scholarly journals The Impact of Leprosy on Marital Relationships and Sexual Health among Married Women in Eastern Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna T. van ’t Noordende ◽  
Wim H. van Brakel ◽  
Nandlal Banstola ◽  
Krishna P. Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experiences Of Women ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background. Leprosy is one of the most stigmatized diseases known today. The stigma surrounding leprosy can be a major burden and affects many dimensions of a person’s life, including intimate relationships. We aimed to investigate the experiences of women affected by leprosy regarding marital life and sexuality, comparing these to the experiences of women with other physical disabilities and to those of able-bodied women in South-East Nepal.Methods. This study used a qualitative approach and a cross-sectional, nonrandom survey design. Thirty women underwent in-depth interviews about their marital and sexual relationship by means of a semi-structured interview guide. These thirty women included ten women affected by leprosy, ten women with other physical disabilities, and ten able-bodied women living in South-East Nepal.Results. We found that many women faced violence and abuse in their marriages. However, women affected by leprosy appeared to face more problems with regard to their marital and sexual relationships than women with physical disabilities and able-bodied women. Some of these related to the fear of leprosy.Conclusions. Further research is recommended to investigate the extent of this problem and ways to ameliorate the situation of the affected women. Education and counselling at diagnosis may help prevent many of the problems reported.

scholarly journals the Phenomenology Study: Post-Flood and Landslide Farmers Resilience Experiences in Klungkung Village, Sukorambi District, Jember Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
FITRIO DEVIANTONY
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Unusual Event ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Family Economy ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews

Floods and landslides are disasters that can cause a lot of damage related to the material and of course fatalities, as well as the amount of damage from the environment that occurs, and other impacts will undoubtedly affect the psychology of the communities that changed by the disaster. The psychological effect of this unusual event will undoubtedly lead to trauma or it called posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aims to explore the experiences of farmers who experience floods and landslides directly, the research design used is a qualitative research design using an interpretative phenomenology approach. The technique of collecting data used in-depth interviews with a semi-structured interview guide involving five participants and analyzed using interpretative analysis of phenomenology. This study produced six themes including disasters that occur due to humans, accepting the existing reality, getting closer to God, having the desire to farm again, recovering the family economy, keeping the environment around and improving themselves. The role of health workers is important because the impact caused by this condition can be worse so that health workers need to provide services so that farmers can understand, live and be able to accept and adapt to the conditions that occur

scholarly journals Life Without a Breast: Exploring the Experiences of Young Nigerian Women After Mastectomy for Breast Cancer

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Olalekan Olasehinde ◽  
Olujide Arije ◽  
Funmilola Olanike Wuraola ◽  
Marguerite Samson ◽  
Olawumi Olajide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Psychosocial Needs ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Nigerian Women ◽  
Psychosocial Concerns ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experiences Of Women ◽  
Depth Interviews

PURPOSE The majority of women managed for breast cancer in Nigeria are relatively young, many in their forties. Mastectomy, the most common surgical treatment, raises psychosocial concerns. Understanding these concerns may help address the fears of women who refuse treatment and aid in the care of those who have had mastectomy. METHODS Using qualitative methods, we purposively sampled women 45 years of age and younger who underwent mastectomy for breast cancer at a Nigerian teaching hospital. One-on-one in-depth interviews were conducted using an unstructured interview guide. Data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed to identify themes and subthemes. RESULTS The study identified six major themes on the impact of mastectomy on psychosocial lives of women, namely decision for mastectomy, postmastectomy transition, body image changes, relationship with husband and sexual life, coping with life postmastectomy, and social support. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the importance of addressing individual patient’s psychosocial needs and preferences when discussing breast cancer treatment with young women. The experiences of women described in this study reveal several useful themes for planning treatment protocols and postmastectomy care.

Are e-learning Webinars the future of medical education? An exploratory study of a disruptive innovation in the COVID-19 era

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Colin J. McMahon ◽  
Justin T. Tretter ◽  
Theresa Faulkner ◽  
R. Krishna Kumar ◽  
Andrew N. Redington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Learning ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective: This study investigated the impact of the Webinar on deep human learning of CHD. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional survey design study used an open and closed-ended questionnaire to assess the impact of the Webinar on deep learning of topical areas within the management of the post-operative tetralogy of Fallot patients. This was a quantitative research methodology using descriptive statistical analyses with a sequential explanatory design. Results: One thousand-three-hundred and seventy-four participants from 100 countries on 6 continents joined the Webinar, 557 (40%) of whom completed the questionnaire. Over 70% of participants reported that they “agreed” or “strongly agreed” that the Webinar format promoted deep learning for each of the topics compared to other standard learning methods (textbook and journal learning). Two-thirds expressed a preference for attending a Webinar rather than an international conference. Over 80% of participants highlighted significant barriers to attending conferences including cost (79%), distance to travel (49%), time commitment (51%), and family commitments (35%). Strengths of the Webinar included expertise, concise high-quality presentations often discussing contentious issues, and the platform quality. The main weakness was a limited time for questions. Just over 53% expressed a concern for the carbon footprint involved in attending conferences and preferred to attend a Webinar. Conclusion: E-learning Webinars represent a disruptive innovation, which promotes deep learning, greater multidisciplinary participation, and greater attendee satisfaction with fewer barriers to participation. Although Webinars will never fully replace conferences, a hybrid approach may reduce the need for conferencing, reduce carbon footprint. and promote a “sustainable academia”.

