scholarly journals Constituents of French Marigold (Tagetes patulaL.) Flowers Protect Jurkat T-Cells against Oxidative Stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irakli Chkhikvishvili ◽  
Tamar Sanikidze ◽  
Nunu Gogia ◽  
Maia Enukidze ◽  
Marine Machavariani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Jurkat Cells ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Jurkat T Cells ◽  
Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The flowers of French marigold (Tagetes patulaL.) are widely used in folk medicine, in particular for treating inflammation-related disorders. However, cellular mechanisms of this activity demand further investigation. In the present work, we studied the potential ofT. patulacompounds to alleviate the oxidative stress in hydrogen peroxide-challenged human lymphoblastoid Jurkat T-cells. Crude extracts of marigold flowers and purified fractions containing flavonoids patuletin, quercetagetin, and quercetin and their derivatives, as well as the carotenoid lutein, were brought in contact with Jurkat cells challenged with 25 or 50 μM H2O2. Hydrogen peroxide caused oxidative stress in the cells, manifested as generation of superoxide and peroxyl radicals, reduced viability, arrested cell cycle, and enhanced apoptosis. The stress was alleviated by marigold ingredients that demonstrated high radical-scavenging capacity and enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes involved in neutralization of reactive oxygen species. Flavonoid fraction rich in quercetin and quercetagetin showed the highest cytoprotective activity, while patuletin in high dose exerted a cytotoxic effect associated with its anticancer potential.T. patulacompounds enhanced the production of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant interleukin-10 (IL-10) in Jurkat cells. Both direct radical-scavenging capacity and stimulation of protective cellular mechanisms can underlay the anti-inflammatory properties of marigold flowers.

scholarly journals Rosmarinic Acid-Rich Extracts of Summer Savory (Satureja hortensisL.) Protect Jurkat T Cells against Oxidative Stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irakli Chkhikvishvili ◽  
Tamar Sanikidze ◽  
Nunu Gogia ◽  
Tamar Mchedlishvili ◽  
Maia Enukidze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Jurkat Cells ◽  
Peroxyl Radicals ◽  
G1 Arrest ◽  
Acid Fraction ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Jurkat T Cells ◽  
Phenolic Fraction

Summer savory (Satureja hortensisL.,Lamiaceae) is used in several regions of the world as a spice and folk medicine. Anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects ofS. hortensisand of its rosmarinic acid-rich phenolic fraction have been demonstrated in animal trials. However, previous studies of rosmarinic acid in cell models have yielded controversial results. In this study, we investigated the effects of summer savory extracts on H2O2-challenged human lymphoblastoid Jurkat T cells. LC-MS analysis confirmed the presence of rosmarinic acid and flavonoids such as hesperidin and naringin in the phenolic fraction. Adding 25 or 50 µM of H2O2to the cell culture caused oxidative stress, manifested as generation of superoxide and peroxyl radicals, reduced cell viability, G0/G1 arrest, and enhanced apoptosis. This stress was significantly alleviated by the ethanolic and aqueous extracts ofS. hortensisand by the partially purified rosmarinic acid fraction. The application of an aqueousS. hortensisextract doubled the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the cells. The production of IL-2 and IL-10 interleukins was stimulated by H2O2and was further enhanced by the addition of theS. hortensisextract or rosmarinic acid fraction. The H2O2-challenged Jurkat cells may serve as a model for investigating cellular mechanisms of cytoprotective phytonutrient effects.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF FORCED EXERCISE (TAP STRESS) ON DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER AND EFFICACY OF ABHRAK BHASMA AS DIETARY SUPPLEMENT.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Rambhadur P Subedi ◽  
Rekha R Vartak ◽  
Purushottam G Kale
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cylindrical Tube ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Natural Tendency

 Objective: Generation of reactive oxygen species and other oxidants as an outcome of aerobic respiration has been well documented. During boosted muscular activities/exercise, there is an increase in the rate of respiration and subsequent generation of oxidants; for which, organisms possess various defense systems. There is, however, paucity of reports on the effect of forced exercise in Drosophila melanogaster.Methods: The present investigation reports a method for inducing forced exercise, the “tap stress,” in D. melanogaster. This method takes advantage of the natural tendency of Drosophila flies to climb/fly upward in a cylindrical tube. Simplicity of assembly, ease of experimentation and cost effectiveness are some of the key advantages of this method. Tap stress has been assumed to manifest through the generation of oxidative stress, thus, parameters indicative of oxidative stress have been evaluated.Results: The results indicate that tap stress induces oxidative stress mainly by influencing the non-catalytic components; total reduced glutathione (GSH), GSH: oxidized glutathione ratio, and free radical scavenging capacity. The catalytic components (superoxide dismutase, and catalase), on the contrary, remain largely unaffected. Abhrak bhasma (AB) influences total GSH content with an increase by about 38±21%, while flies on control diet register a decrease in total GSH content by 34±7% during tap stress. Feeding flies on AB, specifically, show a prominent increase in the transcription levels of cap “n” collar C, heat shock protein 70 and catalase genes (>1.5 fold).Conclusion: Overall, dietary supplement of AB and ascorbic acid benefits Drosophila flies in the management of oxidative stress induced through tap stress. 

