scholarly journals Biosensors in Health Care: The Milestones Achieved in Their Development towards Lab-on-Chip-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suprava Patel ◽  
Rachita Nanda ◽  
Sibasish Sahoo ◽  
Eli Mohapatra
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
Testing Facility ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Huge Challenge ◽  
Chip Analysis ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Immense potentiality of biosensors in medical diagnostics has driven scientists in evolution of biosensor technologies and innovating newer tools in time. The cornerstone of the popularity of biosensors in sensing wide range of biomolecules in medical diagnostics is due to their simplicity in operation, higher sensitivity, ability to perform multiplex analysis, and capability to be integrated with different function by the same chip. There remains a huge challenge to meet the demands of performance and yield to its simplicity and affordability. Ultimate goal stands for providing point-of-care testing facility to the remote areas worldwide, particularly the developing countries. It entails continuous development in technology towards multiplexing ability, fabrication, and miniaturization of biosensor devices so that they can provide lab-on-chip-analysis systems to the community.

Point-of-Care Systems for Rapid DNA Quantification in Oncology

2008 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Bianchessi ◽  
Sarah Burgarella ◽  
Marco Cereda
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Semiconductor Industry ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
Diagnostic Assays ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Point Of Care Systems ◽  
The Common ◽  
On Chip

The development of new powerful applications and the improvement in fabrication techniques are promising an explosive growth in lab-on-chip use in the upcoming future. As the demand reaches significant levels, the semiconductor industry may enter in the field, bringing its capability to produce complex devices in large volumes, high quality and low cost. The lab-on-chip concept, when applied to medicine, leads to the point-of-care concept, where simple, compact and cheap instruments allow diagnostic assays to be performed quickly by untrained personnel directly at the patient's side. In this paper, some practical and economical considerations are made to support the advantages of point-of-care testing. A series of promising technologies developed by STMicroelectronics on lab-on-chips is also presented, mature enough to enter in the common medical practice. The possible use of these techniques for cancer research, diagnosis and treatment are illustrated together with the benefits offered by their implementation in point-of-care testing.

scholarly journals Developments in Transduction, Connectivity and AI/Machine Learning for Point-of-Care Testing

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane O’Sullivan ◽  
Zulfiqur Ali ◽  
Xiaoyi Jiang ◽  
Reza Abdolvand ◽  
M Selim Ünlü ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
On Chip

We review some emerging trends in transduction, connectivity and data analytics for Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) of infectious and non-communicable diseases. The patient need for POCT is described along with developments in portable diagnostics, specifically in respect of Lab-on-chip and microfluidic systems. We describe some novel electrochemical and photonic systems and the use of mobile phones in terms of hardware components and device connectivity for POCT. Developments in data analytics that are applicable for POCT are described with an overview of data structures and recent AI/Machine learning trends. The most important methodologies of machine learning, including deep learning methods, are summarised. The potential value of trends within POCT systems for clinical diagnostics within Lower Middle Income Countries (LMICs) and the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) are highlighted.

scholarly journals Hybrid 3D printed-paper microfluidics

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Zargaryan ◽  
Nathalie Farhoudi ◽  
George Haworth ◽  
Julian F. Ashby ◽  
Sam H. Au
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Paper Microfluidics ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
Fluid Handling ◽  
Paper Based Microfluidics ◽  
Specialized Equipment ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Hybrid Devices

Abstract 3D printed and paper-based microfluidics are promising formats for applications that require portable miniaturized fluid handling such as point-of-care testing. These two formats deployed in isolation, however, have inherent limitations that hamper their capabilities and versatility. Here, we present the convergence of 3D printed and paper formats into hybrid devices that overcome many of these limitations, while capitalizing on their respective strengths. Hybrid channels were fabricated with no specialized equipment except a commercial 3D printer. Finger-operated reservoirs and valves capable of fully-reversible dispensation and actuation were designed for intuitive operation without equipment or training. Components were then integrated into a versatile multicomponent device capable of dynamic fluid pathing. These results are an early demonstration of how 3D printed and paper microfluidics can be hybridized into versatile lab-on-chip devices.

Rapid and portable, lab-on-chip, point-of-care genotyping for evaluating clopidogrel metabolism

2015 ◽  
Vol 451 ◽  
pp. 240-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Marziliano ◽  
Maria Francesca Notarangelo ◽  
Marco Cereda ◽  
Vittoria Caporale ◽  
Lucia Coppini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
On Chip

scholarly journals Industry Partnership: Lab on Chip Chemical Sensor Technology for Ocean Observing

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Mowlem ◽  
Alexander Beaton ◽  
Robin Pascal ◽  
Allison Schaap ◽  
Socratis Loucaides ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Sensor ◽  
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles ◽  
Product Line ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
Chip Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
On Chip

