scholarly journals Pattern of Breast Cancer Distribution in Ghana: A Survey to Enhance Early Detection, Diagnosis, and Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Naku Ghartey Jnr ◽  
Akwasi Anyanful ◽  
Sebastian Eliason ◽  
Saanid Mohammed Adamu ◽  
Samuel Debrah
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Palpable Breast ◽  
Breast Lumps

Background. Nearly 70% of women diagnosed with breast cancer in Ghana are in advanced stages of the disease due especially to low awareness, resulting in limited treatment success and high death rate. With limited epidemiological studies on breast cancer in Ghana, the aim of this study is to assess and understand the pattern of breast cancer distribution for enhancing early detection and treatment.Methods. We randomly selected and screened 3000 women for clinical palpable breast lumps and used univariate and bivariate analysis for description and exploration of variables, respectively, in relation to incidence of breast cancer.Results. We diagnosed 23 (0.76%) breast cancer cases out of 194 (6.46%) participants with clinically palpable breast lumps. Seventeen out of these 23 (0.56%) were premenopausal (<46.6 years) with 7 (0.23%) being below 35 years. With an overall breast cancer incidence of 0.76% in this study, our observation that about 30% of these cancer cases were below 35 years may indicate a relative possible shift of cancer burden to women in their early thirties in Ghana, compared to Western countries.Conclusion. These results suggest an age adjustment for breast cancer screening to early twenties for Ghanaian women and the need for a nationwide breast cancer screening to understand completely the pattern of breast cancer distribution in Ghana.

scholarly journals A limited review of over diagnosis methods and long-term effects in breast cancer screening

2011 ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
Dongfeng Wu ◽  
Adriana Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Probability Modeling

Breast cancer screening programs have been effective in detecting tumors prior to symptoms. Recently, there has been concern over the issue of over-diagnosis, that is, diagnosis of a breast cancer that does not manifest prior to death. Estimates for over-diagnosis vary, ranging from 7 to 52%. This variability may be due partially to issues associated with bias and/or incorrect inferences associated with the lack of probability modeling. A critical issue is how to evaluate the long-term effects due to continued screening. Participants in a periodic screening program can be classified into four mutually exclusive groups depending on whether individuals are diagnosed and whether their symptoms appear prior to death: True-earlydetection; No-early-detection; Over-diagnosis; and Not-sonecessary. All initially superficially healthy people will eventually fall into one of these four categories. This manuscript reviews the major methodologies associated with the over-diagnosis and long-term effects of breast cancer screening.

scholarly journals Self-perceived Risk of Breast Cancer and Screening Behaviors of First-degree Female Relatives of Breast Cancer Patients at the Uganda Cancer Institute, Uganda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Provia Ainembabazi ◽  
Derrick Bary Abila ◽  
Grace Manyangwa ◽  
Godwin Anguzu ◽  
Innocent Mutyaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Perceived Risks ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Cancer Breast

Abstract Introduction In Uganda, Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females globally. The majority of the patients present with advanced-stage disease at diagnoses and experience high mortality. This underscores the importance of early detection approaches based on awareness of risk factors and self-perceived risks, and symptoms of the disease to promote adoption of risk reduction behaviors and prompt health-seeking respectively. This study assessed the self-perceived risk of breast cancer, and breast cancer screening behaviours among first-degree female relatives of breast cancer patients in Uganda.Methods This was a cross-sectional study employing quantitative approaches for data collection and analyses. First-degree female relatives of patients attending care at Uganda Cancer Institute were recruited consecutively in the study. A pre-tested coded questionnaire was used to collect data on self-perceived risks, breast cancer risks, and breast cancer screening behaviours. Data were collected between March to October 2019. A modified Poisson regression model was used to evaluate factors associated with self-perceived risk of breast cancer and breast cancer risk awareness.ResultsWe enrolled 296 first-degree female relatives from 197 female breast cancer patients. The median age (IQR) was 33 (26-43) years. A majority (60.1%, 178/296) of the participants had a low self-perceived risk of breast cancer. Breast self-examination (55.7%, 165/296) was the most practiced screening method followed by clinical breast examination (n= 64/296, 21.6%), ultrasound scan of the breast (7.8%, 23/296,), and mammogram (3.7%, 11/296). Women aged 35-44 years had a higher self-perceived risk of breast cancer (adjusted Incident Rate Ratio [aIRR]: 1.75, 95%CI: 1.10-2.80), compared to women aged 18-25 years. ConclusionFirst-degree relatives reported a low self-perceived risk of breast cancer. Breast cancer health education especially targeting younger women should emphasize the increased risk of breast cancer in first-degree relatives of patients with breast cancer. There is a need to increase awareness of breast cancer screening methods and their usefulness in the early detection of breast cancer among all women in Uganda.