Prevalence and family factors associated with loneliness during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study from South India

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
G. Sanjana ◽  
Vijaya Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
South India ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Family Discord ◽  
The Impact

Background: Loneliness can affect anyone at any point in their life. It can be detrimental to the wellbeing and quality of life of individuals and communities. In the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, loneliness is considered as a public health crisis. Hence, the objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of loneliness and family related factors associated with loneliness among general population in south India. Materials and Methods: The study employed a crosssectional online survey design. The data was collected in the first phase of the lockdown in 2020 from adults in Southern India. Socio-demographic profile and family related variables were collected using a semistructured proforma. Loneliness was assessed by UCLA loneliness scale. Results: Of 573 total respondents to the survey, aged between 18-65 years, 43% were male and 57% were female. The overall prevalence of loneliness was 63% (358/573). No significant gender differences were observed in the prevalence of loneliness. Family discord was associated with higher rates of loneliness (p less than 0.01). Other factors associated were younger age and being single. Conclusion: Rates of loneliness during the COVID-19 lockdown were high in Southern India. Findings suggest that interventions should prioritize younger people. Increasing social support and improving interpersonal skills, which in turn would help reduce family discord and may reduce the impact of COVID-19 on loneliness.

scholarly journals What do we know about the impact of sexual violence on health and health behaviour of women in Estonia?

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedda Lippus ◽  
Made Laanpere ◽  
Kai Part ◽  
Inge Ringmets ◽  
Helle Karro
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexual Behaviours ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Sexual violence against women is a major public health issue and a breach of human rights. Although various consequences of sexual violence on health have been described in a large number of scientific publications, very little is known about this topic in Estonia. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of sexual violence and associations between exposure to sexual violence and risky health and sexual behaviours among women in Estonia. Methods A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Estonia in 2014. Self-reported data regarding selected indicators of risky health and sexual behaviours were collected from 1670 women, aged 18–44 years, via a self-administered questionnaire. To measure the prevalence of sexual violence, questions from the NorVold Abuse Questionnaire were included. Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyse the data. Results Of the respondents, 22.7% (n = 379) reported being exposed to sexual violence during their lifetime, and over half of these women had had these experiences before the age of 18. Statistically significant associations were found between sexual violence and smoking (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.32, 95% CI 1.03–1.70), alcohol consumption (AOR 1.52, 95% CI 1.18–1.95), illicit drug use (AOR 2.21, 95% CI 1.70–2.89), sexual intercourse for money or other material reward (AOR 3.51, 95% CI 1.62–7.61), concurrent sexual relationships (AOR 2.64; 95% CI 1.80–3.86), and being diagnosed with sexually transmitted infections (AOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.09–2.01). Conclusions In Estonia, sexual violence against women is widespread and is associated with several risky health and sexual behaviours. Efforts should be made, both among the general public and professionals, to raise awareness regarding the prevalence and negative impact of sexual violence. Women who have been exposed to sexual violence are in need of professional medical, legal and psychological help free from prejudice to help them recover from such traumatic events.

Effect of Unobserved Contextual Factors on the Prevalence of New Psychoactive Substance Use in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-259
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
New Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
New Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cluster Environment ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To explore the associations of characteristics of the cluster environment with new psychoactive substances (NPS) use in Thailand. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done on 30,411 Thai people, stratified in multi-stage cluster sampling. Trained interviewers conducted a semi-structured interview in 2016. A multilevel binary logistic regression model was employed to estimate the effects of the cluster environment on the NPS use. Results: NPS was widely used. The past month prevalence was 13.6%, and habitual use was 4.4%. Clustering significantly affects the spread of NPS use. Controlling for cluster effects, a likelihood of current NPS use was associated with elementary education, occupation, and reported health problems. While a higher likelihood of habitual NPS use was associated with elementary education, employed, and perceived mental health problem. Conclusion: NPS use was influenced by characteristics of the cluster environment. Therefore, demand reduction strategies should be designed based on a consideration of the impact of cluster context on NPS use behaviors. Keywords: Cluster effect, New psychoactive substance, NPS, Thailand

scholarly journals Pharmacist—Pharmacy Technician Intraprofessional Collaboration and Workplace Integration: Implications for Educators

