is a review of the literature regarding business entrepreneurship and education. The main aim is to study the social and educational factors affecting the creation of self-employment for young people as a contribution to the development of local entrepreneurship, reducing unemployment and leveraging economic development. Of the various social influencers, it was important to understand the role of the family, especially of the parents, in motivating and sustaining the creation of one's own job and in the actions of entrepreneurship. In the same sense, at the educational level, to perceive the consequences of access to new resources that expand and support knowledge and skills acquisition useful for creating one's own job and reducing risk aversion of business activities. Finally, to understand the role of endogenous factors such as intelligence and individual motivation in the pursuit of entrepreneurship activities and their relationship with social and educational influencers.

A prospective, randomized trial of thrombin versus cyanoacrylate injection in the control of acute gastric variceal hemorrhage

Endoscopy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (07) ◽  
pp. 548-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gin-Ho Lo ◽  
Chih-Wen Lin ◽  
Chi-Ming Tai ◽  
Daw-Shyong Perng ◽  
I-Lin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Ulcer Bleeding ◽  
Variceal Hemorrhage ◽  
Thrombin Injection ◽  
Cyanoacrylate Glue ◽  
Glue Injection ◽  
Gastric Variceal Hemorrhage ◽  
To Receive

Background Acute gastric variceal hemorrhage (AGVH) is a serious complication of portal hypertension. Endoscopic cyanoacrylate glue injection is standard therapy for acute hemostasis; however, it may be associated with serious complications. The role of thrombin injection has not been confirmed. This study compared endoscopic thrombin and glue injections in the hemostasis of AGVH. Methods 68 eligible patients with AGVH were randomized to receive thrombin injection (33 patients) or glue injection (35 patients). The primary end point was injection-induced gastric ulcers. Secondary end points were acute hemostasis, rebleeding, and mortality within 42 days. Results Both groups had comparable baseline data. Hemostasis of active bleeding at endoscopy was 90.0 % (9/10) in the thrombin group and 90.9 % (10/11) in the glue group (P = 0.58), and 48-hour hemostasis was achieved in 93.9 % (31/33) and 97.1 % (34/35), respectively (P = 0.60). Treatment failure at 5 days occurred in two patients (6.1 %) in the thrombin group and two patients (5.7 %) in the glue group (P > 0.99). Gastric ulcers occurred in none of the thrombin group and 11/30 (36.7 %) of the glue group (P < 0.001, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 8 % – 27 %). Complications occurred in 4 (12.1 %) and 18 (51.4 %) patients in the thrombin and glue groups, respectively (P < 0.001, 95 %CI 22 % – 45 %). Two patients who received glue had post-treatment gastric ulcer bleeding. One patient in each group died. Conclusions Endoscopic thrombin injection was similar to glue injection in achieving successful hemostasis of AGVH. However, a higher incidence of complications may be associated with glue injection.

scholarly journals Survey of Current Practices among Members of CAG in the Follow-Up of Patients Diagnosed with Gastric Ulcer

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 489-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niall P Breslin ◽  
Lloyd R Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Benign Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Canadian Association ◽  
Repeat Endoscopy ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy ◽  
Benign Nature ◽  
H Pylori

INTRODUCTION: Guidelines recommend a policy of endoscopic follow-up of all gastric ulcers until healing. Analysis of data from the Alberta Endoscopy Project indicates that fewer than 50% of patients diagnosed with benign gastric ulcer had undergone a repeat procedure. The practice and attitudes of physician members of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology (CAG) on the follow-up of such patients were assessed.METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire was mailed to members of CAG. Respondents were asked to indicate their practice setting and to estimate the proportion of gastric ulcer patients in whom they perform follow-up endoscopy. They were also asked to indicate factors influencing this choice, including the role ofHelicobacter pylori.RESULTS: Fifty-seven per cent of 220 respondents indicated that they perform repeat endoscopy in 95% to 100% of individuals with benign gastric ulcer. The most common reasons influencing this choice were to ensure healing (86.3%) and to confirm the benign nature of the lesion (79.5%). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use (83.2%) and patient ill health (62.9%) were the most common reasons for not repeating the endoscopy. Twenty per cent of individuals indicated thatH pylorihad influenced a change in their practice.DISCUSSION: Physicians vary widely in their follow-up of benign gastric ulcer. Studies on the occurrence of gastric cancer in this setting are not unanimous in their conclusions. Subgroups of patients with NSAID exposure and successfully eradicatedH pyloriinfection may have a lower risk of malignancy. Studies to confirm this are warranted, and modified guidelines may be appropriate.

