scholarly journals The Potential Role of Graphene in Developing the Next Generation of Endomaterials

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Patelis ◽  
Demetrios Moris ◽  
Sean Matheiken ◽  
Chris Klonaris
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Extensive Search

Graphene is the first 2-dimensional material and possesses a plethora of original properties. Graphene and its derivatives have exhibited a great potential in a number of fields, both medical and nonmedical. The aim of this review is to set the theoretical basis for further research in developing graphene-based endovascular materials. An extensive search was performed in medical and bioengineering literature. Published data on other carbon materials, as well as limited data from medical use of graphene, are promising. Graphene is a promising future material for developing novel endovascular materials. Certain issues as biocompatibility, biotoxicity, and biostability should be explored further.

scholarly journals Brazil’s Commitment to Train the Next Generation of Water Leaders: the Potential Role of UNESCO-Hidroex

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Octavio Elisio A. Brito ◽  
Tania A. S. Brito ◽  
Richard A. Meganck
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Next Generation

MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, MITOCHONDRIA AND DIET THERAPY: AN OVERVIEW

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-135
Author(s):  
Joyeta Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Neurodegenerative Process ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Day By Day

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is dened as one chronic disease of central nervous system with neurodegenerative and inammatory components, where most of the patients shown a relapsingremitting course dened by the acute inception of focal neurologic decits and consistent focal inammatory changes visible on MRI. The causal factor of this complicated autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease is still unknown. Mitochondrial dysfunction is the key contributor to the neurodegenerative process of this disease. The current review signies the possible potential role of mitochondria in MS and the different dietary approach as a disease modier with the special emphasis on mitochondrial function and neurodegenerations.Research regarding therapeutic implementation of different diet in MS is advancing day by day; but currently remains with limited data. Few studies have been intended with meticulously collected observations, and the very few clinical trials that have been executed with insufcient sample size or length to adequately assess efcacy. More epidemiological and observational studies on dietary implementations were required

scholarly journals Current and Emerging Strategies for Prediction and Diagnosis of Prelabour Rupture of the Membranes: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Saadia Ghafoor
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Foetal Membranes ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities

Prelabour rupture of membranes (PROM) refers to the disruption of foetal membranes before the onset of labour, resulting in the leakage of amniotic fluid. PROM complicates 3% and 8% of preterm and term pregnancies, respectively. Accurate and timely diagnosis is crucial for effective management to prevent adverse maternal- and foetal-outcomes. The diagnosis of equivocal PROM cases with traditional methods often becomes challenging in current obstetrics practice; therefore, various novel biochemical markers have emerged as promising diagnostic tools. This narrative review is sought to review the published data to understand the current and emerging trends in diagnostic modalities in term and preterm pregnancies complicated with PROM and the potential role of various markers for predicting preterm PROM (pPROM) and chorioamnionitis in women with pPROM.

The potential role of somatostatin analogues in the treatment of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers.

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 150-150
Author(s):  
J. Hasskarl ◽  
M. Kaufmann ◽  
H. Schmid ◽  
D. C. Metz
Keyword(s):  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Somatostatin Receptors ◽  
Somatostatin Analogues ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Antitumor Properties ◽  
Gi Cancers

150 Background: Somatostatin receptors (sstr) are expressed in various normal and malignant tissues, including non-neuroendocrine GI solid tumors. Gastric cancer (GC) cells mainly express sstr2 and sstr5, colorectal cancer (CRC) cells predominantly express sstr1 followed by sstr5 and sstr2, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells express mainly sstr5 as well as sstr1,2,3. Somatostatin analogues (SAs) may have direct and indirect antitumor activity. Octreotide and lanreotide primarily target sstr2, whereas the new agent pasireotide has high affinity for sstr1,2,3 and sstr5. Methods: Published data evaluating the antitumor properties of SAs in GI tumors were reviewed. Results: The table lists the results of clinical studies in which SAs were evaluated as antitumor therapies in GI cancers. Conclusions: Although octreotide and lanreotide are efficacious in the treatment of symptoms of neuroendocrine tumors, these agents have demonstrated mixed results in the antitumor treatment of non-neuroendocrine GI tumors. Data suggesting potential favorable outcomes with SAs alone or in combination with other agents have been seen in solid tumors with predominant sstr2 expression such as GC. Novel SAs such as pasireotide may have improved antitumor effects in non-neuroendocrine solid tumors expressing multiple sstr compared with octreotide and lanreotide. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Intravenous Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma in the Era of Intravitreal Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-148
Author(s):  
Vishal Raval ◽  
Randy Christopher Bowen ◽  
Hansell Soto ◽  
Arun Singh
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Practice Patterns ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Intravenous Chemotherapy ◽  
Intravitreal Chemotherapy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Patterns Of Recurrence ◽  
Vitreous Seeding