Breast Cancer Screening Practice: Early Detection Saves Lives

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Rillera Marzo ◽  
Dinaramalar Sukkirasingam ◽  
Vimalan Letchumanan ◽  
Shangari Anbarasu ◽  
Thiran Raj Ramiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Practice

scholarly journals Breast cancer screening programmes in selected European countries and Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Adam Jasiura ◽  
Izabela Dera ◽  
Karolina Szlachcic ◽  
Mateusz Gorzel ◽  
Joanna Zmonarska
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Screening Programs

Breast neoplasms are the most common malignant tumors among women. In recent years breast cancer incidence rate has increased. Due to this fact the European Union presents evidence-based guidelines on breast cancer screening and diagnosis. Recommended and commonly used screening test is mammography. The effectiveness of prophylaxis is measured by a decrease in breast cancer mortality rate. Detailed recommendations in EU member countries differ from those presented by the EU institutions. This paper compares the screening programme in Poland to screening programmes in other EU members. The evaluation considers compliance with European screening guidelines and changes in mortality rates since the introduction of the screening programs. General guidelines in Poland are close to European ones. However, some Polish health centers still use analog mammography instead of recommended digital mammography. Furthermore, mortality rate changes in Poland maintain on a constant level due to women’s reluctant participation in screening tests.

Breast cancer screening for carriers of ATM, CHEK2, and PALB2 pathogenic variants: A comparative modeling analysis.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10500-10500
Author(s):  
Kathryn P. Lowry ◽  
H. Amarens Geuzinge ◽  
Natasha K. Stout ◽  
Oguzhan Alagoz ◽  
John M. Hampton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Pathogenic Variants ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

10500 Background: Inherited pathogenic variants in ATM, CHEK2, and PALB2 confer moderate to high risks of breast cancer. The optimal approach to screening in these women has not been established. Methods: We used two simulation models from the Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network (CISNET) and data from the Cancer Risk Estimates Related to Susceptibility consortium (CARRIERS) to project lifetime breast cancer incidence and mortality in ATM, CHEK2, and PALB2 carriers. We simulated screening with annual mammography from ages 40-74 alone and with annual magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) starting at ages 40, 35, 30, and 25. Joint and separate mammography and MRI screening performance was based on published literature. Lifetime outcomes per 1,000 women were reported as means and ranges across both models. Results: Estimated risk of breast cancer by age 80 was 22% (21-23%) for ATM, 28% (26-30%) for CHEK2, and 40% (38-42%) for PALB2. Screening with MRI and mammography reduced breast cancer mortality by 52-60% across variants (Table). Compared to no screening, starting MRI at age 30 increased life years (LY)/1000 women by 501 (478-523) in ATM, 620 (587-652) in CHEK2, and 1,025 (998-1,051) in PALB2. Starting MRI at age 25 versus 30 gained 9-12 LY/1000 women with 517-518 additional false positive screens and 197-198 benign biopsies. Conclusions: For women with ATM, CHEK2, and PALB2 pathogenic variants, breast cancer screening with MRI and mammography halves breast cancer mortality. These mortality benefits are similar to those for MRI screening for BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and should inform practice guidelines.[Table: see text]

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