scholarly journals Comparison of Functional Properties of the Bael Fruit at Various Levels of Maturity

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-142
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Hydroxyl Hydrogen

Aegle marmelos fruit is packed with immense medicinal properties. The main objective of the studywas to assess and compare the phytochemical potency, antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory activity of unripe, ripe and overripe fruits. The fruit pulp was dried and extract (ripe fruit) was prepared in various solvents. Phytochemical assessment was done and the solvent which exhibited maximum potency was chosen as unripe and ripe fruit solvents. Phytochemical assessment, estimation of phenols (FolinCiocalteau method), antioxidant capacity (Molybdate method), anti-inflammatory activity (membrane stabilization property method) and Free radical scavenging capacity for hydroxyl, hydrogen peroxide and DPPH free radicals were carried out. The phytochemical screening of the ripe fruit showed maximum intensity in hydroethanolic extract. On comparison, ripe fruit extract possessed a greater phytochemical potency, antioxidant capacity and inhibition against hydroxyl, hydrogen peroxide, DPPH radicals. The total phenolic content of the over ripe fruit was high. The anti-inflammatory activity of unripe fruit was slightly higher than ripe fruit. This signifies that phytochemical potency and functional properties of the fruit differs with maturity stages.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antioxidant potential of the stem bark of Spondias mangifera Willd.

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhil Sachan ◽  
Muhammad Arif ◽  
K. Zaman ◽  
Yatindra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Significant Prolongation ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the ethyl acetate (EAFSM) and n-butanol (NBFSM) fractions of the alcoholic extract of S. mangifera bark were evaluated using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and by the tail-flick method in rats. The radical scavenging activity of the ethanolic extract, aqueous extract and fractions was determined with the DPPH radical scavenging capacity assay. Two fractions of the alcoholic extract, EAFSM and NBFSM, at doses of 75, 150, 300 mg/kg b.w. administered orally, showed a significant reduction in paw volume when compared with the respective control group challenged by carrageenan. Different doses of extract fractions also showed a significant prolongation of the tail-flick latency of the rat (P<0.01). Different concentrations of alcoholic, aqueous extracts and fractions of alcoholic extract showed significant free radical scavenging capacity against DPPH generated free radicals.

scholarly journals Extraction Process, Component Analysis, and In Vitro Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Total Flavonoid Extracts from Abutilon theophrasti Medic. Leaves

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunlian Tian ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Caixia Yang ◽  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Flavonoid Fraction ◽  
Process Component

The flavonoid fraction was extracted from the leaves of Abutilon theophrasti Medic., which are usually used as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of inflammation and joint pain. The current study focused on the extraction process, component analysis, and in vitro antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities of the flavonoid fraction as a part of ongoing research on bioactive substances from natural plant sources. This study evaluated the antioxidant activities via assays of DPPH radical scavenging capacity, ABTS radical scavenging capacity, and reducing power and investigated inhibitory activities against Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus. Moreover, the inflammatory activity of the flavonoid fraction was estimated by measurement of the content of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1-beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, nitric oxide, and cyclooxygenase-2 and the gene expression levels of several inflammation markers, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, in RAW 264.7 macrophages after LPS treatment. In addition, the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanisms, that is, the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, were also revealed from the gene and protein expression levels. Taken together, these results suggested that the flavonoid fraction might exert in vitro antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and will be potentially useful as an adjuvant treatment for oxidative stress and bacterial and inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF FORCED EXERCISE (TAP STRESS) ON DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER AND EFFICACY OF ABHRAK BHASMA AS DIETARY SUPPLEMENT.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Rambhadur P Subedi ◽  
Rekha R Vartak ◽  
Purushottam G Kale
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cylindrical Tube ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Natural Tendency

