scholarly journals Musical Electroacupuncture May Be a Better Choice than Electroacupuncture in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Jiang ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Suhua Shi ◽  
Zhigang Li
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Samp8 Mice

Objectives. To compare musical electroacupuncture and electroacupuncture in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease.Methods. In this study, 7.5-month-old male senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice were used as an Alzheimer’s disease animal model. In the normal control paradigm, 7.5-month-old male SAMR1 mice were used as the blank control group (N group). After 15 days of treatment, using Morris water maze test, micro-PET, and immunohistochemistry, the differences among the musical electroacupuncture (MEA), electroacupuncture (EA), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and normal (N) groups were assessed.Results. The Morris water maze test, micro-PET, and immunohistochemistry revealed that MEA and EA therapies could improve spatial learning and memory ability, glucose metabolism level in the brain, and Aβamyloid content in the frontal lobe, compared with the AD group (P<0.05). Moreover, MEA therapy performed better than EA treatment in decreasing amyloid-beta levels in the frontal lobe of mice with AD.Conclusion. MEA therapy may be superior to EA in treating Alzheimer’s disease as demonstrated in SAMP8 mice.

Protective Effects of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. Alkaloids on Alzheimer's Disease-like Symptoms Induced by High-methionine Diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Pi ◽  
Guangping Lang ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Jingshan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Cpg Island ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Dendrobium Nobile ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Neuron Damage ◽  
Cpg Island Methylation

Background: High methionine-diet (HMD) causes Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like symptoms. Previous studies have shown that Dendrobium nobile Lindle. alkaloids (DNLA) had potential benefits for AD. Object: Whether DNLA can improve AD-like symptoms induced by HMD is to be explored. Method: Mice were fed with 2% HMD diet for 11 weeks, the DNLA20 control group (20 mg/kg), DNLA10 group (10 mg/kg), and DNLA20 group (20 mg/kg) were administrated with DNLA for 3 months. Morris water maze test was used to detect learning and memory ability. Neuron damage was evaluated by HE and Nissl stainings. Levels of homocysteine (Hcy), beta-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ1-42), S-adenosine methionine (SAM), and S-adenosine homocysteine (SAH) were detected by ELISA. Immunofluorescence and western blotting (WB) were used to determine the expression of proteins. CPG island methylation. Results: Morris water maze test revealed that DNLA improved learning and memory dysfunction. HE, Nissl, and immunofluorescence stainings showed that DNLA alleviated neuron damage and reduced the 5-methylcytosine (5-mC), Aβ1-40, and Aβ1-42 levels. DNLA also decreased the levels of Hcy and Aβ1-42 in the serum, along with decreased SAM/SAH levels in the liver tissue. WB results showed that DNLA down-regulated the expression of the amyloid-precursor protein (APP), presenilin-1 (PS1), beta-secretase-1 (BACE1), DNA methyltransferase1 (DNMT1), Aβ1-40, and Aβ1-42 proteins. DNLA also up-regulated the expression of the protein of insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), neprilysin (NEP), DNMT3a, and DNMT3b. Meanwhile, DNLA increased CPG island methylation levels of APP and BACE1 genes. Conclusions: DNLA alleviated AD-like symptoms induced by HMD via the DNA methylation pathway.

scholarly journals Predicting outcome of Morris water maze test in vascular dementia mouse model with deep learning

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. e0191708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinori Higaki ◽  
Masaki Mogi ◽  
Jun Iwanami ◽  
Li-Juan Min ◽  
Hui-Yu Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Predicting Outcome

Acupuncture Improves Cognitive Deficits and Increases Neuron Density of the Hippocampus in Middle-Aged Samp8 Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guomin Li ◽  
Xuezhu Zhang ◽  
Haiyan Cheng ◽  
Xuemei Shang ◽  
Hui Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neuron Loss ◽  
Neuron Density ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Samp8 Mice

Objectives To examine whether acupuncture could improve cognitive deficits and reduce the loss of neurons in mice models of ageing. Methods Male 7.5-month-old senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) and age-matched senescence-resistant inbred strains 1 (SAMR1) were divided into four groups (n=15 per group): SAMP8 acupuncture group (Pa), SAMP8 non-acupuncture point control group (Pn), SAMP8 control group (Pc) and SAMR1 normal control group (Rc). The behaviours were examined by the Morris water maze test and the neuron density in the hippocampus was estimated by the optical fractionator technique. Results The Morris water maze test demonstrated that the cognitive deficits of SAMP8 mice were improved by acupuncture treatment. Neuronal loss was found in hippocampal regions CA1 (−24%), CA3 (−18%) and DG (−28%) of Pc compared with Rc. The neuron number in hippocampal CA3 and DG of the Pa group was significantly increased by therapeutic acupuncture compared with the Pc group. Conclusions Acupuncture improved the cognitive impairment of middle-aged SAMP8 mice which could be attributed to the reduced neuron loss in hippocampal regions CA3 and DG. These results suggest that reducing neuron loss in the hippocampus by acupuncture is a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and cognitive impairment diseases.

