scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity and Characterization of One New Polysaccharide Obtained fromPerigord Truffle(Tuber huidongense)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Feng Chen ◽  
Wen-wen Jiang ◽  
Shi-qi Zhang ◽  
Jian-quan Kan ◽  
Yong Liang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Separation And Purification ◽  
Edible Fungus ◽  
Main Components ◽  
First Time

As a medicinal and edible fungus parasitizing on the trees, Perigord Truffle (Tuber huidongense) is well known for its delicious taste, unique smell, and high medical value for healthcare. One new water-soluble nonstarch polysaccharide (PST-W with the yield of 0.41%) fromPerigord Truffle(Tuber huidongense) was purified and identified on structural characteristics for the first time. The characterizations of PST-W were studied on physicochemical properties, main components of monosaccharide(s), and molecular structure. The monosaccharide compositions of PST-W were studied and identified as glucan, only containing D-glucoses with the molecular structure of [→6)α-D-Glcp(1→6)  α-D-Glcp (1→]nby methylation analysis and NMR. In the determination of total reducing capacity, the reducing abilities of polysaccharide extracts could be listed as vitamin C > PST-W > crude polysaccharides-3 > crude polysaccharides-2 > crude polysaccharides-1. All of PST-W, crude polysaccharides-2, and crude polysaccharides-3 were relatively good scavenger for 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical 2,2-Diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)hydrazyl radicals with IC50of 2.81, 4.17, and 3.44 mg/mL, respectively. However,O2-∙clearing abilities of PST-W and crude polysaccharides were obviously weaker. The activities of total crude extract were the worst, indicating that the impurities might negatively affect the antioxidant activity. Thus, the separation and purification of polysaccharides were significant to increase the antioxidant activity in some degree.

Changes in the total amount of water-soluble antioxidants in the blood serum of Duroc boars depending on the duration of their fattening

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
O. A. Voronina ◽  
◽  
A. A. Savina ◽  
N. S. Kolesnik ◽  
N. V. Bogolyubova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Amperometric Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
First Time

The influence of fattening conditions on the digestive and metabolic processes in animals is actively studied to increase the production of animal food. The aim of the study was to estimate the total amount of water-soluble antioxidants in the blood serum of Duroc boars depending on the duration of fattening. Experiments were conducted on 102 animals to confirm the results of laboratory studies, as well as determination of the total antioxidant activity of pig blood serum by amperometric method. For the first time, a significant difference in antioxidant activity was found in blood samples of Duroc boars with the duration of their fattening from 81 to 101 days.

scholarly journals GC-MS Chemical Characterization of Main Components of Smilax Domingensis Wild. in Cuba

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar A. Soledispa ◽  
José González ◽  
Armando Cuéllar ◽  
Julio Pérez ◽  
Max Monan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Main Components ◽  
First Time

A preliminary chemical characterization of main components of ethanolic extract with dried rhizomes of Smilax domingensis Wid. that grow in Cuba was done using a GCMS-QP2010 Ultra Shimadzu and the mass spectra of the compounds found in the extract was matched with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library. After sample derivatization 125 chemical compounds were registered by the equipment and from them, 35 different chemical components were characterized and reported for the first time from this part of the plant in our country. The results demonstrate the developed method could be employed as a rapid and versatile analytical technique for identification of chemical constituents and quality control of Smilax domingensis.

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of green tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) extract and its major components-based nanoflowers: a new strategy to enhance antimicrobial activity

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (70) ◽  
pp. 44303-44308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşe Baldemir ◽  
N. Buse Köse ◽  
Nilay Ildız ◽  
Selen İlgün ◽  
Sadi Yusufbeyoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agent ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Main Components ◽  
First Time

In this study, for the first time, a novel organic–inorganic nanobio-antimicrobial agent called “nanoflowers” (Nfs) from Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze extracts and its main components were produced and the increase in the antimicrobial activity of Nfs was elucidated.

scholarly journals Fucoidan Characterization: Determination of Purity and Physicochemical and Chemical Properties

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
Ahmed Zayed ◽  
Mona El-Aasr ◽  
Abdel-Rahim S. Ibrahim ◽  
Roland Ulber
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Seasonal Factors ◽  
Molecular Masses ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Downstream Processes

Fucoidans are marine sulfated biopolysaccharides that have heterogenous and complicated chemical structures. Various sugar monomers, glycosidic linkages, molecular masses, branching sites, and sulfate ester pattern and content are involved within their backbones. Additionally, sources, downstream processes, and geographical and seasonal factors show potential effects on fucoidan structural characteristics. These characteristics are documented to be highly related to fucoidan potential activities. Therefore, numerous chemical qualitative and quantitative determinations and structural elucidation methods are conducted to characterize fucoidans regarding their physicochemical and chemical features. Characterization of fucoidan polymers is considered a bottleneck for further biological and industrial applications. Consequently, the obtained results may be related to different activities, which could be improved afterward by further functional modifications. The current article highlights the different spectrometric and nonspectrometric methods applied for the characterization of native fucoidans, including degree of purity, sugar monomeric composition, sulfation pattern and content, molecular mass, and glycosidic linkages.