Pharmacy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Jetha ◽  
Ali Walji ◽  
Paul Gregory ◽  
Dalya Abdulla ◽  
Zubin Austin
Keyword(s):  
Continuing Professional Development ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Multiple Stakeholder ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Pharmacy Technicians ◽  
Intraprofessional Collaboration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

Globally, concerns have been expressed regarding the impact of regulation of pharmacy technicians. After more than a decade of experience with technician regulation in Ontario, Canada, uptake of the full scope of practice for technicians has been sporadic at best. The objective of this study was to examine barriers and facilitators to intraprofessional collaboration between pharmacists and pharmacy technicians for the purpose of identifying possible curricular or educational interventions to enhance workplace integration. A qualitative, interview-based study of 24 pharmacists, technicians, educators, pharmacy managers, and owners was undertaken using a semi-structured interview guide. Key findings of this research include: (i) Confirmation of suboptimal utilization of regulated technicians in practice; (ii) identification of crucial knowledge and skills gaps for both pharmacists and technicians; and (iii) proposals for undergraduate education and training, and continuing professional development learning opportunities to address these gaps. In order to achieve the promise and potential of regulation of pharmacy technicians, system-wide change management—beginning with education—will be required and will benefit from multiple stakeholder engagement and involvement.

scholarly journals Performance Appraisal as an Antecedent to Innovation: an Analysis of Its Relative Importance

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Navin Gazanchand Matookchund ◽  
Renier Steyn
Keyword(s):  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
South African ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
African Context ◽  
Broad Cross Section ◽  
The Impact

Literature suggests that performance appraisal (PA) contributes to innovation. However, the absolute and relative importance of PA to innovation, the different aspects of PA which drive innovation, as well as PA as a precursor among other antecedents to innovation, has not been adequately described. The aim of the study is to provide clarity on the drivers of innovation, specifically contextualising the impact of PA within the South African context. This study used a cross-sectional survey design, where only quantitative data was collected from full-time employees across private sector, parastatal, and government organisations. The respondents represented a broad cross-section of South African employees. PA and three other known antecedents to innovation, as well as innovation itself, were measured. It was found that PA (as a single variable) was responsible for 5.7% of the variance in innovation. Items in the PA scale with a clear link to innovation were identified, and thematically integrated. It was further found that, when PA was combined with other antecedents of innovation, leading to 26.6% of the variance in innovation being explained, the role of PA was significant, though mostly secondary. Proactive personality was the most dominant predictor of innovation. The importance and relative importance of PA as an antecedent to innovation in the workplace has thus been established. The outcomes of this study may assist managers and human resource practitioners to focus on appropriate, evidence-based information when attempting to enhance innovation.

The Role of Helplessness in the Appraisal of Illness Uncertainty in Women With Fibromyalgia

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-352
Author(s):  
Melody D. Reibel ◽  
Marianne H. Hutti
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Illness Uncertainty ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain disorder characterized by uncertainty in etiology, symptomatology, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome. The high level of illness uncertainty that results from fibromyalgia is a risk factor for maladjustment to illness. A cross-sectional survey design was used to examine the relationships among illness uncertainty, helplessness, and subjective well-being in 138 women with fibromyalgia. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine a predictive model for mediation. We found illness uncertainty is negatively associated with subjective well-being and that helplessness strongly influences the impact of illness uncertainty on subjective well-being in women with fibromyalgia.

Sexual Activity and Sex Hormone Levels in Aging Men

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshe Sadowsky ◽  
Helen Antonovsky ◽  
Reuven Sobel ◽  
Benyamin Maoz
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Primary Care Clinic ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Hormones ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Aging Men ◽  
The Impact

A cross-sectional study of 60 men aged 65–80 was carried out to test the impact of the aging process on sexual hormones (testoterone, FSH, LH, prolactin), sexual activity, and the relations between them. Blood samples for hormone assays were taken between 8–9 A.M. in the primary care clinic at which the participants were registered. Data on sexual activity (coitus), sexual desire (libido), marital status, and age were obtained from the respondents by means of a structured interview. No relationship was found between testosterone (T) or prolactin (PL) and sexual activity. Nevertheless, a statistically significant relationship between FSH and LH versus age, and an inverse relationship between sexual activity and age were found. Hypogonadism (T level less than 3ng/ml) with normal levels of FSH and LH was observed in 11 respondents.

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