scholarly journals In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Nanoparticles: A Comparison between Particle Size and Cell Type

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devashri Sahu ◽  
G. M. Kannan ◽  
Mukul Tailang ◽  
R. Vijayaraghavan
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Lung Epithelial Cells ◽  
Differential Sensitivity ◽  
Human Monocytes ◽  
Toxic Response ◽  
Human Lung Cells ◽  
Micron Size ◽  
Nano Size

The reduction in size of Zinc oxide (ZnO) and Silicon dioxide (SiO2) particles from micron to nano scale offers unique physical characteristics on one hand while making them cytotoxic on other hand. The present study was aimed at comparing cytotoxic effects of ZnO and SiO2 nanoparticles with their micron size and secondary aim was to compare responses of these particles to two different cell types, namely, human lung epithelial cells (L-132) and human monocytes (THP-1). The L-132 and THP-1 cells were exposed to nano and micron size of ZnO and SiO2 particles with different concentrations (5–500 μg/mL) for 24 h, and cytotoxicity was analyzed by MTT assay, live-dead staining, and TC-50 was calculated. ZnO and SiO2 particles showed concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in both cell lines. In size-dependent study, ZnO particles exhibited nearly equal toxicity profile in L-132 cells while in THP-1 cells nano ZnO showed more toxicity than its micron size. The SiO2 particles showed more toxicity in their nano size than micron size in both cell lines. Human monocytes, THP-1 cells, were more sensitive towards the toxicity of both particles than human lung cells, L-132. The results highlight the difference of cytotoxicity between particle sizes and differential sensitivity of cells towards the particles of same composition. In conclusion, ZnO and SiO2 particles exhibited concentration-dependent toxicity, which was more in their nano size than micron counterpart. However, the toxic response varies depending on type of cell exposed due to differential sensitivity.

scholarly journals Enhanced Proliferation and Growth of Human Lung Epithelial Cells on Gelatin Microparticle Loaded withEphedraExtracts

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolly Singh ◽  
Deepti Singh ◽  
Soon Mo Choi ◽  
Sung Soo Han
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Cellular Adhesion ◽  
Lung Epithelial Cells ◽  
Drug Release Profile ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Human Lung Cells ◽  
Lung Epithelial ◽  
Human Lung Epithelial Cells

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of extracts ofEphedra gerardianaloaded onto gelatin particles on human lung epithelial cells. Particles were synthesized using oil-water emulsification technique and were further stabilized by glutaraldehyde. Particle size was evaluated using SEM and zeta potential analyzer and was found to be in the range of 600 nm–1.32 μm. Drug release profile showed controlled and constant release of extract over the period of 5 days. In vitro biocompatibility of gelatin particles loaded with solvent-free extract ofEphedra gerardianawas tested with human lung epithelial cells. Gelatin particle acted not only as scaffold for cellular adhesion but also as carrier matrix for controlled release of extracts. The cell viability was significantly high when cultured in the presence ofEphedraextract in comparison to cells withoutEphedraand 2D system as seen in MTT, SEM, and live/dead staining assay. It is concluded that gelatin microparticle functions both as drug delivery system and scaffold; however, the main finding was the effect ofEphedraextract on human lung cells resulting in enhanced proliferation and consequent promotion of ECM production indicating that extract could be a bioactive component that can be utilized in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

scholarly journals Fluvastatin mitigates SARS-CoV-2 infection in human lung cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Zapatero-Belinchón ◽  
Rebecca Moeller ◽  
Lisa Lasswitz ◽  
Marco van Ham ◽  
Miriam Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statin Therapy ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Protein Translation ◽  
Lung Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lung Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Antiviral Immune Response ◽  
Human Lung Cells

Clinical data of patients suffering from COVID-19 have indicated that statin therapy, used to treat hypercholesterolemia, is associated with a better clinical outcome. We therefore investigated the effect of statins on SARS-CoV-2 infection in human lung cells and found that fluvastatin inhibited coronavirus infection, while other tested statins did not. Fluvastatin inhibited high and low pathogenic coronaviruses in vitro and ex vivo in a dose-dependent manner. Proteomic analyses of infected versus uninfected lung epithelial cells treated with fluvastatin, simvastatin, or rosuvastatin revealed that all tested statins modulated the cholesterol synthesis pathways without compromising the innate antiviral immune response. Strikingly, fluvastatin treatment uniquely affected the proteome of SARS-CoV-2 infected cells, specifically downregulating proteins that modulate protein translation and viral replication. These results suggest that statin therapy poses no additional risk to individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2 and that fluvastatin may have a moderate beneficial effect on SARS-CoV-2 infection by modulating protein translation.