We introduce for the first time a new product line able to make high accuracy measurements of a number of water chemistry parameters in situ: i.e., submerged in the environment including in the deep sea (to 6,000 m). This product is based on the developments of in situ lab on chip technology at the National Oceanography Centre (NOC), and the University of Southampton and is produced under license by Clearwater Sensors Ltd., a start-up and industrial partner in bringing this technology to global availability and further developing its potential. The technology has already been deployed by the NOC, and with their partners worldwide over 200 times including to depths of ∼4,800 m, in turbid estuaries and rivers, and for up to a year in seasonally ice-covered regions of the arctic. The technology is capable of making accurate determinations of chemical and biological parameters that require reagents and which produce an electrical, absorbance, fluorescence, or luminescence signal. As such it is suitable for a wide range of environmental measurements. Whilst further parameters are in development across this partnership, Nitrate, Nitrite, Phosphate, Silicate, Iron, and pH sensors are currently available commercially. Theses sensors use microfluidics and optics combined in an optofluidic chip with electromechanical valves and pumps mounted upon it to mix water samples with reagents and measure the optical response. An overview of the sensors and the underlying components and technologies is given together with examples of deployments and integrations with observing platforms such as gliders, autonomous underwater vehicles and moorings.

scholarly journals Fast, accurate, point-of-care COVID-19 pandemic diagnosis enabled through advanced lab-on-chip optical biosensors: Opportunities and challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 031313
Author(s):  
Aref Asghari ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Kyoung Min Yoo ◽  
Ali Rostamian ◽  
Xiaochuan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Optical Biosensors ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
On Chip

On Two Phase Flow Regimes in a Microscale Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Weinmu¨ller ◽  
Nicole R. Bieri ◽  
Dimos Poulikakos
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
On Chip

The area of microfluidics has experienced a tremendous increase in research activities in recent years with a wide range of applications, such as micro heat exchangers and energy conversion devices, microreactors, lab-on-chip devices, micro total chemical analysis systems (μTAS) etc. The occurrence of two phase flow can lead to several mechanisms enhancing or extending the performance of single phase microfluidic devices [1]. On the other hand, in a micro fuel cell the second, non-immiscible phase is considered to hamper the performance of the fuel cell [2]. Regardless of its effect, two phase flows in microfluidics deserve special research attention.

scholarly journals Analysis: Investigating the quality of POCT devices for HbA1c, what are our next steps?

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1154-1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erna Lenters-Westra ◽  
Emma English
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Performance Evaluations ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Performance History ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Number Of Publications

There are a growing number of publications evaluating the performance of HbA1c point-of-care testing (POCT) devices when compared to routine laboratory instruments, but is this what we need from future studies? Here we describe the current understanding of the performance of POCT for HbA1c, which areas need further studies, and the key requirements for future publications based on performance evaluations of these devices. These include studies in clinical settings, performance measured against internationally standardized reference methods, and the need to evaluate new to the market devices that do not currently have a detailed performance history. In addition we highlight the need for external quality assessment schemes that are designed to support POCT in a wide range of clinical settings.

scholarly journals Cost-Effective Flexible CSRR-Based Sensor for Noninvasive Measurement of Permittivity of Biomaterials

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Faezeh Shanehsazzadeh ◽  
Nafise Azizi ◽  
Hosna Kazerooni Haghighat ◽  
Fatemeh Mashayekhi ◽  
Mehdi Fardmanesh
Keyword(s):  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Complementary Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Microwave Sensor ◽  
Wide Range

A novel, cost-effective, flexible microwave sensor is proposed to facilitate point-of-care testing (POCT) methods for medical diagnosis. The sensor is based on the complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) to accurately measure the permittivity of biomaterials over a wide range of frequencies. This ability can be used to characterize various materials under test (MUT) such as blood, saliva, tissue samples, etc. The flexibility of the proposed sensor means that it can be used when the accessibility of the sample has technical difficulties, such as on curved surfaces. Firstly, the optimized structure and coupling to the readout transmission line are evaluated using finite element method (FEM) simulations. Then, the prototype of the optimized structure is fabricated on a thin polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate as a biocompatible economical polymer, and aluminium is carefully chosen for the fabrication of CSRR and readout parts. The proposed flexible sensor is tested and compared to conventional rigid CSRR sensors. The proposed structure withstood the different bending positions well, and also showed an improvement in the results for curved MUT.

scholarly journals Sensitive detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Fatih Abasiyanik ◽  
Blake Flood ◽  
Jing Lin ◽  
Sefika Ozcan ◽  
Sherin J Rouhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Swab ◽  
Digital Pcr ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Community Screening ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Testing Facility ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

AbstractSaliva has significant advantages as a test medium for detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients, such as ease of collection, minimal requirement of supplies and trained personnel, and safety. Comprehensive validation in a large cohort of prospectively collected specimens with unknown SARS-CoV-2 status should be performed to evaluate the potential and limitations of saliva-based testing. We developed a saliva-based testing pipeline for detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acids using real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) readouts, and measured samples from 137 outpatients tested at a curbside testing facility and 29 inpatients hospitalized for COVID-19. These measurements were compared to the nasal swab results for each patient performed by a certified microbiology laboratory. We found that our saliva testing positively detects 100% (RT-PCR) and 93.75% (ddPCR) of curbside patients that were identified as SARS-CoV-2 positive by the Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) certified nasal swab testing assay. Quantification of viral loads by ddPCR revealed an extremely wide range, with 1 million-fold difference between individual patients. Our results demonstrate for both community screening and hospital settings that saliva testing reliability is on par with that of the nasal swabs in detecting infected cases, and has potential for higher sensitivity when combined with ddPCR in detecting low-abundance viral loads that evade traditional testing methods.

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