Role of endogenous vasopressin in development of gastric ulcer induced by restraint and water immersion

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (5) ◽  
pp. R1448-R1453
Author(s):  
K. Honda ◽  
S. Fukuda ◽  
S. E. Ishikawa ◽  
T. Kuzuya ◽  
T. Saito
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Ulcer Index ◽  
Lesion Area ◽  
Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Long Evans ◽  
Hereditary Hypothalamic Diabetes Insipidus

To elucidate the role of arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the development of stress-induced gastric ulcer, the mucosal lesions after restraint and water immersion were examined in Brattleboro strain rats with hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus (DI) and in Long-Evans rats (LE) used as controls. Restrained animals were immersed in water for 2 h, and the size of lesion was expressed as percentage of the lesion area to the total glandular mucosal area, which were defined as ulcer index (UI). In DI rats, UI was significantly higher than in control LE rats, despite the attenuated responses of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) to stress. Although subcutaneous injection of selective antidiuretic analogue 1-desamino-8-D-AVP did not affect UI, intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of AVP reduced UI in DI rats, and icv administration of V1 antagonist [d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)]AVP elevated UI in LE rats. These results indicate that endogenous AVP plays a role in preventing the formation of gastric ulcers induced by stress via a central V1 receptor. Furthermore, we suggest that elevation of ACTH in plasma is not essential in the development of stress-induced gastric ulcer in rats.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Demonstration of a Benign Gastric Ulcer with Gastric Outlet Obstruction

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
PL Pattee ◽  
HH Tao ◽  
R Bhargava ◽  
A Al-Alwadhi
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Gastric Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Gastric Surgery ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Benign Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Muscular Layer ◽  
Benign Nature

A benign antral gastric ulcer in an adult causing gastric outlet obstruction was demonstrated by ultrasonography. The extent and benign nature of the ulcer was suggested by ultrasound before gastric surgery was performed. Features implying a benign gastric ulcer were: observation of peristaltic waves through the underlying muscular layer, homogenicity of the ulcer crater and characteristic mound or volcano-like appearance of the heaped-up folds of mucosa. The differential diagnosis and the role of ultrasound in the diagnosis of gastric ulcers are discussed.

scholarly journals Role of Daucus carota in Enhancing Antiulcer Profile of Pantoprazole in Experimental Animals

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 5287
Author(s):  
Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq ◽  
Earla Swathi ◽  
Sunil S Dhamanigi ◽  
Mohammed Asad ◽  
Yahya Ali Mohzari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Ulcer ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Ulcer Healing ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Chronic Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Pylorus Ligation

The carrot plant (Daucus carota) and its components are traditionally reported for the management of gastric ulcers. This study was performed to evaluate the role of carrot when administered concurrently with a conventional antiulcer treatment, pantoprazole, in alleviating gastric and duodenal ulcers in female experimental animals. The study involved standard animal models to determine the ulcer preventive effect using pylorus ligation, ethanol, and stress induced acute gastric ulcer models and duodenal ulcer models involving cysteamine. Acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcer and indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer models were used to evaluate the ulcer healing effect. Carrot fruit (500 mg/kg) and its co-administration with pantoprazole produced significant protection in an ethanol- and stress-induced acute gastric ulcer and cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer. The healing of the acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcer was also augmented with this combination. Both total proteins and mucin contents were significantly increased in indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers. Similarly, in pylorus ligation, the pepsin content of gastric juice, total acidity, and free acidity were reduced. Overall, both ulcer preventive effects and ulcer healing properties of the pantoprazole were significantly enhanced in animals who received the co-administration of carrot fruit (500 mg/kg).

New ways in the treatment of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer

1936 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 909-916
Author(s):  
Ya. I. Daikhovsky
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Ulcer ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Duodenal Ulcers ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Local Disease

If until now the views of most authors still diverge on the pathogenesis of gastric ulcers, then there is complete unanimity in assessing the role of the nervous system in the development and course of gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers, stomach ulcers and duodenal ulcers have long ceased to be considered as local disease, it is a manifestation of a disease of the whole organism with the localization of the process in the stomach or duodenal ulcer, which finds its expression in the term peptic ulcer disease. This view, firmly established in medicine, on stomach and duodenal ulcers is impossible, of course, not consider when it comes to treating this suffering.

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