scholarly journals A De-O-acylated Lipooligosaccharide-Based Adjuvant System Promotes Antibody and Th1-Type Immune Responses to H1N1 Pandemic Influenza Vaccine in Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji In Ryu ◽  
Shin Ae Park ◽  
Seo Ri Wui ◽  
Ara Ko ◽  
Ji Eun Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
H1n1 Pandemic ◽  
Vaccine Adjuvants ◽  
Adjuvant Activity ◽  
Adjuvant System

Vaccine adjuvants are agents that are used to promote immune responses to vaccine antigens and thereby to enhance the protective efficacy of the vaccines. In this study, we investigated the adjuvant activity of CIA06, an adjuvant system that is composed of a toll-like receptor 4 agonist de-O-acylated lipooligosaccharide (dLOS) and aluminum hydroxide, on the H1N1 pandemic influenza vaccine Greenflu-S® in mice. CIA06 significantly enhanced influenza-specific serum IgG, hemagglutination-inhibition, and virus-neutralizing antibody titers, which eliminated vaccine dose-dependency in the antibody response. Mice immunized with the CIA06-adjuvanted Greenflu-S showed Th1-type-predominant cytokine profiles, and both CD4+and CD8+T cell responses were induced. Immunization of mice with the CIA06-adjuvanted vaccine reduced the mortality and morbidity of mice upon lethal challenges with influenza virus, and no excessive inflammatory responses were observed in the lung tissues of the immunized mice after viral infection. These data suggest that the dLOS-based adjuvant system CIA06 can be used to promote the immune responses to influenza vaccine or to spare antigen dose without causing harmful inflammatory responses.

Evaluation of the cellular immune responses induced by a non-adjuvanted inactivated whole virus A/H5N1/VN/1203 pandemic influenza vaccine in humans

Vaccine ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Crowe ◽  
Peter Brühl ◽  
Marijan Gerencer ◽  
Michael G. Schwendinger ◽  
Andreas Pilz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune

scholarly journals Robust immune responses after one dose of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine dose in SARS-CoV-2 experienced individuals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie I. Samanovic ◽  
Amber R. Cornelius ◽  
Sophie L. Gray-Gaillard ◽  
Joseph Richard Allen ◽  
Trishala Karmacharya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Antibody Secreting Cell ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Efficacy Trials ◽  
History Of ◽  
Humoral Responses

ABSTRACTThe use of COVID-19 vaccines will play a major role in helping to end the pandemic that has killed millions worldwide. COVID-19 vaccine candidates have resulted in robust humoral responses and protective efficacy in human trials, but efficacy trials excluded individuals with prior diagnosis of COVID-19. As a result, little is known about how immune responses induced by mRNA vaccine candidates differ in individuals who recovered from COVID-19. Here, we evaluated longitudinal immune responses to two-dose BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination in 13 adults who recovered from COVID-19, compared to 19 adults who did not have prior COVID-19 diagnosis. Consistent with prior studies of mRNA vaccines, we observed robust cytotoxic CD8 T cell responses in both cohorts. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals had progressive increases in humoral and antigen-specific antibody-secreting cell (ASC) responses following each dose of vaccine, whereas SARS-CoV-2-experienced individuals demonstrated strong humoral and antigen-specific ASC responses to the first dose but muted responses to the second dose of the vaccine for the time points studied. Together, these data highlight the relevance of immunological history for understanding vaccine immune responses and may have significant implications for personalizing mRNA vaccination regimens used to prevent COVID-19.One Sentence SummaryPrior history of COVID-19 affects adaptive immune responses to mRNA vaccination.

scholarly journals Cytokines: The Future of Intranasal Vaccine Adjuvants

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afton L. Thompson ◽  
Herman F. Staats
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Vaccine Adjuvants ◽  
Adjuvant Activity ◽  
Subunit Vaccines ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Nasal Vaccine ◽  
Intranasal Vaccine ◽  
Nasal Immunization

Due to its potential as an effective, needle-free route of immunization for use with subunit vaccines, nasal immunization continues to be evaluated as a route of immunization in both research and clinical studies. However, as with other vaccination routes, subunit vaccines often require the addition of adjuvants to induce potent immune responses. Unfortunately, many commonly used experimental vaccine adjuvants, such as cholera toxin andE. coliheat-labile toxin, are too toxic for use in humans. Because new adjuvants are needed, cytokines have been evaluated for their ability to provide effective adjuvant activity when delivered by the nasal route in both animal models and in limited human studies. It is the purpose of this paper to discuss the potential of cytokines as nasal vaccine adjuvants.

scholarly journals Immunogenicity and Tolerability of an MF59-adjuvanted, Egg-derived, A/H1N1 Pandemic Influenza Vaccine in Children 6–35 Months of Age

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. e320-e329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Knuf ◽  
Geert Leroux-Roels ◽  
Hans. C. Rümke ◽  
Katia Abarca ◽  
Luis Rivera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
H1n1 Pandemic
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