scholarly journals The NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor OLT1177 rescues cognitive impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (50) ◽  
pp. 32145-32154
Author(s):  
Niklas Lonnemann ◽  
Shirin Hosseini ◽  
Carlo Marchetti ◽  
Damaris B. Skouras ◽  
Davide Stefanoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease

Numerous studies demonstrate that neuroinflammation is a key player in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Interleukin (IL)-1β is a main inducer of inflammation and therefore a prime target for therapeutic options. The inactive IL-1β precursor requires processing by the the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome into a mature and active form. Studies have shown that IL-1β is up-regulated in brains of patients with AD, and that genetic inactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome improves behavioral tests and synaptic plasticity phenotypes in a murine model of the disease. In the present study, we analyzed the effect of pharmacological inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome using dapansutrile (OLT1177), an oral NLRP3-specific inhibitor that is safe in humans. Six-month-old WT and APP/PS1 mice were fed with standard mouse chow or OLT1177-enriched chow for 3 mo. The Morris water maze test revealed an impaired learning and memory ability of 9-mo-old APP/PS1 mice (P = 0.001), which was completely rescued by OLT1177 fed to mice (P = 0.008 to untreated APP/PS1). Furthermore, our findings revealed that 3 mo of OLT1177 diet can rescue synaptic plasticity in this mouse model of AD (P = 0.007 to untreated APP/PS1). In addition, microglia were less activated (P = 0.07) and the number of plaques was reduced in the cortex (P = 0.03) following NLRP3 inhibition with OLT1177 administration. We also observed an OLT1177 dose-dependent normalization of plasma metabolic markers of AD to those of WT mice. This study suggests the therapeutic potential of treating neuroinflammation with an oral inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome.

scholarly journals Unraveling Early Signs of Navigational Impairment in APPswe/PS1dE9 Mice Using Morris Water Maze

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smitha Karunakaran
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Maze Learning ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Behavioral Deficits ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Error Learning ◽  
Early Indicators

Mild behavioral deficits, which are part of normal aging, can be early indicators of an impending Alzheimer's disease. Using the APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) mouse model of Alzheimer's disease, we utilized the Morris water maze spatial learning paradigm to systematically evaluate mild behavioral deficits that occur during the early stages of disease pathogenesis. Conventional behavioral analysis using this model indicates that spatial memory is intact at 2 months of age. In this study, we used an alternative method to analyze the behavior of mice, aiming to gain a better understanding of the nature of cognitive deficits by focusing on the unsuccessful trials during water maze learning rather than on the successful ones. APP/PS1 mice displayed a higher number of unsuccessful trials during the initial days of training, unlike their wild-type counterparts. However, with repeated trial and error, learning in APP/PS1 reached levels comparable to that of the wild-type mice during the later days of training. Individual APP/PS1 mice preferred a non-cognitive search strategy called circling, which led to abrupt learning transitions and an increased number of unsuccessful trials. These findings indicate the significance of subtle intermediate readouts as early indicators of conditions such as Alzheimer's disease.

scholarly journals Gut Flora-Targeted Photobiomodulation Therapy Improves Senile Dementia in an Aß-Induced Alzheimer’s Disease Animal Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianqian Chen ◽  
Jinpeng Wu ◽  
Huijuan Yin ◽  
Xiaoxi Dong ◽  
Xiafei Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Senile Dementia ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gut Flora ◽  
Hormone Synthesis

Abstract Background: Emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathological progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is believed to have a positive regulatory effect on the imbalance of certain body functions, including inflammation, immunity, wound healing, nerve repair, and pain. Previous studies have found that the intestinal flora of patients with AD is in an unbalanced state. Therefore, we have proposed the use of gut flora-targeted PBM (gf-targeted PBM) as a method to improve AD in an Aß-induced AD mouse model. Methods: PBM was performed on the abdomen of the mice at the wavelengths of 630 nm, 730 nm, and 850 nm at 100 J/cm2 for 8 weeks. Morris water maze test, immunofluorescence and proteomic of hippocampus, and intestinal flora detection of fecal were used to evaluate the treatment effects of gf-targeted PBM on AD rats.Results: PBM at all three wavelengths (especially 630 nm and 730 nm) significantly improved learning retention as measured by the Morris water maze. In addition, we found reduced amyloidosis and tau phosphorylation in the hippocampus by immunofluorescence in AD mice. By using a quantitative proteomic analysis of the hippocampus, we found that gf-targeted PBM significantly altered the expression levels of 509 proteins (the same differentially expressed proteins in all three wavelengths of PBM), which involved the pathways of hormone synthesis, phagocytosis, and metabolism. The 16s rRNA gene sequencing of fecal contents showed that PBM significantly altered the diversity and abundance of intestinal flora. Specifically, PBM treatment reversed the typical increase of Helicobacter and uncultured Bacteroidales and the decrease of Rikenella seen in AD mice. Conclusions: Our data indicate that gf-targeted PBM regulates the diversity of intestinal flora, which may improve damage caused by AD. Gf-targeted PBM has the potential to be a noninvasive microflora regulation method for AD patients.