<b><i>Purpose:</i></b> The published data on ocular survival following intravenous chemotherapy of retinoblastoma (RB) seems to be skewed by evolving practice patterns induced by use of intravitreal chemotherapy (iVitc). We aimed to explore potential role of iVitc for vitreous seeding for patients treated with intravenous chemotherapy (IVC). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A literature search was performed to identify cases of RB treated with primary IVC prior to advent of iVitc by various search engines (PubMed, Medline, and Google) from 1992 to 2018. Studies were excluded if number of cases were less than 40 or lacked data related to type of recurrence and its treatment. Rates and patterns of recurrence and its management were categorized. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Out of 15 studies identified, only 10 studies (797 eyes) met the inclusion criteria. The mean age at presentation was 15.3 months (range 0–192.8 months). Unilateral cases represented 25% of the cohort. The ocular survival rate with primary IVC was 63% (500/797 eyes). Of the 297 eyes (37%) that failed IVC therapy, additional 99 eyes could be salvaged with EBRT (599/797 eyes, 75%). Remaining 198 eyes were enucleated (198/797 eyes 25%). K-M survival analysis could not be done due lack of sufficient data. Recurrences that occurred (mean 12.2 months) after completion of primary IVC included relapse of retinal tumor (143 eyes [48%]), vitreous seeding (73 eyes [25%]), subretinal seeding (49 eyes [16%]), or any combination (103 eyes [35%]). Out of 73 eyes with vitreous seeding, additional 66 eyes (90%) would have been salvaged with iVitc, potentially improving ocular survival rates to 71% (500 + 66/797). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Evolving practice patterns of RB treatment have unfavorably skewed published ocular survival rates following IVC. With incorporation of iVitc, the ocular survival rates with IVC can be potentially improved to be non-inferior to those achieved with intra-arterial chemotherapy.

Potential Role of Kesterites in Development of Earth Abundant Elements Based Next Generation Technology

Solar RRL ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuldeep Singh Gour ◽  
Vijay Karade ◽  
Pravin Babar ◽  
Jongsung Park ◽  
Dong Min Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Earth Abundant ◽  
Generation Technology

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance among GLASS priority pathogens from Pakistan: 2006–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dania Khalid Saeed ◽  
Joveria Farooqi ◽  
Sadia Shakoor ◽  
Rumina Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
Antimicrobial Surveillance ◽  
Evolution Of Resistance ◽  
Resistance Rates

Abstract Background In 2018 Pakistan initiated its national antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance aligned with Global Antimicrobial Surveillance System (GLASS). To complement this surveillance, we conducted a situational analysis of AMR rates among GLASS organisms in the country. Data from published studies and from antibiograms was compared and role of antibiograms as potential contributors to national AMR surveillance explored. Methods AMR rates for GLASS specified pathogen/antimicrobials combination from Pakistan were reviewed. Data sources included published studies (2006–2018) providing AMR rates from Pakistan (n = 54) as well as antibiograms (2011–2018) available on the Pakistan Antimicrobial Resistance Network (PARN) website. Resistance rates were categorized as follows: Very low: 0–10%, Low: 11–30%, Moderate: 30–50% and High: > 50%. Results Published data from hospital and community/laboratory-based studies report resistance rates of > 50% and 30–50% respectively to 3rd generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones and cotrimoxazole amongst Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Carbapenem resistance rates amongst these organisms remained below 30%. High (> 50%) resistance was reported in Acinetobacter species to aminoglycosides and carbapenems among hospitalized patients. The evolution of ceftriaxone resistant Salmonella Typhi and Shigella species is reported. The data showed > 50% to fluoroquinolones amongst Neisseria gonorrhoeae and the spread of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (< 30%; 2008) to (> 50%; 2010) in hospital settings. Resistance reported in published studies aligned well with antibiogram data. The latter also captured a clear picture of evolution of resistance over the study period. Conclusion Both published studies as well antibiograms suggest high rates of AMR in Pakistan. Antibiogram data demonstrating steady increase in AMR highlight its potential role towards supplementing national AMR surveillance efforts particularly in settings where reach of national surveillance may be limited.

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