Survival and Function of Fibroblasts Stored as Stock Cultures at a Non-freezing Temperature

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-209
Author(s):  
Anders H. G. Andrén ◽  
Anders P. Wieslander
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Freezing Temperature ◽  
Mouse Fibroblast ◽  
Toxic Response ◽  
Normal Manner ◽  
And Function

Cytotoxicity, measured as inhibition of cell growth of cultured cell lines, is a widely used method for testing the safety of biomaterials and chemicals. One major technical disadvantage with this method is the continuous routine maintenance of the cell lines. We decided to investigate the possibility of storing stock cultures of fibroblasts (L-929) in an ordinary refrigerator as a means of reducing the routine workload. Stock cultures of the mouse fibroblast cell line L-929 were prepared in plastic vials with Eagle's minimum essential medium. The vials were stored in a refrigerator at 4–10°C for periods of 7–31 days. The condition of the cells after storage was determined as cell viability, cell growth and the toxic response to acrylamide, measured as cell growth inhibition. We found that the L-929 cell line can be stored for 2–3, weeks with a viabilty > 90% and a cell growth of about 95%, compared to L-929 cells grown and subcultured in the normal manner. The results also show that the toxic response to acrylamide, using refrigerator stored L-929 cells, corresponds to that of control L-929 cells. We concluded that it is possible to store L-929 cells in a refrigerator for periods of up to 3 weeks and still use the cells for in vitro cytotoxic assays.

scholarly journals Polyphosphate Reverses the Toxicity of the Quasi-Enzyme Bleomycin on Alveolar Endothelial Lung Cells In Vitro

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 750
Author(s):  
Werner E. G. Müller ◽  
Meik Neufurth ◽  
Shunfeng Wang ◽  
Heinz C. Schröder ◽  
Xiaohong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Lung Cells ◽  
Antitumor Antibiotic ◽  
Cell Toxicity ◽  
Inorganic Polyphosphate ◽  
Human Lung Cells ◽  
Anti Cancer

The anti-cancer antitumor antibiotic bleomycin(s) (BLM) induces athyminic sites in DNA after its activation, a process that results in strand splitting. Here, using A549 human lung cells or BEAS-2B cells lunc cells, we show that the cell toxicity of BLM can be suppressed by addition of inorganic polyphosphate (polyP), a physiological polymer that accumulates and is released from platelets. BLM at a concentration of 20 µg ml−1 causes a decrease in cell viability (by ~70%), accompanied by an increased DNA damage and chromatin expansion (by amazingly 6-fold). Importantly, the BLM-caused effects on cell growth and DNA integrity are substantially suppressed by polyP. In parallel, the enlargement of the nuclei/chromatin in BLM-treated cells (diameter, 20–25 µm) is normalized to ~12 µm after co-incubation of the cells with BLM and polyP. A sequential application of the drugs (BLM for 3 days, followed by an exposure to polyP) does not cause this normalization. During co-incubation of BLM with polyP the gene for the BLM hydrolase is upregulated. It is concluded that by upregulating this enzyme polyP prevents the toxic side effects of BLM. These data might also contribute to an application of BLM in COVID-19 patients, since polyP inhibits binding of SARS-CoV-2 to cellular ACE2.

Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor promotes invasion by human lung cancer cell lines in vitro

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin-Hai Pei ◽  
Yoichi Nakanishi ◽  
Koichi Takayama ◽  
Jun Yatsunami ◽  
Feng Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Lung Cancer Cell ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Pathobiological Effects of Fibers and Tobacco-Related Chemicals in Human Lung Cells In Vitro

1989 ◽  
pp. 103-117
Author(s):  
C. C. Harris ◽  
J. C. Willey ◽  
N. Matsukura ◽  
J. F. Lechner ◽  
M. Miyashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Lung ◽  
Lung Cells ◽  
Human Lung Cells
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