scholarly journals Effect of Donepezil and Hyoscyamoside on Improving Spatial Memory in Rats With Alzheimer's Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-539
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Heidari Soureshjani ◽  
◽  
Majid Kheirollahi ◽  
Parichehreh Yaghmaei ◽  
Fattah Sotoodehnejadnematalahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Beta Amyloid ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups

Background and Aim: Alzheimerchr('39')s Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative brain disease that gradually destroys memory and cognitive skills. The disease is caused by the formation of beta-amyloid plaques, oxidative stress, dysfunctions in the cholinergic system, neuronal killing inflammation, and ultimately brain atrophy. Donepezil and hyoscyamoside have inhibitory effects on these pathogens; therefore, their impact on the learning process of Alzheimer’s rats in the Morris Water Maze was investigated. Methods & Materials: In the present experimental study, 60 male rats of Wistar breed with approximately 7 weeks age within the control group (rats that received normal water and food), the PBS group (underwent surgery), PBS group (received solvent Aβ), the first Alzheimer›s group (animals that received beta-amyloid by Alzheimer’s surgery, second Alzheimer’s group (after Alzheimer’s surgery, they received 1 cc of normal saline daily, and treatment groups that treated the rats with beta-amyloid after Alzheimer. In the hyoscyamoside group, they received 10 mg/kg daily of hyoscyamoside for 28 days. The donepezil group received it 4 mg/kg daily for 28 days by gavage. The Morris Water Maze test was used to evaluate learning and memory. Data were analyzed by ANOVA statistical analysis and Post Hoc test. Ethical Considerations: The Ethics Committee in Biomedical Research, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch approved the research (Code: IR.IAU.SRB.REC 1397.057) Results: Beta-amyloid injection caused extensive damage to memory. The treatment groups with hyoscyamoside and donepezil spent less time and distance with a significant level (P<0.001) than the group of Alzheimer’s patients to find the hidden platform. In the reminder phase, where the previously hidden platform was located, they spent more time, with a significant level (P<0.001) in the local quarter. Conclusion: Treatment of rats with hyoscyamoside and donepezil improved spatial memory in Alzheimer’s rats. They appear to play a significant role in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.

Down-Regulation of Mir-107 Worsen Spatial Memory by Suppressing SYK Expression and Inactivating NF-ΚB Signaling Pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjie Hu ◽  
Lin Wen ◽  
Fang Cao ◽  
Yexin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Dapi Staining

Background: Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder in a central nervous system seen. Objective: We aimed to study the miR-107 in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathology through regulating SYK and NF-κB signaling pathway. </P><P> Method: Bioinformatics analysis was performed to screen NF-κB signaling pathway and differentially expressed genes. The target relationship between miR-107 and SYK was verified by dual luciferase assay. QRT-PCR and western blot analysis were used to verify the expression level of miR-107, SYK and NF- κB signaling pathway related proteins of hippocampus primary neurons. BAY61-3606 and BAY11-7082 were purchased for functional examination. Morris water maze tests were performed to access spatial memory of AD mice with SYK and NF-κB signaling pathway inhibition. Fluorescence microscope dyeing experiment investigated the neurons nuclear form and apoptosis. Results: MiR-107 was lowly expressed while SYK was highly expressed in Tg19959 mouse model. Luciferase Assay confirmed the target relationship in miR-107 and SYK. With the inhibition of miR-107, SYK was up-regulated and the increase of p-p65 and the decrease of p-IκB-α suggested that NF-κB signaling pathway was activated in vitro. Morris water maze test indicated that the spatial memory of Tg19959 mice was increased with the treatment. The result of DAPI staining indicated that the inhibition of SYK or NF-κB signaling pathway reduced the apoptosis of Tg19959 mice neuron cell. Conclusion: MiR-107 exerts its effects through suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway and SYK, the inhibition of SYK and NF-κB signaling pathway can improve spatial memory and suppress cell apoptosis.

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