 Objective: Generation of reactive oxygen species and other oxidants as an outcome of aerobic respiration has been well documented. During boosted muscular activities/exercise, there is an increase in the rate of respiration and subsequent generation of oxidants; for which, organisms possess various defense systems. There is, however, paucity of reports on the effect of forced exercise in Drosophila melanogaster.Methods: The present investigation reports a method for inducing forced exercise, the “tap stress,” in D. melanogaster. This method takes advantage of the natural tendency of Drosophila flies to climb/fly upward in a cylindrical tube. Simplicity of assembly, ease of experimentation and cost effectiveness are some of the key advantages of this method. Tap stress has been assumed to manifest through the generation of oxidative stress, thus, parameters indicative of oxidative stress have been evaluated.Results: The results indicate that tap stress induces oxidative stress mainly by influencing the non-catalytic components; total reduced glutathione (GSH), GSH: oxidized glutathione ratio, and free radical scavenging capacity. The catalytic components (superoxide dismutase, and catalase), on the contrary, remain largely unaffected. Abhrak bhasma (AB) influences total GSH content with an increase by about 38±21%, while flies on control diet register a decrease in total GSH content by 34±7% during tap stress. Feeding flies on AB, specifically, show a prominent increase in the transcription levels of cap “n” collar C, heat shock protein 70 and catalase genes (>1.5 fold).Conclusion: Overall, dietary supplement of AB and ascorbic acid benefits Drosophila flies in the management of oxidative stress induced through tap stress. 

scholarly journals Investigating the Antioxidant Characteristics of Saccharina Latissima and Its Ability to Reduce Inflammation in RAW 264.7 Cells (P06-091-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Wiegand ◽  
Gretchen Grebe ◽  
Carrie Byron ◽  
Angela Myracle
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Saccharina Latissima ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The University ◽  
Gallic Acid Equivalent

Abstract Objectives The goal of this study is to understand the anti-inflammatory characteristics of Saccharina latissima (sugar kelp). Sugar kelp is a brown macroalga that grows readily off the coast of Maine. Other seaweeds are known to contain bioactive chemicals that reduce inflammation—a contributing factor to metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. It is hypothesized that injuring farmed sugar kelp by trimming the kelp may increase the beneficial bioactives and promote anti-inflammatory effects. The specific aims are (1) to produce extracts of Maine-grown sugar kelp through accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), (2) to measure the samples’ antioxidant capacity, and (3) to investigate the samples’ anti-inflammatory effect in vitro. Methods Sugar kelp samples were freeze-dried and extracts were produced using ASE. Total phenolic content was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteau assay, and radical scavenging capacity was measured with a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The sugar kelp extracts were tested for cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 macrophages using a 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce inflammation in the cells, and the attenuation effect of extract doses ranging from 12.5–50 µg total phenolics (TP)/mL was observed by measuring nitric oxide (NO) secretion with the Griess assay. Results Preliminary data shows that sugar kelp contains polyphenols (8.4–16.0 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dried biomass) and radical scavenging capacity (IC50 = 61.8–79.5 µg/mL). The data did not demonstrate the trimming the kelp has a beneficial effect to increase phenolic compounds. The polyphenolic contents of the trimmed samples were lower than the untrimmed (9.5 vs. 13.1 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dried biomass). The radical scavenging capacity decreased when the samples were trimmed (14.7%). The greatest decrease in NO production was at a concentration of 50 μg TP/mL for a trimmed sample (up to 78.5%), which supports the hypothesis. Conclusions This data suggests that sugar kelp may be a good source of antioxidants and trimmed samples may contain additional bioactives to help decrease inflammation. Further investigation is needed to confirm the hypothesis. Funding Sources The University of Maine The University of New England

scholarly journals Fish and Shellfish-Derived Anti-Inflammatory Protein Products: Properties and Mechanisms

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3225
Author(s):  
David C. Kemp ◽  
Jung Yeon Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Inflammatory Protein ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Hydrophobic Amino Acids ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Fish And Shellfish ◽  
Seafood Processing

The interest in utilizing food-derived compounds therapeutically has been rising. With the growing prevalence of systematic chronic inflammation (SCI), efforts to find treatments that do not result in the side effects of current anti-inflammatory drugs are underway. Bioactive peptides (BAPs) are a particularly promising class of compounds for the treatment of SCI, and the abundance of high-quality seafood processing byproducts (SPB) makes it a favorable material to derive anti-inflammatory BAPs. Recent research into the structural properties of anti-inflammatory BAPs has found a few key tendencies including they tend to be short and of low molecular weight (LMW), have an overall positive charge, contain hydrophobic amino acids (AAs), and be rich in radical scavenging AAs. SPB-derived anti-inflammatory BAPs have been observed to work via inhibition of the NF-κB and MAPK pathways by disrupting the phosphorylation of IκBα and one or more kinases (ERK, JNK, and p38), respectively. Radical scavenging capacity has also been shown to play a significant role in the efficacy of SPB-derived anti-inflammatory BAPs. To determine if SPB-derived BAPs can serve as an effective treatment for SCI it will be important to understand their properties and mechanisms of action, and this review highlights such findings in recent research.

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