Determination of Lead Traces by Stripping Voltammetry Using Ti(N,C) Working Electrodes

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 168-173
Author(s):  
Marta Ziemnicka ◽  
Bogusław Baś ◽  
Mateusz Jeż ◽  
Ludosław Stobierski
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electrode Surface ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Electrochemical Activation ◽  
Trace Metal Analysis ◽  
Response Performance ◽  
Disc Electrodes ◽  
First Time

Electrochemical stripping techniques still attract considerable attention for trace metal analysis and for measuring several important organic compounds, due to their unique capabilities of pre-concentrating the analytes at the electrode surface and associated favourable low limits of detection. In this work it is reported for the first time that the Ti(N0,1C0,9), Ti(N0,4C0,6) and Ti(N0,5C0,5) working disc electrodes, a „mercury-free” sensors, offers surprisingly good analytical performance and some valuable properties. The analytical applicability of the Ti(N,C) electrode was confirmed in determination of lead(II) traces in synthetic solutions both with and without surfactants, in certified reference material and in natural water samples. The effects of dissolved oxygen, acids, anions and metal ions were investigated for the Ti(N,C) electrode. Newly prepared and not activated electrode usually cannot be polarized. Therefore, to use the electrode as a voltammetric sensor, its electrochemical activation is required. Composition of conditioning electrolyte and procedures of the electrodes activation were optimized. The fabrication and the response performance of the investigated electrodes were described in the paper. The voltammetric data were associated with the structural characterization of the electrode surface using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmition electron microscopy (TEM).

scholarly journals Enzymic and structural characterization of nepenthesin, a unique member of a novel subfamily of aspartic proteinases

2004 ◽  
Vol 381 (1) ◽  
pp. 295-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senarath B. P. ATHAUDA ◽  
Koji MATSUMOTO ◽  
Sanath RAJAPAKSHE ◽  
Masayuki KURIBAYASHI ◽  
Masaki KOJIMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Cysteine Residues ◽  
Aspartic Proteinases ◽  
Protein Databases ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
First Time

Carnivorous plants are known to secrete acid proteinases to digest prey, mainly insects, for nitrogen uptake. In the present study, we have purified, for the first time, to homogeneity two acid proteinases (nepenthesins I and II) from the pitcher fluid of Nepenthes distillatoria (a pitcher-plant known locally as badura) and investigated their enzymic and structural characteristics. Both enzymes were optimally active at pH approx. 2.6 towards acid-denatured haemoglobin; the specificity of nepenthesin I towards oxidized insulin B chain appears to be similar, but slightly wider than those of other APs (aspartic proteinases). Among the enzymic properties, however, the most notable is their unusual stability: both enzymes were remarkably stable at or below 50 °C, especially nepenthesin I was extremely stable over a wide range of pH from 3 to 10 for over 30 days. This suggests an evolutionary adaptation of the enzymes to their specific habitat. We have also cloned the cDNAs and deduced the complete amino acid sequences of the precursors of nepenthesins I and II (437 and 438 residues respectively) from the pitcher tissue of N. gracilis. Although the corresponding mature enzymes (each 359 residues) are homologous with ordinary pepsin-type APs, both enzymes had a high content of cysteine residues (12 residues/molecule), which are assumed to form six unique disulphide bonds as suggested by computer modelling and are supposed to contribute towards the remarkable stability of nepenthesins. Moreover, the amino acid sequence identity of nepenthesins with ordinary APs, including plant vacuolar APs, is remarkably low (approx. 20%), and phylogenetic comparison shows that nepenthesins are distantly related to them to form a novel subfamily of APs with a high content of cysteine residues and a characteristic insertion, named ‘the nepenthesin-type AP-specific insertion’, that includes a large number of novel, orthologous plant APs emerging in the gene/protein databases.

scholarly journals METHODS OF QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DETERMINATION OF ARABINOXYLANS IN CEREALS (REVIEW)

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-43
Author(s):  
Lilia Firdavisovna Gilmullina ◽  
Mira Leonidovna Ponomareva ◽  
Sergey Nikolayevich Ponomarev ◽  
Gul'naz Suleymanovna Mannapova
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Deep Impact ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Cereal Plant ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Cereal Plants ◽  
Qualitative Determination

Arabinoxylans (AXs) – non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs)  is one of the most discussed main components contained in all parts of cereal plants. AXs combine bioactive and technological functions. As dietary fibres, they have physiologically beneficial properties for human health. AXs are water-soluble and insoluble in water. The structure, structure, quantity and properties of AXs depend on which part of the grain or cereal plant is extracted and which method of isolation is used. There are many different methods of preliminary and deep impact aimed at extraction of AXs from plant raw materials. The use of a simple method or complex treatment for quantitative and qualitative determination of AXs depends on objectives and possibilities. The overview provides data on AXs content of different crops, depending on the extraction method. The main classical methods of AXs extraction, their advantages, disadvantages, and possible limitations of use are described. The variants of calculation of the quantitative AXs content used by different authors are separately considered.

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